28 Diplomacy and Early Modern Culture
26. This is clear when one sees the names of the recipients of surviving copies
of the atlas by Hack and the later provenance of these atlases (which in one
case included Robert Walpole) as listed in N. Thrower and D. Howse (1992)
A Buccaneer’s Atlas: Basil Ringrose’s South Sea Waggoner (Berkeley: University
of California Press), pp. 267ff.
27. The three plans in question are now BL Cotton Aug. I.ii.29 (à Borough
sketch), I.ii.64 (finished plan) and I.ii.63 (alternative plan: reproduced in
Woodward 2007 p. 1621). For these see A. Ruddock (1961) ‘The earliest
original English seaman’s rutter and pilot’s chart’, Journal of the Institute of
Navigation xiv, 409–31., P. Meurer (2002) ‘Op het spoor van de kaart der
Nederlanden van Jan van Hoirne’, Caert-Thresoor 21/2, 33–40; for his diplo-
matic mission in 1539, H.R. Plomer (1900) A Short History of English Printing
(London: Kegan Paul), p. 104 n. 21. I am grateful to Laurence Worms for this
reference.
28. P. Barber (1998), pp. 45–6. and works cited there. The map no longer sur-
vives but Elder’s description does and the map must have closely resembled
the depiction of Scotland on Mercator’s map of Great Britain and Ireland of
1564.
29. A.B Taylor (1980) Alexander Lindsay: a Rutter of the Scottish Seas ca. 1540
eds. I.H. Adams & G. Fortune (Greenwish: National Maritime Museum);
R.W. Karrow (1993) Mapmakers of the Sixteenth Century and their Maps (Chicago:
Speculum Orbis) pp. 435–43. As well as preparing some manuscript charts
soon after 1547, Nicolay engraved and published a printed version at the
end of his career in 1583. Henri II was to plant another cartographer, this
time as tutor to the children of the English governor of Calais, in 1558, who
managed to map the fortifications leading a few months later to the town’s
capture by French forces (Woodward 2007, p. 1533, n. 4).
30. BL Add. Ch. 12366. The description of the services rendered is extremely
vague, but Nicolay would have had access to the plans of Scottish forts
created by English engineers after 1542 (some originals still survive among
the collections of the Duke of Rutland in Belvoir Castle) in addition to the
chart of Scotland and the plans of English ports, and these would have been
particularly appreciated at the French court.
31. The manuscript volume is now BL Add. MS 74751 A, B. For The Drawing
Room at the Tower of London see D.W. Marshall (1980) ‘Military maps of
the eighteenth century and the Tower of London Drawing Room’ Imago
Mundi 32, 21–44. The approximate date of the atlas can be deduced on sty-
listic grounds and on the assumption that the French declaration of war on
George III in support of the American rebels in 1778 provided a motive.
32. See most recently J. Hessler (2008) The Naming of America: Martin Waldseemüller’s
1507 World Map and the Cosmographiae Introductio (Washington: Library of
Congress).
33. See P. Barber (forthcoming 2012) ‘Cartography, Topography and History
Paintings’ in M. Hayward and D. Starkey (eds), The Inventory of King Henry VIII
(London: Society of Antiquaries), iii.
34. Richard Hakluyt, Divers voyages touching the discoueries of America (London:
Thomas Woodcocke, 1582), preface, sig 2r. for the mention of the map,
which he wrongly assumed was by the explorer Giovanni Verrazzano and
not by his brother.
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