526 Subject Index
concerns, 361
pollutants emitted by gas
turbines, 360
conventional combustors, pollutants
reduction, 382–383
CO and UHC, 383–384
nitrogen oxides (NO
x
), 387–391
smoke, 384, 386–387
DLN combustors
ABB EV Burner, 403–406
Allison AGT100, 412–413
developments in Japan, 413–414
EGT, 407–409
GE DLN combustor, 401–403
General Electric LM6000, 409–412
Rolls Royce RB211 industrial
burner, 406–407
Siemens hybrid burner, 400–401
solar dry low-emissions concepts,
398–400
ame temperature, control
staged combustion, 393–397
variable-geometry system,
391–393
lean premix prevaporize
combustion, 415
fuel–air premixing, 416–418
mass quantities generated during
ight of aircraft, 363
nitrogen oxides (NO
x
)
correlations, 429–432
pollutant formation, mechanisms
carbon monoxide, 366–370
fuel atomization, inuence,
381–382
nitric oxide (NO), 374–379
pressure effects on nitrogen
oxides (NO
x
), 379–381
smoke, 370–373
unburned hydrocarbons, 370
regulations
aircraft engines, 362–364
stationary gas turbines, 364–366
RQL combustor, 418–420
water injection, 170
Emissivity (gas), 318, 320
Emissivity (metal), 322
Energy conversion in diffuser, 83
Energy efcient engine, 99
Engine pressure ratio, historical trend
in, 21
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
emissions standards, 364–365
European Gas Turbine company (EGT),
407–409
EGT dry low-emissions
combustor, 408
Evaporation-controlled systems
combustion efciency, 161
combustor airow, 161
effective evaporation constant,
162–163
rate-controlling step, 161
surface-tension values, 164
Evaporation rate, 46
convection, 49
convective effects, 52
effective evaporation constant, 52–54
evaporation constant, 51
heatup period, 50
inuence of ambient gas
temperature, 49
mean drop size, 48
spray evaporation, 54
EV-burner, 31
Exhaust smoke
inuence of
fuel atomization, 372–373
fuel type, 371–372
pressure, 371
External convection, 323–324
External-mixing conguration, 242
External radiation, 321–322
F
Faired diffusers, 15, 93
aerodynamic ow pattern, 96
diffusion regions, 94–95
drawbacks, 96–97
pressure-balancing slots, 95
Film cooling; see also Wall-cooling
data, correlation of, 333
with augmented convection,
341–342
calculation of, 337–341
impingement cooling, 342–343
transpiration cooling, 343