Юдин С.М., Шестакова В.В., Пашковский С.Н., Понамарев Е.А. Испытательные системы серии РЕТОМ и их применение для проверки устройств релейной защиты и автоматики

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= 2,0 A, F

= 50,0 Ƚɰ, f

= 240q, Ɍ = 2;

= 2,0 A, F

= 49,9 Ƚɰ, f

= 60q, Ɍ = 2;

= 2,0 A, F

= 50,0 Ƚɰ, f

= 240q, Ɍ = 0;

= 2,0 A, F

= 50,0 Ƚɰ, f

= 120q, Ɍ = 2;

= 2,0 A, F

= 49,9 Ƚɰ, f

= 300q, Ɍ = 2;

= 2,0 A, F

= 50,0 Ƚɰ, f

= 120q, Ɍ = 0;

Ʉɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɢ ɧɚ 25 Ƚɰ:

ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɤɚɧɚɥɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ:

= 0, Ɍ

= 10 ɫ,

= 57 ȼ, F

= 50,0 Ƚɰ, f

= 0q;

= 5 ȼ, F

= 25 Ƚɰ, f

= 0q;

4. ɉɊɈȽɊȺɆɆȺ ȼɈɋɉɊɈɂɁȼȿȾȿɇɂə ȺȼȺɊɂɃɇɈȽɈ

ɉɊɈɐȿɋɋȺ, ɁȺɉɂɋȺɇɇɈȽɈ ȼ COMTRADE ɎɈɊɆȺɌȿ

ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ

ȼɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɷɧɟɪɝɨɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɯ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɟ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɬɨɪɵ

ɚɜɚɪɢɣɧɵɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ («Ȼɪɟɫɥɟɪ 102, 103», BRI, «Ⱥɍ-

ɊȺ», ɐɊȺɉ, «ɉɚɪɦɚ» ɢ ɬ. ɞ.), ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɡɚɩɢɫɵɜɚɸɬ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɢ ɰɢɮɪɨ-

ɜɵɟ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɵ, ɩɨɞɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɤ ɧɢɦ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ «ɧɟɧɨɪɦɚɥɶ-

ɧɵɯ» ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɜ ɷɧɟɪɝɨɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ. ɐɢɮɪɨɜɵɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɢ

ɜɫɬɪɚɢɜɚɸɬ ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɟ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɧɵɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɊɁ ɢ Ⱥ

ɞɥɹ ɮɢɤɫɚɰɢɢ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ

ɷɬɢɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɄɁ. ȼɫɟ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɟ ɪɟ-

ɝɢɫɬɪɚɬɨɪɵ ɡɚɩɢɫɵɜɚɸɬ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɜ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɚɯ,

ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɹɬ ɨɬ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ, ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɭɸ ɝɨɬɨɜɧɨɫɬɶ,

ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɡɚɩɢɫɵɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɹ ɢ ɬ. ɞ. ȼɨɫɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɢ

ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɷɬɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɬɪɟɬɶɢɦɢ ɮɢɪɦɚɦɢ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɦɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɹ ɮɨɪɦɚ-

ɬɨɜ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɧɟɭɞɨɛɧɨ. ȼ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɜ ɦɢɪɨɜɨɣ

ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɦ «ɞɟ-

ɮɚɤɬɨ» ɫɬɚɥ COMTRADE ɢ ɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɦ ɪɟ-

ɝɢɫɬɪɚɬɨɪɚɦ ɮɢɪɦɵ-ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɢ ɞɨɛɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɭɬɢɥɢɬɵ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ

ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɷɬɨɬ ɮɨɪɦɚɬ.

Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɚ ɞɥɹ:

x ɜɨɫɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɡɚɩɢɫɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜ COMTRADE-

ɮɨɪɦɚɬɟ;

x ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɚ-

ɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɜɨɫɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ;

x ɮɢɤɫɚɰɢɢ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɟɦɨɝɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɟ

ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ;

x ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɨɜ ɢɫɩɵɬɵɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɭɫɬ-

ɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɫ ɡɚɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ COMTRADE-ɮɚɣɥɟ;

x ɡɚɩɢɫɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɜ ɚɪɯɢɜ ɢ ɜɵɜɨɞ ɧɚ ɩɟɱɚɬɶ.

Ɉɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ:

x COMTRADE-ɮɚɣɥ ɜ ASCII-ɮɨɪɦɚɬɟ;

x ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜɨɫɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ 7 ɫ;

x ɜɵɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɵ ɊȿɌɈɆ-41Ɇ.

Ɉɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɟ COMTRADE

Ʉɚɠɞɵɣ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɬɪɢ ɬɢɩɚ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɧɢɦ ɮɚɣ-

ɥɨɜ. Ʉɚɠɞɵɣ ɢɡ ɬɪɟɯ ɮɚɣɥɨɜ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɣ ɬɢɩ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ: ɡɚɝɨɥɨ-

ɜɨɤ, ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɹ ɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ.

ɂɦɟɧɚ ɮɚɣɥɨɜ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɮɨɪɦɟ «ɯɯɯɯɯ.ɭɭɭ». «ɯɯɯɯɯ» ɢɦɟ-

ɧɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɮɚɣɥ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ FAULT ɢɥɢ

TEST. ɑɚɫɬɶ «ɭɭɭ» (ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɟ) ɢɦɟɧɢ ɮɚɣɥɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ, ɱɬɨɛɵ

ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɬɢɩ ɮɚɣɥɚ, ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɚ ɤɚɤ: «.HDR» ɞɥɹ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɚ,

«.CFG» ɞɥɹ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ, «.DAT» ɞɥɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ.

Ɏɚɣɥ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɚ (xxxxx.HDR). Ɏɚɣɥ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢ-

ɤɨɦ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɚɜɚɪɢɣɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨɣ ɨɛɪɚ-

ɛɨɬɤɢ. Ⱦɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɩɟɱɚɬɤɢ ɢ ɱɬɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɦ.

ɋɨɡɞɚɬɟɥɶ ɮɚɣɥɚ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɜ ɧɟɝɨ ɥɸɛɭɸ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ

ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɨɦ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɟ.

Ȼɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɨɜ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɬɶ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɨɞ-

ɧɨɦ ɢɡ ɞɜɭɯ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɨɜ. Ɉɞɢɧ ɮɨɪɦɚɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɵ,

ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ

ɞɥɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɚ. Ⱦɪɭɝɨɣ ɮɨɪ-

ɦɚɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɟ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɵ. Ⱦɥɹ ɨɛɦɟɧɚ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɚɬ, ɬɨɝɞɚ ɥɸɛɚɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɬɟɤ-

ɫɬɨɜ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɱɬɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɫɩɟɱɚɬɤɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ. ɗɬɨɬ ɮɨɪ-

ɦɚɬ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ «ASCII ɮɨɪɦɚɬɨɦ».

Ɏɚɣɥ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ (xxxxx.CFG). Ɏɚɣɥ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɧɚ-

ɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɱɬɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɨɣ ɢ, ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ, ɞɨɥɠɟɧ

ɢɦɟɬɶ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɟ. Ⱦɚɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɮɚɣɥɟ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭ-

ɪɚɰɢɢ – ɷɬɨ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚɹ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ ɞɥɹ

ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ. ɗɬɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ

ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɬ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ, ɤɚɤ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ, ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɤɚ-

ɧɚɥɨɜ, ɥɢɧɟɣɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ, ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɨ ɤɚɧɚɥɟ ɢ ɬ.

ɞ.

Ɏɚɣɥ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɨɡɞɚɧ ɢɥɢ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ

ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜ, ɢɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ

ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬ ɮɚɣɥ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ ɢɡ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɡɚɩɢɫɶɸ

ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ. Ʉɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɮɚɣɥ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ

ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɜ ASCII ɮɨɪɦɚɬɟ.

Ɏɚɣɥ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ (xxxxx.DAT). Ɏɚɣɥ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɠ-

ɞɨɣ ɜɵɛɨɪɤɢ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɤɚɧɚɥɚ. ɑɢɫɥɨ, ɡɚɩɢɫɚɧɧɨɟ ɤɚɤ ɜɵɛɨɪɤɚ

ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɱɢɫɥɨ, ɜɵɞɚɧɧɨɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬ ɜɵɛɨɪɤɢ

ɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ.

Ɂɚɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɛɟɡ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ

ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɭɥɹ. Ⱦɚɧɧɵɟ, ɧɟ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ, ɢɡɦɟɪɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɨɬ-

ɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɤ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɱɢɫɥɭ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɨɬ -2000 ɤ

+2000. ɑɢɫɥɚ, ɫɦɟɳɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɭɥɹ ɜɫɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ, ɟɫɥɢ

ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɧɭɥɶ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɨɬ 0 ɞɨ 4000, ɫ

2000 ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɧɭɥɸ. Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɫɨɞɟɪ-

ɠɚɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɮɚɣɥɟ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬ, ɤɚɤ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɵɜɚɬɶ ɡɧɚ-

ɱɟɧɢɹ ɮɚɣɥɚ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɤ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚɦ.

Ⱦɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɤ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɦ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ,

ɱɚɫɬɨ ɡɚɩɢɫɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɧɵɟ ɜɯɨɞɵ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚɦ ɬɢ-

ɩɚ «ɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ • ɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ». ɋɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɜɯɨɞɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɱɢɫɥɚɦɢ

«1» ɢɥɢ «0» ɜ ɮɚɣɥɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ.

Ɉɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ.

ɉɪɢ ɨɛɦɟɧɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ

ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɨɩɢɫɵɜɚɟɬ ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ, ɫɨ-

ɩɭɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɦɭ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɭ. Ɍɚɤɚɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɮɨɪ-

ɦɚɬɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɧɚɱɟ, ɱɟɦ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ.

ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɦɚɹ ɜ ɮɚɣɥɚɯ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ

ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɟ:

x ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨɟ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜ, ɫɨɩɭɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɦɭ

ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɭ;

x ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɹ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɡɚɩɢɫɢ;

x ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ.

Ɉɩɢɫɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɥɟɝɤɨ ɜɜɟɫɬɢ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɢ-

ɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɟ ASCII. Ɉɧɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɢɯ

ɮɚɣɥɚɯ ɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤ ɲɢɪɨɤɨ, ɱɬɨ ɬɪɭɞɧɨ ɨɩɢɫɵɜɚɬɶ ɮɨɪɦɚɬ, ɤɨɬɨ-

ɪɵɣ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɤɚɠɞɨɟ ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ.

ɋ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ, ɯɨɬɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɨ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ (ɧɨɦɟɪ, ɧɨɦɟɪ

ɢ ɬɢɩ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ, ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ, ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɧɵɟ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵ) ɬɟɤɫɬɨ-

ɜɚɹ, ɨɧɚ

ɥɟɝɤɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɤɚɡɭɟɦɚ ɢ ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɜ ɡɚɪɚɧɟɟ ɡɚ-

ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɟ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɱɢɬɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɨɣ.

Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɚɠɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɤɚɡɭɟɦɵ. Ɉɧɢ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɯɪɚɧɹɬɫɹ ɜ

ɞɜɨɢɱɧɨɦ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɟ, ɩɨɬɨɦɭ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɦɟɧɶɲɢɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɩɚ-

ɦɹɬɢ, ɚ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɸɬɫɹ, ɨɱɟɧɶ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ. ɇɟ-

ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɤ ɞɜɨɢɱɧɵɯ ɮɚɣɥɨɜ ɜ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ

ɨɧɢ ɧɟ ɬɚɤ ɥɟɝɤɨ ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɦɟ-

ɠɞɭ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɦɢ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨɛ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟ-

ɫɤɢɯ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚɯ, ɤɚɤ ASCII ɮɚɣɥɵ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɚɩɢɫɢ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɢɦɟɬɶɫɹ ɨɞɢɧ

ɮɚɣɥ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɚ ɢ ɨɞɢɧ ɮɚɣɥ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɮɚɣɥ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɦɨɠɟɬ

ɛɵɬɶ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɧɵɦ, ɟɫɥɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɟ ɭɦɟɳɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ 1 ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ.

ɋɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɵ ɨɩɢɫɵɜɚɸɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɚɬ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ

ɢɡ

ɷɬɢɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɮɚɣɥɨɜ.

1. Ɏɚɣɥɵ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɚ. ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɜ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ

ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɹ ɞɥɹ

ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹ, ɞɥɹ ɥɭɱɲɟɝɨ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɡɚɩɢɫɢ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ

ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ. Ɏɚɣɥ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɚ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɨɣ.

ɋɨɞɟɪɠɢɦɨɟ. Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ

ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɵ ɜ ɮɚɣɥ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɚ:

x ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɞɨ ɚɜɚɪɢɢ;

x ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ;

x ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɥɢɧɢɢ, ɬɪɚɧɫɮɨɪɦɚɬɨɪɚ, ɪɟɚɤɬɨɪɚ, ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪɚ

ɢɥɢ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɹ, ɝɞɟ ɛɵɥ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ;

x ɞɥɢɧɚ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɧɨɣ ɥɢɧɢɢ;

x ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɢ ɪɟɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɹɦɨɣ ɢ ɧɭɥɟɜɨɣ ɩɨɫɥɟ-

ɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ;

x ɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ;

x ɜɡɚɢɦɧɚɹ ɢɧɞɭɤɰɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɥɢɧɢɹɦɢ;

x ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɲɭɧɬɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɪɟɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɢ ɤɨɧɞɟɧ-

ɫɚɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɛɚɬɚɪɟɣ;

x ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɦɨɬɨɤ ɬɪɚɧɫɮɨɪɦɚɬɨɪɨɜ;

x ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɬɪɚɧɫɮɨɪɦɚɬɨɪɚ ɢ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɦɨɬɨɤ;

x ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɩɪɢɥɟɝɚɸɳɟɣ ɤ ɦɟɫɬɭ ɚɜɚɪɢɢ ɫɟɬɢ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɷɤɜɢ-

ɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɧɵɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɹɦɨɣ ɢ ɧɭɥɟɜɨɣ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ-

ɫɬɢ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ;

x ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɤɚɤ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɵ: ɧɚ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟɥɶ-

ɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɨɣ;

x ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɯ ɚɧɬɢɧɚɥɚɝɚɸɳɢɯ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜ;

x ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɡɚɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ;

x ɧɨɦɟɪɚ ɞɢɫɤɨɜ, ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɡɚɩɢɫɚɧɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɨ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɢ.

Ɏɚɣɥɵ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɚ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɟ «.HDR», ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɬɶ, ɢɯ

ɨɬ ɮɚɣɥɨɜ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ, ɢ ɫɥɭɠɢɬ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɥɟɝɱɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɩɨɦɢɧɚ-

ɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɩɨɡɧɚɜɚɧɢɹ. ȼɫɟ ɮɚɣɥɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨɟ ɢɦɹ, ɨɬɥɢɱɚ-

ɹɫɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɢɩɚ ɮɚɣɥɚ.

Ɏɨɪɦɚɬ. Ɏɚɣɥɵ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɚ – ɷɬɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɥɶɧɵɟ ASCII ɮɚɣɥɵ ɥɸɛɨɣ

ɞɥɢɧɵ. ASCII- ɮɚɣɥɵ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɩɪɨɫɬɵɦɢ ɪɟɞɚɤɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵ-

ɦɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɚɦɢ.

2. Ɏɚɣɥɵ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ. ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɮɚɣɥɚ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ – ɨɛɟɫ-

ɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɭɸ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ,

ɱɬɨɛɵ ɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɟɦɵɯ

ɮɚɣɥɚɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ. ɇɟɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɷɬɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɞɭɛɥɢ-

ɪɨɜɚɧɚ ɜ ɮɚɣɥɟ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɚ.

Ɏɚɣɥ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɜ ɡɚɪɚɧɟɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɦ, ɮɢɤɫɢ-

ɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɟ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɭɸ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ

ɞɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɮɚɣɥɚ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ. ɗɬɨ

ASCII ɮɨɪɦɚɬ, ɢ ɨɧ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ

ɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɧ ɤɚɤ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɨɦ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɨɦ.

ɋɨɞɟɪɠɢɦɨɟ. Ɏɚɣɥɵ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɭɸ ɢɧɮɨɪ-

ɦɚɰɢɸ:

x ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ;

x ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɬɢɩ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ;

x ɢɦɟɧɚ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ, ɦɨɞɭɥɟɣ ɢ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ;

x ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɫɟɬɢ;

x ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɜɵɛɨɪɨɤ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ;

x ɞɚɬɚ ɢ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ;

x ɞɚɬɚ ɢ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɭɫɤɚ;

x ɬɢɩ ɮɚɣɥɚ.

ɂɦɟɧɚ ɮɚɣɥɨɜ. ɂɦɟɧɚ ɮɚɣɥɨɜ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɟ

«.CFG», ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɬɶ ɢɯ ɨɬ ɮɚɣɥɨɜ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɚ ɢ ɮɚɣɥɨɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ.

Ɏɨɪɦɚɬ. Ɏɚɣɥ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ – ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɣ ɮɚɣɥ ASCII ɮɨɪɦɚɬɚ.

Ɉɧ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɧɚ ɤɚɠɞɵɣ ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶ ɫ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ.

Ɏɚɣɥ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧ ɧɚ ɫɬɪɨɤɢ. Ʉɚɠɞɚɹ ɫɬɪɨɤɚ ɡɚɤɚɧɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚɦɢ

ɜɨɡɜɪɚɬɚ ɤɚɪɟɬɤɢ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞɚ ɫɬɪɨɤɢ: <CR,LF>. Ɂɚɩɹɬɵɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ

ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɫɬɪɨɤɢ. Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɨɩɭɳɟɧɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ

ɪɚɡɞɟɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɡɚɩɹɬɵɟ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɛɟɡ ɩɪɨɛɟɥɚ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɧɢɦɢ.

ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɜ ɮɚɣɥ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɡɚɧɨɫɢɬɶɫɹ

ɜ ɬɨɱɧɨɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ ɢ ɜ ɭɫɬɚ-

ɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɟ. Ɉɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɚ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɭɬ ɤ ɧɟɩɪɚ-

ɜɢɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɢɫɬɨɥɤɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɨɦ.

ɇɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ. Ɏɚɣɥ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ ɧɚɱɢ-

ɧɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɬɨɪɚ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ.

station_name,id<CR,LF>

ɝɞɟ station_name – ɭɧɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɬɨɪɚ; id= ɭɧɢɤɚɥɶɧɵɣ

ɧɨɦɟɪ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɬɨɪɚ.

Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɬɢɩ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ. ɗɬɚ ɫɬɪɨɤɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɬɢɩ

ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɤɚɤ ɨɧɢ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɩɢɫɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ:

TT,nnt,nnt<CR,LF>

ɝɞɟ: ɌɌ – ɨɛɳɟɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ; nn – ɧɨɦɟɪ ɤɚɧɚɥɚ; t – ɬɢɩ ɜɯɨ-

ɞɚ (Ⱥ – ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɣ / ȼ -ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɧɵɣ).

ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɨ ɤɚɧɚɥɚɯ. ɗɬɨ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ɫɬɪɨɤ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɯ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚ-

ɰɢɸ ɨ ɤɚɧɚɥɚɯ. Ʉɚɠɞɨɦɭ ɤɚɧɚɥɭ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɫɬɪɨɤɚ ɜɢɞɚ:

nn,id,p,cccccc,uu,a,b,skew,min,max< CR,LF>

nn, id,p,cccccc,uu,a,b,skew,min,max< CR,LF>

nn,id,m< CR,LF>

ɝɞɟ nn – ɧɨɦɟɪ ɤɚɧɚɥɚ; id – ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɤɚɧɚɥɚ; ɪ – ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɬɨɪ

ɮɚɡɵ ɤɚɧɚɥɚ; ɫɫɫɫɫɫ – ɰɟɩɶ / ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ;

uu – ɟɞɢɧɢɰɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɤɚɧɚɥɟ (kV, kA, ɢ ɬ. ɞ.); ɚ – ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɱɢɫ-

ɥɨ (ɫɦ. ɧɢɠɟ); b – ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ. Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ k

[ɬ. ɟ., ɡɚɩɢɫɚɧɧɚɹ

ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ

ɯ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ (ɚɯ+b) ɜ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɚɯ, ɭɤɚɡɚɧ-

ɧɵɯ ɜɵɲɟ]; skew – ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ. ɋɞɜɢɝ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ (ɜ

Pɫ) ɜ ɤɚɧɚɥɟ ɫ

ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɨɬɫɱɟɬɚ; min – ɰɟɥɨɟ, ɪɚɜɧɨɟ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɟ (ɧɢɠɧɹɹ

ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɚ) ɞɥɹ ɜɵɛɨɪɨɤ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɤɚɧɚɥɚ; max – ɰɟɥɨɟ, ɪɚɜɧɨɟ ɦɚɤ-

ɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɟ (ɜɟɪɯɧɹɹ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɚ) ɞɥɹ ɜɵɛɨɪɨɤ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɤɚ-

ɧɚɥɚ; m – (0 ɢɥɢ 1) ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɤɚɧɚɥɚ (ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶ-

ɤɨ ɤ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɧɵɦ ɤɚɧɚɥɚɦ).

ɉɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ «nn, id, p, cccccc, uu, a, b, skew, min, max»

ɩɨɜɬɨɪɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɪɚɡ, ɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɷɬɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ

ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ, ɮɚɡɵ, ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚ-

ɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɨɧɢ ɩɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ.

Ɏɚɡɚ,

ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɰɟɩɢ ɢ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɟ ɧɭɠɧɵ ɞɥɹ

ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɢ ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɨɩɭɫɤɚɸɬɫɹ.

ɑɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɫɟɬɢ. ɑɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɫɟɬɢ ɩɟɱɚɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɨɤɟ ɜ ɮɚɣɥɟ:

lf<CR,LF>

ɝɞɟ lf – ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɫɟɬɢ ɜ Ƚɰ (50 ɢɥɢ 60).

ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɨ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ. ɗɬɚ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɨɛ-

ɳɟɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɫɩɢɫɤɨɦ, ɫɨɞɟɪ-

ɠɚɳɢɦ ɤɚɠɞɭɸ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɧɨɦɟɪ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɣ ɜɵɛɨɪɤɢ ɞɥɹ

ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ.

nrates<CR,LF>

sssssl,endsampl<CR,LF>

sssss2,endsamp2<CR,LF>

…

sssssn.endsampn<CR.LF>

ɝɞɟ nrates – ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɟɣ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɮɚɣɥɟ

ɞɚɧɧɵɯ; sssss1 – sssssn – ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜ Ƚɰ; endsampl – end-

sampn – ɧɨɦɟɪ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɣ ɜɵɛɨɪɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ.

Ɉɬɦɟɬɤɢ ɞɚɬɵ/ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ. ɂɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɞɜɟ ɨɬɦɟɬɤɢ ɞɚɬɚ / ɜɪɟɦɹ: ɩɟɪ-

ɜɚɹ – ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɮɚɣɥɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɜɬɨɪɚɹ – ɞɥɹ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɭɫ-

ɤɚ. Ɉɧɢ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɣ ɮɨɪɦɚɬ:

mm/dd/yy,hh:mm:ss.ssssss<CR,LF>

ɝɞɟ mm – ɦɟɫɹɰ (01-12); dd – ɞɟɧɶ ɦɟɫɹɰɚ (01-31); ɭɭ – ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ ɞɜɟ

ɰɢɮɪɵ ɝɨɞɚ; hh – ɱɚɫɵ (00-23); mm – ɦɢɧɭɬɵ (00-59); ss.ssssss – ɫɟɤɭɧɞɵ

(ɨɬ 0 ɫ ɞɨ 59.999999 ɫ).

Ɍɢɩ ɮɚɣɥɚ. Ɍɢɩ ɮɚɣɥɚ ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ASCII ɮɚɣɥ ɢɞɟɧɬɢ-

ɮɢɤɚɬɨɪɨɦ ft:

ft<CR,LF>

ɝɞɟ ft – ASCII.

ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɮɚɣɥɚ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ

Great Oaks Substation,25<CR,LF> 6,4A,2D<CR,LF>

1,Line 1 Phase A Voltage,A„kV,200.,0..0.,0,4096<CR,LF>

2,Une 2 Phase ȼ Voltage,B„kV,200.,0.,0.,0,4096<CR,LF>

3,Bus Current,A,,kA,100.,0.,0.,0,4096<CR,LF>

4,Une 2 Phase AVoltage,A„kV,200.,0.,0.,0,4096<CR,LP>

1,Breaker #XX Open,0<CR,LF>

2,Breacer #YY Closed,0<CR,LF>

60<CR,LF>

2<CR,LF>

5184,1298<CR,LF>

2592,1400<CR,LF>

06/25/88,23:12:14,089045<CR,LF>

06/25/88,23:12:19,000011<CR,LF>

ASCIKCR,LF>

3. Ɏɚɣɥɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ. ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɮɚɣɥɨɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ – ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɮɚɤɬɢ-

ɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ. Ⱦɨɥɠɧɵ ɬɨɱɧɨ ɫɨɨɬ-

ɜɟɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɭ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɜ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ

ɦɨɝɥɢ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɱɢɬɚɧɵ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɨɣ.

ɋɨɞɟɪɠɢɦɨɟ. Ɏɚɣɥ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ

ɫɬɪɨɤɚɯ ɢ ɫɬɨɥɛɰɚɯ, ɝɞɟ ɤɚɠɞɚɹ ɫɬɪɨɤɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɚ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ

ɞɚɧɧɵɯ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɭ ɩɪɟɞɲɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɜɵɣ ɧɨɦɟɪ ɢ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɡɚɩɢɫɢ ɷɬɢɯ

ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ. ɇɨɦɟɪ ɜɵɛɨɪɤɢ, ɜɪɟɦɹ ɟɟ ɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ, ɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ

ɧɟɣ, ɨɬɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɞɪɭɝ ɨɬ ɞɪɭɝɚ ɡɚɩɹɬɵɦɢ. ɇɢɤɚɤɚɹ ɞɪɭɝɚɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɜ

ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɧɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ.

ɂɦɟɧɚ ɮɚɣɥɨɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ. ɂɦɟɧɚ ɮɚɣɥɨɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɢɦɟɬɶ

ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɟ «.DAT», ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɟɬ ɢɯ ɨɬ ɮɚɣɥɨɜ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɚ ɢ ɤɨɧɮɢ-

ɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɫɥɭɠɢɬ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɵɦ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɦ, ɨɛɥɟɝɱɚɸɳɢɦ ɡɚɩɨɦɢɧɚɧɢɟ

ɢ ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɸ.

ɋɚɦɨ ɢɦɹ ɮɚɣɥɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɞɧɨ ɢ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɞɥɹ

ɮɚɣɥɨɜ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɚ, ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ

, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɫɜɹɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɮɚɣɥɵ ɡɚ-

ɝɨɥɨɜɤɚ ɢ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ ɫ ɮɚɣɥɚɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ.

ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɧɨɝɨɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɮɚɣɥɨɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɫɥɟɞ-

ɧɢɟ ɞɜɚ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɹ «.DAT» ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɦɟɧɟɧɵ (ɫɢɦɜɨɥɵ

«AT» ɜ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɢ «.DAT» ɮɚɣɥɚ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ) ɧɚ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɜɵɣ ɧɨɦɟɪ ɮɚɣ-

ɥɚ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɹ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɞɨ 99 ɮɚɣɥɨɜ.

Ɏɨɪɦɚɬ ɮɚɣɥɚ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ. Ɏɚɣɥɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ

ɫɬɪɨɤɢ. Ʉɚɠɞɚɹ ɫɬɪɨɤɚ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɚ ɧɚ (n+2) ɤɨɥɨɧɨɤ, ɝɞɟ n – ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ

ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɜ ɡɚɩɢɫɢ. Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɫɬɪɨɤ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ

ɞɥɢɧɵ ɡɚɩɢɫɢ ɢ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɮɚɣɥɚ. Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ

ɤɨɥɨɧɨɤ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɡɚɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɯ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɢ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɥɢɹɟɬ ɧɚ ɞɥɢɧɭ

ɮɚɣɥɚ.

1-ɣ ɫɬɨɥɛɟɰ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɧɨɦɟɪ ɜɵɛɨɪɤɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ – ɰɟɥɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ. ȼɬɨ-

ɪɚɹ ɤɨɥɨɧɤɚ – ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜ

ɦɢɤɪɨɫɟɤɭɧɞɚɯ, ɬɚɤɠɟ ɰɟɥɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ. Ɍɪɟɬɶɹ ɢ ɨɫ-

ɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɨɥɨɧɤɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟ-

ɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɧɵɟ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɵ (ɢɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɜɵɛɨɪɤɢ). ȿɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɜ

ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɨɜ (ɬɨɤɨɜ ɢ ɧɚɩɪɹ-

ɠɟɧɢɣ) ɡɚɩɢɫɚɧɵ ɜ ɮɚɣɥɟ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ, ɜ ɫɬɪɨɤɟ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɣ ɫɢɝ-

ɧɚɥɭ, ɧɨɦɟɪ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɜ ɫɩɢɫɤɟ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɨɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɚɧɫɚ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɢ

ɫɨ-

ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɧɨɦɟɪɭ ɟɝɨ ɤɨɥɨɧɤɢ ɜ ɮɚɣɥɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ. ɉɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɜɵɛɨɪ-

ɤɢ ɨɬɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜɨɡɜɪɚɬɨɦ ɤɚɪɟɬɤɢ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞɨɦ ɫɬɪɨɤɢ.

Ɏɨɪɦɚɬ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ. Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜ-

ɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɟ ɰɟɥɨɝɨ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɢɡ ɲɟɫɬɢ ɰɢɮɪ (I6), ɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɟɦɵɯ ɡɚɩɹ-

ɬɵɦɢ. Ɉɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ 999999. Ⱦɢɫɤɪɟɬɧɵɟ

ɫɢɝɧɚɥɵ (I1) ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɚɦɢ ɢ ɧɨɥɹɦɢ.

Ɇɟɬɤɚ ɤɨɧɰɚ ɮɚɣɥɚ. Ɇɟɬɤɚ ɤɨɧɰɚ ASCII ɮɚɣɥɚ (EOF) («1Ⱥ» ɇȿɏ)

ɩɨɦɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɪɚɡɭ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɫɤɪɵɬɨɝɨ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚ «ɜɨɡɜɪɚɬ ɤɚɪɟɬɤɢ/ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞ

ɫɬɪɨɤɢ» (<CR,LF>) ɜ ɤɨɧɰɟ ɡɚɩɢɫɢ ɮɚɣɥɚ.

ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɜɵɛɨɪɤɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ. Ⱦɚɥɟɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɜɵɛɨɪɤɢ ɞɚɧ-

ɧɵɯ, ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɨ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɭ. Ɉɧ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧ ɢɡ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚ

ɮɚɣɥɚ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɱɟɬɵɪɟ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɢ ɞɜɚ ɞɢɫ-

ɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ.

ȿɫɥɢ ɜɫɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɧɟ ɭɦɟɫɬɢɥɢɫɶ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɨɤɟ, ɨɧɢ

ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɵ ɛɟɡ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɭɸ ɫɬɪɨɤɭ ɱɟɪɟɡ «ɜɨɡ-

ɜɪɚɬ ɤɚɪɟɬɤɢ / ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞ ɫɬɪɨɤɢ».

ɉɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɜɵɛɨɪɤɟ (ɬ. ɟ. ɜ

ɫɬɪɨɤɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ) ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɡɚɤɚɧɱɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɤɪɵɬɵɦ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɦ «ɜɨɡɜɪɚɬ ɤɚ-

ɪɟɬɤɢ / ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞ ɫɬɪɨɤɢ». ɋɥɟɞɭɸɳɚɹ ɫɬɪɨɤɚ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɨɦɟɪɨɦ ɜɵ-

ɛɨɪɤɢ ɢ / ɢɥɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɧɚɛɨɪɨɦ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ.

0000000001 – ɧɨɦɟɪ ɜɵɛɨɪɤɢ;

0000000000 – ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜ

Pɫ ɨɬ ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɡɚɩɢɫɢ;

002090,001827,002090,002044 – ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ 1-4;

0,0 – ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɧɵɟ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɵ (ɤɚɧɚɥɵ 5 ɢ 6).

ɋɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɮɚɣɥɚ. Ɏɚɣɥ-ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɨɤ ɢ ɮɚɣɥ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ ɯɪɚɧɹɬɫɹ ɜ

ɮɨɪɦɚɬɟ ASCII. Ɏɚɣɥɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɝɟɧɟɪɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɨɣ. ȿɫɥɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ

ɧɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɮɚɣɥɟ (ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɨɣ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɹ

ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ), ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɨ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɨ ɮɚɣɥɨɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ.

Ⱦɜɨɢɱɧɵɟ ɮɚɣɥɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ. Ⱦɜɨɢɱɧɵɟ ɮɚɣɥɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɠɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɵ ɜ

ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɪɢɤɥɚɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɯ ɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɫ COM-

TRADE ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɦ. ȿɫɥɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɞɜɨɢɱɧɵɟ ɮɚɣɥɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ, ɬɨ ɫɨ-

ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɚɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɜɨɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɮɚɣɥɚ ɤ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɭ

COMTRADE ASCII ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɚ ɤ ɞɜɨɢɱɧɨɦɭ ɮɚɣɥɭ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ.

ɉɨɥɟ ft, ɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɨɟ ɜɵɲɟ, ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢ-

ɤɚɰɢɢ ɞɜɨɢɱɧɵɯ ɮɚɣɥɨɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ. Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɩɢɲɭɬ

ɜ ɷɬɨ ɩɨɥɟ ɧɟ

«ASCII», ɚ «BINARY». Ⱦɜɨɢɱɧɵɟ ɮɚɣɥɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ

ɬɭ ɠɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ, ɱɬɨ ɛɵɥɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɚ ɞɥɹ ASCII ɮɚɣɥɨɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ: ɤɚ-

ɠɞɚɹ ɡɚɩɢɫɶ ɜɵɛɨɪɤɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɬɶ ɢɡ 16-ɪɚɡɪɹɞɧɵɯ ɰɟɥɵɯ

ɱɢɫɟɥ, ɪɚɡɦɟɳɚɟɦɵɯ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ:

n tt A

.... A

….D

ɝɞɟ n – ɧɨɦɟɪ ɜɵɛɨɪɤɢ, ɜ ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯ ɛɚɣɬɚɯ; tt – ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜɵɛɨɪɤɢ ɜ, ɜ ɱɟɬɵ-

ɪɟɯ ɛɚɣɬɚɯ; A

.... A

– ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɨɜ ɜ ɞɜɭɯ ɛɚɣɬɚɯ ɞɥɹ

ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɤɚɧɚɥɚ; D

….D

– ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ 16 ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɯ ɜɯɨɞɨɜ (ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬ-

ɧɵɯ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɨɜ) ɜ ɤɚɠɞɨɦ 16 ɛɢɬɨɜɨɦ ɫɥɨɜɟ.

ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɹ:

1) ɇɚɢɦɟɧɶɲɢɣ ɡɧɚɱɚɳɢɣ ɛɢɬ ɜ ɫɥɨɜɟ ɩɪɢɫɜɚɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɢɦɟɧɶɲɟɦɭ ɧɨ-

ɦɟɪɭ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɤɚɧɚɥɚ, ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɦɭ ɷɬɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ ɢɡ 16 ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ. Ɍɚɤ, ɛɢɬ 0

ɜ D

– ɷɬɨ ɫɬɚɬɭɫ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɜɯɨɞɚ ɧɨɦɟɪ 1, ɚ ɛɢɬ 1 ɜ D

– ɫɬɚɬɭɫ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɨɝɨ

ɜɯɨɞɚ ɧɨɦɟɪ 18.

2) ɉɪɢ ɡɚɩɢɫɢ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɦɥɚɞɲɢɣ ɛɚɣɬ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɡɚɩɢɫɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɜɵɦ, ɡɚɬɟɦ

ɡɚɩɢɫɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɚɪɲɢɣ ɛɚɣɬ.

3) ɉɪɨɩɭɳɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɞɜɨɢɱɧɨɦ ɮɚɣɥɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɤɚɤ FFFF.

4) ɉɭɫɬɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɞɜɨɢɱɧɨɦ ɮɚɣɥɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ FFFF.

Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɫ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɨɣ

ɉɨɫɥɟ ɜɵɡɨɜɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɧɚ ɷɤɪɚɧɟ ɩɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɚɹ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ

ɪɢɫ. 4.1.

Ɋɢɫ. 4.1. ɉɚɧɟɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ

ȿɫɥɢ ɷɬɨ ɩɟɪɜɨɟ ɜɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɢɥɢ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢ-

ɦɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɨɜɵɣ COMTRADE-ɮɚɣɥ, ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɩɭɧɤɬ

Ɏɚɣɥ

ɜ ɦɟɧɸ, ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɨɹɜɢɬɫɹ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɮɚɣɥɚ (ɪɢɫ. 4.2).