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Шпоры по страноведению Америки (МГЛУ)
(2012)
1.Give an account of the geographical position of the United States, its advantages and disadvantages. The size of the country, its composition.
2.Outline the physical features of the US. The chief mountain ranges and plains. The main rivers and lakes. The climate and climatic regions. The main mineral resources and their role.
3.Describe how the New World was settled paying attention to the story of the Native Americans – unique, tragic and inspiring. How do they fare today? Their contribution to the country and American English.
4.Examine the beginning of the colonization of North America by the first settlers from Europe. What considerations influenced many people to move to America? Who were the Pilgrim Fathers? Why are they held so high by the Americans? The Mayflower Compact.
5. Describe the role of immigration in the making of the American Nation – a melting pot of nations. Characterize the main ethnic groups. Give a brief survey of the present population of the USA: density, distribution and other characteristics.
6.Discuss the reasons, development and consequences of the War of Independence (1775-1783)
7.Expand on the basic values of the American nation. Explain their importance. The frontier heritage, the heroes. What is political correctness? Refer to examples in the language.
8.The territorial expansion of the USA in the first half of the 19th century. The growing antagonism between the North and the South, the violation of the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and its consequences.
9. The prelude, chief events of the Civil War (1861-1865) and its major consequences.
10. The development of the USA after the Civil War. The Monroe doctrine. American expansionism at the end of the 19th century.
11. Describe how and when the American Constitution was adopted. The structure of the Constitution and its principles. The Bill of Rights and its role.
12. The role and structure of the Congress – the supreme legislative body. Its main functions (The Senate, the House of Representatives).
13. Examine the institution of the American presidency, its power and functions. Give a motivational criticism of the home and foreign policy of the present administration.
14. Describe the process of presidential elections, their indirect character. What is meant by an electoral college. Comment on results of the presidential elections of the year 2012.
15.Explain what is meant by a strict division and separation of powers between the Congress, the President, the Supreme Court and the system of checks and balances under the Constitution.
16. Characterize the main political parties in the USA. (the Republicans, the Democrats –history and political platform and role today)
17. Describe the national symbols of the USA: the flag, the Great Seal, the National Anthem and 10 federal holidays.