Белов В.А. Гражданское право: Общая и Особенная части

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  , 

   ,       

*. , . 1065 , , 

 (), ,

       

 (      –     

).

*  «»; , 

, , .

2524.        –  

 – ,   

 . 140 , . 91 ). , , 

     *,     

. , 

 . ,

,        ,     (!),

    ,      ,

   ,      .;

    ,        

 ».        

 ,          

. ,  (1) 

, .,   , 

      ,      

  (2)        ,  

  (3) ,  (4) .

*       . 1 . 50  , ,  

, , , , , 

, ,

   ,    . ,     

, , , 

     ,       

.

§ 5.  (. 2525-2537)

2525.  

, .,   .   

    ,    ,

  () ,      

. ,     ,  ,  

 ,       .  

           

  –      «»  (,

).

2526.        

. , , 

 ,    ,    . 

   ,  

    . , ,    

 ,   , ,     –  

 .        

 ,     . , ,   

          

.

512

2527. 

  ,     , 

   ,     . 

 ,  , 

   , ,   ,    

   ()  . ,    

. *.

* , , ,  

., , . 78 ).

2528. , ,

   . , ,  (. . 1028

; . 169 ).      ,  

, , .

             

    (     ).   



, . 

 , 

          

.

2529.   ,      ,

  . 1 . 179  ,   .),   

.      ,    

 ,        –  

 . ,    , 

, , 

.           

 (. 2 . 179).

2530.   , 

     ,    

,  (. 3 . 14 ).

2531.        

. , ,

, , 

    .      

           

 (. 3 . 937 ).

2532.    ,   

, . , 

, , 

  «» . 1 . 45  11  2001 .  95-

 «»*).   . 1  2 . 25 

 25  1998 .  130- «»**:    

    ,   

      ,  

 , ,  ,      

.

* . 2001.  29. . 2950; 2002.  12. . 1093.

** . 1998.  31. . 3808; 2000.  33. . 3348.

2533. :

1)   , 

       (. 1 . 20

);

513

2) ,       ,

      (. 2 . 4    7

 1991 . «     ,  

, »*,

* . 1992.  8. . 360.

3) ,   . 6 . 13 

),   . 6 . 51 );

4) ,      , ,

       ,     

 (. 2 . 30 );

5)  ,     ,  

, ,  (.

1 . 47  8  1998 .  3- «

»*).

* . 1998.  2. . 219.

2534.     ,  ,  

 ,      ,     

,    (. . 8 , . 11 ),  

 .        

 (. 4 . 152 ). 

     ;   ,      

   .        

,     ,    

 , . 

.

2535.     ,       

 ,   ,   ,    

    10%   .    

 (. 2 . 49 ;

. 1 . 18 ).

2536.  () . 

   – . 

          ,

          .

         ,  

 , ,  *.

* , ,  –

 ()  (. 132 ).

2537.   , ), 

 (1) . 3 . 8    2  1994 .  53- «   

, »*; (2) . 3 . 5

   13  1994 .  60- «    

 »**  (3) . 2 . 16    29  1994 .  79- «

»***.

1097  . 1994.  32. . 3303.   ()   50%  

      ,  

.

* . 1994. . 34. . 3540; 1995.  26. . 2397; 1997.  12. . 1381; 1999.  19. . 2302. , 

, .

** . 1995.  1. . 3; 1997.  12. . 1381; 1998.  7. . 798; 2001.  53. . I. . 5030. , 

, .

514

§ 6.  (. 2538-2542)

2538.   ,   , ,   

 () , 

    *     , , , 

  ,   ,    , 

 ,    ,   

 ,     ,  ,

 (. 1 . 1055 ).  

 , , 

, **.

*  – , 

, .

**  ,              

. 1 . 1056 , , , 

,       .   , 

     (      ),   ,  

 ().

2539. : (1) , .,

; (2) 

. 2 . 1055 ); (3)    , . ., 

, ; (4) , .,

    ,  ,   

      . 

    *.       , 

, , ,  –  (. 3 . 1055).

* , , , 

        (. . 2 . 1056 ).  

 – ,    .   ,   ,

 .       ,    , 

   ,          , 

 . 2 . 1056 ).

2540. ,    ,   ,  (1)  

 ; (2)  

 ,      . 4 . 1055 ); (3) 

, , 

. 

    ,     

, ,  – 

. 6 . 1055).

2541. , , ,

  ,         ,  

 , , 

  ,          ,

 . 5 . 1055 ).

2542.           

, , , , 

 . , ,  



§ 7.  (. 2543-2552)

2543.        

    .    

    ,    ,  

515

   ,     . 1  2 . 1057 ).

,  ,  

; ,     –  ;   ,

 –   .

2544. ,     ,   

    ,   ,  

, . .

       ,     

   (, , ,   

.),    .    ,     

 ,       

, ,  , , 

,  . 

    ,     

  , , 

 .     ,  ,    

, , 

. , , 

*.

*   (, ) 

, . 

        ,   

.

2545.      .    

           ,  

,       .      

 (  )   ,   

,   ,   , 

     . 3 . 1057 ).     

, ,

., .

2546.         

 (. . 2539 ), 

: , , .

,      ,    

,  (1) 

 ; (2) , (3)   (4)   ; (5)   

*,  (6)  . 4 . 1057 ).

*            ,

, , . .

57 , , . 447-449.

2547.       ,  

.    ,  ,   

 –   . 

 

  ,    

.          

 ,    –    *.  

 () ,

 (. 1 . 1059 ).

*  ,   «    »   , 

 «». , 

      ,   , .   

       ,  

        ,   

516

.

2548. , ,  

, 

     –      

, ), , ,  (. 1061 ).

     ,  ,  

   ,     ,   

,  ,     . 

:  ,

 ? 

,       ,   , 

 (. 223), .

2549.    ,     ,  

, .

 ,      ,    

* (. 2 . 1059 ). , ,

        

   ,  , 

;  –  . .) , ,   . 

  

.

* , 

, .

2550.        ,  

      *,  ,   ,

       , 

 ,         

  . 1060 ).   «»  

 –   ; , ,       

. , ,       

 ,  ,       

. ,         

      ,    

  . § 2 . XLVI ). 

 ,      

 –  (. . 2312-2315 ),

* , 

, .

2551.  (. 1058 )    

     . : ,   ,

 

 ,         

,  . 1, 2 . 1058). 

    ,    . 

    ,   ,   

 (. 4).

2552.         

      , 

    , 

. 

 ,  ,         , 

     (. 3 . 1058 ), , ,  

.

517

§ 8.  (. 2553 – 2561)

2553.    ,   

 , 

     .    

  (,

)          

    . ,   

       ,

 (, , . .)

, , , .

2554. 

 ,  , . ,  ,    –

   , , ,

      , , ,   , 

 ,       . .   

           .

          . 

   ,  ,   

 (. . 1735, 

     . ).     

, , 

  . . 191   *),    

  ,       

).

*    ,      ,  ,

  ,         .  

         

, . 

.

2555.    .  -

        

, * . . 3 . 13, . 2 . 14, . 4 . 16, . 2 .

17, . 26, . 1, 3 . 31 ; . 2 . 4, . 1, 3, 5 . 32, . 33, 38, . 1 . 45 

31  1991 .  2213-1 «»**),  – 

 *** (. 1, 2, 5 . 37, . 1 . 38, . 39, . 1 . 40, . 1 . 41, . 2 . 42 

). 

      ,   

  .         – 

, , 

   .   –    

,  – .

* .

** . 1991.  25. . 703.

***  – «».

2556.       ,    

, . 

,  20 % . 

     ,     ( ,

,   . .),        .

, , 

 (. 2 . 229 ).  , ,

 . 232).

2557.       ,  ,

     .  ,    ,

 .      

, , , ,   

   50 %  .    

  , . , 

 ,        

,    ,       

 (§ 13 . XXXI ; . 2 . 233 ).

2558.         ,   

   . 985 ).    ,  (1)

          

,  (2)          

,      . 

 ,      , , ,   

     , ,    .

, , 

, . 3

. 424 .

2559.        

     ,   ,     . . 12-19

 28  1989 .*, . 127-136 , . 341-350

).      ,    

     ,      , 

 . ,    ,  

, , .

* . 2001.  3. . 217.  17  1998 .  186- // . 1998.  51.

. 6268.  25  2000 .

2560.           

 .   *    

         . , 

, , 

, , **.

*            

 () .

** , .

2561. , . , 

, , , 

   .   ,   

, ,  

»   ,       ,  

 () .



.............................................................................................................................................................2

. .................................................................................................................................. 3

 I.  ................................................................................................................3

§ 1.  (. 1).......................................................................................................................................................3

§ 2.  (. 2 – 6)............................................................................................................................... 3

§ 3.  ()  (. 7 – 11).............................................................................................................5

§ 4. : ,  (. 12 – 18).................................................................... 6

§ 5.  (. 19 – 25)............................................................................. 7

 II. ......................................................................................................................................8

519

§ 1. , ,  (. 26 – 31).......................................................... 8

§ 2.  (. 32 – 40)................................................................................................................. 10

§ 3. ;  (. 41-48)............................................................... 12

§ 4.  (. 49-57)............................................................................ 14

§ 5.  (. 58 – 61).............................................................................. 15

§ 6.  (. 62, 63)................................................................................................................... 15

§ 7.  (. 64)........................................................................... 16

. ............................................................................................................. 16

 III. : , , , ................................. 16

§ 1.  (. 65, 66)....................................................................................... 16

§ 2.  (. 67)......................................................................... 17

§ 3.  (. 68, 69).................................................................. 17

§ 4.  (. 70-72).............................................................................................. 17

§ 5.  (. 73-78)...................................................................................................... 18

§ 6. :  (. 79 – 82)......................................................... 19

§ 7.  (. 83-86)......................................................................................................... 20

 IV.  ............................................................................................................. 20

§ 1. :  (. 87 – 90)................................................................................... 21

§ 2.  (. 91-95)...................................................................................................... 21

§ 3.  (. 96, 97)........................................................... 22

§ 4.  (. 98 – 104)........................................................ 22

§ 5. ,  (. 105 – 109)..................... 24

§ 6.  (. 110 – 112)................................................................................................................................ 25

§ 7.  (. 113-115)............................................................................................. 26

§ 8.  (. 116-118)............................................................................................. 26

§ 9.  (. 119, 120).............................................................................................................. 27

§ 10.  ( – )  (. 121, 122)............ 27

. ...................................................................................................... 27

 V.  () ..................................................................... 27

§ 1.  () (. 123-126)................................................................................................. 27

§ 2. : ,  (. 127 – 131).................................. 28

§ 3.  (. 132-135)..................................................................... 29

§ 4.  (. 136, 137)........................................................................................................... 29

§ 5.  (. 138 – 142)............................................................................................................................ 30

§ 6.  (. 143-148) ......................................................................................................................... 31

§ 7.  (. 149-155)................................................................................................................... 32

§ 8.  (. 156 – 158).................................................................................................................................... 33

§ 9.  (. 159-162)........................................................................................................................................... 33

§ 10.  (. 163-170)....................... 34

§ 11. ,  (. 171-175)

............................................................................................................................................................................................... 36

 VI. .............................................................. 36

§ 1.  (. 176-178)............................................................... 36

§ 2.  (. 179, 180)................................................. 37

§ 3.  (. 181-184)........................................................................................ 37

§ 4.  () (. 185, 186)

............................................................................................................................................................................................... 38

§ 5.  (. 187 – 192)............................................................................... 39

§ 6. .  (. 193-197).............. 40

§ 7.  () (. 198-

203)........................................................................................................................................................................................ 41

§ 8.  (. 204 – 208)........ 42

§ 9.  (. 209-215)........................................................... 43

§ 10. , 

 (. 216-220) .............................................................................................................. 44

§ 11.  (. 221-226)....................................... 45

 VII.  ......................................................... 46

§ 1.  (. 227, 228)............................................................ 46

§ 2.  (. 229-239).................................................................................................................... 46

§ 3.  (. 240-255) ........................................................................................................................... 48

§ 4.  (. 256 – 258)............................................................................................................. 51

§ 5.  (. 259-274).............................................................................................................................. 51

§ 6.  (. 275 – 281)................................................................................................................ 54

§ 7.  (. 282 – 284) .................................................................................................................. 55

§ 8.  (. 285-287) ...................................................................................................................... 56

§ 9.  (. 288-292)............................................................................................................................................................ 56

520

§ 10.  (. 293-296)............................................................................................................................................... 58

§ 11.  () (. 297-300)........................................................................... 58

 VIII. ........................................................... 59

§ 1.  (. 301 – 307)............................................ 59

§ 2.  (. 308-311)............. 61

§ 3.  (. 312 – 315)............................................ 61

§ 4.  (. 316 – 319).................................................. 62

§ 5.  (. 320, 321)................................................. 63

§ 6. , 

 (. 322 – 326)..................................................................................................................................................... 63

§ 7. ,  (. 327-331)...................... 64

§ 8. ,  (. 332 – 335) 65

§ 9. , , 

 (. 336 – 338)..................................................................................................................................................... 65

§ 10.  (. 339 – 341).............................. 66

.  ()  ....... 66

 IX.  ()....................................................................................................... 66

§ 1. :  (. 342 – 347)............................................. 66

§ 2.  ()  (. 348-353) .......................................................................................... 68

§ 3.  (. 354-358)........................................................................................................ 69

§ 4.  (. 359 – 362)................................................... 69

§ 5.  (. 363 – 367).................................................................................................................................. 70

§ 6.  (. 368-371)..................................................................................... 71

 X.  ..................................................................................................................72

§ 1.  (. 372, 373)........................................................................................... 72

§ 2.  (. 374 – 380)...................................................................................................... 72

§ 3.  (. 381)........................................................................ 74

§ 4.  (. 382-384)....... 74

§ 5.  (. 385-389).................................................................................................................................... 75

§ 6.  (. 390 – 393) .................................................. 76

§ 7.  (. 394, 395).................................................................................. 76

 XI.  ............... 77

§ 1.  (. 396-399)........................................................................................ 77

§ 2. , , ,

 (. 400-405)..................................................................................................................... 78

§ 3.  (. 406 – 411)................................................................................................. 79

§ 4.  (. 412, 413)...................................................................................... 80

§ 5.  (. 414-417)..................................................................................... 81

§ 6.  () (. 418-420)........................................................................ 81

§ 7.  (. 421-423) ............................................................................ 82

§ 8.  (. 424-426)........................................................................................ 82

§ 9.  (. 427-432)........................................................................................................ 83

 XII. ......................................................................... 84

§ 1.  (. 433, 434).......................................................................................................................................... 84

§ 2.  (. 435-437)................................................................. 85

§ 3.  (. 438-441)................................................................................................................. 85

§ 4. .  (. 442 – 444).................................................................... 86

§ 5.  (. 445-449)............................................................................................................................................ 87

§ 6. ,  (. 450-455)................................................................................. 87

§ 7.  (. 456-459)........................................................................................................ 89

§ 8. ,  (. 460-463)................................................................................. 89

§ 9.  (. 464-469)................................................................................................. 90

§ 10.  (. 470 – 473)..................................................................................................... 91

§ 11.  (. 474, 475) .......................................................................................................... 92

§ 12. ,  () (. 476-478)......................................................................... 93

§ 13.  () :  (. 479, 480)............................................................. 93

§ 14.  (. 481-488)........................................................................... 93

§ 15.  (. 489-491).................................................................................................................... 95

 XIII.  ()................................. 96

§ 1.  (. 492 – 494)............................................................................................................................. 96

§ 2.  (. 495).............................................................................................................................................. 97

§ 3.  () (. 496, 497)....................................................................................... 97

§ 4. .  (. 498-500).............................................................. 97

§ 5.  (. 501) ............................................................................................. 98

§ 6. . . .

 (. 502-505)............................................................................................................................... 98