Caballero B. (ed.) Encyclopaedia of Food Science, Food Technology and Nutrition. Ten-Volume Set
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Plate 31
C
itrus Fruit
s
M
o
d
e
l
t
h
erma
ll
y acce
l
erate
d
s
h
ort-t
i
m
e
evaporator.
C
ourtesy of FM
C
Food Tech
C
itrus
S
ystem,
C
atani
a
(
S
icily) Italy
.
Harvesting Fortune mandarins
f
or export i
n
S
pain
.
Plate 32
C
itrus Fruit
s
M
oroccan c
l
ement
i
ne export
s
i
n open 10-
k
g pac
k
ages
.
Plate 33
C
itrus Fruit
s
Plate 34
C
itrus Fruit
s
G
rapefruit are often borne i
n
clusters, like a small bunch o
f
grapes an
d
t
hi
s
h
as
b
ee
n
suggested as the origin o
f
th
e
f
ruits name
.
Plate 35
C
itrus Fruit
s
O
roblanco is a new low acid white-fleshe
d
hybrid grape
f
ruit
.
Plate 36
C
itrus Fruit
s
S
tar Ruby is a newer grapefruit cultivar wit
h
a deep red pigmented
f
lesh
.
Plate 37
C
oconut Pal
m
C
oconut palm
.
Plate 38
C
oconut Pal
m
In
f
lorescence
.
Plate 39
C
oronary Heart Diseas
e
Mechanisms in the initiation and progression o
f
atherosclerosis. Endothelial injury results
f
rom a variet
y
of factors such as smoking, high blood cholesterol and homocysteine, and ulceration of atherosclerotic plaques, etc.
(
see text
)
.
A
t t
h
e s
i
t
e
of endothelial injury, there is a downregulation of endothelial-derived nitric oxide (N
O
), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), and prostacycli
n
(P
GI
2
)
with increased adhesion of platelets and leukocytes, increased permeability to lipoproteins, and vasoconstriction. ADP, aden
o
s
i
n
e
diphosphate; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; PAF, platelet activating factor. From Lefkowitz RJ and Willerson JT
(
2001
)
Prospects
f
o
r
car
di
ovascu
l
ar researc
h
.
J
ournal o
f
the American Medical Associatio
n
285: 581-587 w
i
t
h
perm
i
ss
i
on
.
Plate 40
C
oronary Heart Disease
s
Possible effects of antioxidants in the atherogenic process.
C
E, cholesteryl ester;
CS
Fs, colony
-
stimulating factors; HDLox, oxidized HDL; L
C
AT, lecithin: cholesterol acyl transferase; LDLox, oxidized LDL; Lpox, oxidized li
p
oprote
i
ns
;
T
G
-Lp, triacyl
g
licerol-rich lipoproteins; E
C
, endothelial cells;
S
M
C
, smooth muscle cells
.