Ерус Е.С. All About Arts. Visual Art

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ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ОБРАЗОВАНИЮ

ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ

ВЫСШЕГО ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

«САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ

ЭКОНОМИКИ И ФИНАНСОВ»

ГУМАНИТАРНЫЙ ФАКУЛЬТЕТ

КАФЕДРА АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА И ПЕРЕВОДА

ALL ABOUT ARTS

VISUAL ART

УЧЕБНОЕ ПОСОБИЕ

Составитель Е.С. Ерус

ИЗДАТЕЛЬСТВО

САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА

ЭКОНОМИКИ И ФИНАНСОВ

2010

ББК 81.2Англ

Е 79

ALL ABOUT ARTS. VISUAL ART: Учебное пособие / Сост.:

Е.С. Ерус. – СПб.: Изд-во СПбГУЭФ, 2010. – с.

Учебное пособие предназначено для использования преподавателями

и студентами языковых факультетов на практических занятиях по английскому

языку по дисциплине «Практикум по культуре речевого общения первого

иностранного языка (английский)» в рамках изучения темы «Искусство

живописи».

Учебное пособие включает тексты и систему упражнений для отработки

навыков устной и письменной речи на продвинутом этапе, а также аудио- и

видеоматериалы; выполнено в русле межкультурного подхода и позволяет

студентам, наряду с усвоением обширного лексического материала, приобрести

знания о различных направлениях мировой живописи и искусстве в целом, их

особенностях и их значимости в современном мире.

Составитель канд. филол. наук, ст. преподаватель Е.С. Ерус

Рецензенты: канд. филол. наук А.Л. Троицкая

канд. филол. наук Е.В. Белоглазова

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ

UNIT 1 .............................................................................................................. 4

UNIT 2 .............................................................................................................. 8

UNIT 3 ............................................................................................................ 21

UNIT 4 ............................................................................................................ 25

UNIT 5 ............................................................................................................ 36

UNIT 6 ............................................................................................................ 48

UNIT 7 ............................................................................................................ 53

UNIT 8 ............................................................................................................ 56

UNIT 1

WHAT IS ART?

LEAD-IN

DISCUSSION

Discuss the following questions:

1. What do you think art is?

2. What is the purpose of art?

3. Is everything can be considered art?

4. What kinds of art do you know?

5. Is there any difference between art and a craft?

6. What kinds of visual art do you know?

7. Are you an art-lover? How often do you go to the museums and art

galleries?

READING 1

1. Read Text A and give your own definition of art:

Art as a human activity

All of human work can be divided into two parts: the arts and the science.

The sciences, in general, are those parts of human work that require

"knowledge". More specifically science requires observation (watching the

natural world), identification (separating and naming the parts of a naturally

occurring thing), description (using words to make a picture), experimentation

(trying to copy what occurs in nature to learn from it), and theoretical

explanation (forming a set of ideas, a theory, that accounts for the occurrence).

The arts on the contrary, are those areas of human endeavour that require

skill. Skill is a person's ability to work well with a part of his or her body. Skill

is a talent and technique. An artist is someone who does something well or

makes something well using hands and tools. Artistry is also a well-developed

skill in one area of manufacture. The word "manufacture" incidentally, once

meant "to make by hand". Everything that was not "natural" was artificial, that

is, made with tools through skill by hand.

Today the word art has a special meaning. Art is that which is beautiful; the

painting of skilled painters, for example, is enjoyed and appreciated by many

people.

Weaving rugs and tapestries is another art. Ceramic work is also arts; the

shapes, colours, and textures of bowls, vases, and pitchers make these clay

items beautiful to look at and enjoyable to use.

Human beings have always decorated their environments. A look back into

history shows that this is true. The walls of the caves (openings in the sides of

hills or mountains that were the first natural homes for people) were decorated

with paintings. Long before history was first written, people were gaining skill

at improving the appearance of their surroundings.

Another definition of art, therefore, is skilled production. If this definition of

art is correct, then there is art everywhere. The baker who makes tasty attractive

bread, cakes, and pies is an artist. The person who writes well is also an artist. The

writer's art is in his or her plays, short stories, or advertising. Furthermore, the

composer of music, an art form that is heard, not seen, is an artist.

Although there are many types of art, there are some basic principles in art

too. All kinds of art require the same general characteristics. The most important

characteristic of art is order. The elements, the separate parts of a work must be

arranged so that there's a pattern, a design. The form itself is important. A

pleasing shape and a balance are also necessary for art. Balance means the same

amount on each side. In art balance means that a painting or piece of weaving has

a continuous pattern, that a ceramic pot is well-formed, that the interesting parts

of a structure are found on both sides. Harmony and contrast are also essential

aspects of art. The parts of the art must fit together; each must have beauty in

itself and look attractive with the other parts. In a figure of a person sculpted out

of a large piece of stone the head and body must match; the parts of sculpture

must suit each other. The artist must carve appropriate sizes and forms into the

stone. Furthermore, the clothing and the base of the statue must be appropriate so

that the whole statue must be appreciated.

Art does something good for a human being. A beautiful thing is enjoyed,

felt, experienced. The appreciation of art results in a happier feeling and

increased understanding of people and the world. After reading a well-written

book or enjoying a well-presented play, a person feels inspiration to improve

his or her own circumstances because of the reminder that human beings have

many resources. In other words, art inspires the human spirit. Because of art,

people's lives are better. The painter, the sculptor, the musician, the writer, the

potter, the weaver, all the artists contribute to a better life for everyone.

COMPREHENSION

Give your answers to the questions:

1) What’s the difference between science and art?

2) What definitions of art does the author of the text suggest?

3) What are the most important characteristics of art? Why?

4) What’s the purpose of art according to the text?

Read Text B and answer the following questions:

1. What is the role of the artist in enlightening the people?

2. What influence does painting have on man?

The Picture of Dorian Grey

Oscar Wilde

The Preface

The artist is the creator of beautiful things.

To reveal art and conceal the artist is art's aim.

The critic is he who can translate into another manner or a new material his

impression of beautiful things.

The highest, as the lowest, form of criticism is a mode of autobiography.

Those who find ugly meanings in beautiful things are corrupt without being

charming. This is a fault. Those who find beautiful meanings in beautiful things

are the cultivated. For these there is hope. They are the elect to whom beautiful

things mean only Beauty. There is no such thing as a moral or an immoral

book. Books are well written, or badly written. That is all.

The nineteenth-century dislike of Realism is the rage of Caliban seeing his

own face in a glass. The nineteenth-century dislike of Romanticism is the rage

of Caliban not seeing his own face in a glass.

The moral life of man forms part of the subject-matter of the artist, but the

morality of art consists in the perfect use of an imperfect medium. No artist

desires to prove anything. Even things that are true can be proved.

No artist has ethical sympathies. An ethical sympathy in an artist is an

unpardonable mannerism of style.

No artist is ever morbid. The artist can express everything.

Thought and language are to the artist instruments of an art.

Vice and virtue are to the artist materials for an art.

From the point of view of form, the type of all the arts is the art of the

musician. From the point of view of feeling, the actor's craft is the type.

All art is at once surface and symbol. Those who go beneath the surface do

so at their peril. Those who read the symbol do so at their peril.

It is the spectator, and not life, that art really mirrors.

Diversity of opinion about a work of art shows that the work is new,

complex, and vital.

When critics disagree the artist is in accord with himself. We can forgive a

man for making a useful thing as long as he does not admire it. The only excuse

for making a useless thing is that one admires it intensely.

All art is quite useless.

COMPREHENSION

1. Answer the following questions:

1. What’s the art’s aim according to O. Wilde?

2. What does he compare the 19

century art with? Why?

3. What forms the subject-matter of the artist?

4. What qualities does the author consider indispensable for the artist?

5. What instruments and materials does the artist possess?

6. What does art reflect according to the author’s point of view?

7. Why does he come to the conclusion about the uselessness of art?

2. Look up the following terms at the dictionary and use them in sentences

of your own:

art classical antiquity scenery amateur canvas nuance

3. Use the words given below to form a word that fits in the gaps:

persuade after

famous heart

relation mystery

remark forgive

discover youth

The Picture o f Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde is a fantastic story written and

setin the 1890s. The hero, Dorian Gray is a handsome young man from an

aristocratic family. A (1) ________artist friend, Basil Hallward, gets a hesitant

Dorian to sit for his portrait. Seeing the final portrait upsets Dorian because he

knows that while he grows old the picture will always stay young.

(2) ________, he decides to keep the portrait hidden away, refusing to let

anyone else to look at it. Until now Dorian has retained a certain innocence but

this changes with the bad influence of the (3) ________ Lord Henry Wooton.

Dorian becomes cruel and (4) ________. He meets a pretty young actress,

Sybil Vane, who kills herself when Dorian ends their (5) ________. When

Dorian next looks at his portrait he notices that this cruelty has been (6)

_________transmitted to his portrait. Time goes by: even though ugly rumours

circulate about Dorian and his notorious behaviour he retains his (7) _________

good looks. Whenever he looks at his portrait it has become progressively more

repulsive. Eventually he decides to show it to Basil who is horrified at the

transformation. He urges Dorian to pray for (8) ________but instead Dorian

kills him. At last Dorian decides to destroy the portrait with a knife. No sooner

does he cut the canvas than his servants hear a terrible scream and make a

terrible (9) ________ . When they come into the room they discover their

master's portrait as handsome and (10) __________as it was originally

painted. By it lies a wrinkled and ugly old man. It is only when they examine

his rings that they find out who the creature is.

Read Text C and answer the questions following after it:

ART OR CRAFT?

Today, there is a lot of discussion about the meaning of the words art and

craft. Both are ways that people create new things. So, what is the difference

between them?

Basically, art expresses human ideas and experiences through painting,

drawing, sculpture, etc. Most artists take formal classes for many years at art

academies. Every piece they make is completely different. Their work is sold

for high prices, and can be seen in galleries and museums.

A craft is a way of making beautiful objects by hand, often in a traditional

way. Each country and culture has its own unique crafts, such as weaving,

woodworking, and pottery. People generally learn to do a craft by working

individually with an experienced craftsperson, or they may learn it from older

members of their family.

Sometimes it's difficult to say what an art is, or what a craft is. If someone

paints a mural of animals on the side of a building, is that art? If someone

makes a bowl so beautiful that it is put in a museum, is that a craft? Questions

like these are hard to answer, but both artists and craftspeople bring joy and

beauty to die world.

1. What traditional crafts are still made in Russia? Which parts of the

country do they come from?

2. Is there a place to buy traditional crafts in Saint-Petersburg?

3. In Russia, is it easy for an artist or craftsperson to make a living? Why

or why not?

4. ART QUIZ

With a partner, take this art quiz.

1. The largest art museum in the world, with 24 km of galleries, is . . .

a. the Louvre, in Paris b. the Metropolitan Museum, in New York

c. the Hermitage, in St. Petersburg

2. The most active artist ever, who painted 13,500 paintings, was . . .

a. Picasso b. Da Vinci c. Van Gogh

3. The oldest painting in the world, on the wall of a cave, is in . . .

a. Nigeria b. Peru c. France

4. The costliest painting in the world, the Mona Lisa, was insured for. . .

a. $83 million b. $100 million c. $117 million

5. The most expensive drawing in the world, which sold for $8.6 million, was

made by . . .

a. Michelangelo b. Van Gogh c. Rembrandt

UNIT 2

VISUAL ART

LEAD-IN

Discuss the questions:

1. What is visual art?

2. What types of visual art do you enjoy?

3. What methods, if any, have been used to teach you to create or appreciate art?

4. What is the difference between "heritage" and an inheritance'?

LISTENING

Listen to ‘Painter’s Song’ by Nora Jones and answer the questions:

1) Why does Nora want to be a painter?

2) Why does she choose to be exactly a painter?

3) What impression does the song make on you?

4) What kind of picture do you imagine while listening to the song? Describe it

in details.

5) If you were a painter what song would you choose and what would paint

while listening?

TOPICAL VOCABULARY

Art: to practice an art; abstract art; classical art; modern art; primitive art; graphic

art; plastic arts; art school; Art Nouveau; antique art; folk art; decorative art;

applied art; art of building; art castings; Graphic (black-and-white) art; art is long,

life is short; Fine Arts; (the) Academy of Arts; pictorial art.

Artists: master; old masters; moderns; painter; artist; landscape painter; portrait

painter (portraitist); painter of seascapes; still life painter; pastel(l)ist (pastel

painter); black-and-white artist (a painter in black-and-white); colourist; dauber;

draughtsman (draftsman); art dealer; colour-man; art-lover; art-worker.

Painters and their craft: a fashionable/self-taught/mature artist, to paint from

nature/memory/ imagination, to paint mythological/historical subjects, to

specialize in portraiture/still life, to portray people/emotions with moving