
,10; 
t*h 
: 
1,02, 
rrpu 
AJTHHHoM 
-
lli 
orveqeuu 
yrorrHeHHbre 
Hanpft)Ke-
cr{eTHbIX 
Hanpfl}KeHHfX 
HMeeT 
MecTo
rrox(eHHa 
nos6yxAaroqero 
ycwrrr4n.
oBepxHocTHoM 
CJrOe 
CTeKJrOnJracTHKa
pacnpeAe./leHbl 
HepaBHoMepHo 
no 
uHprane 
o6pa3rla, 
B 
cBfl3l.r 
c 
rreM 
y,rH-
TblBaJrocb 
vrx 
MaKcHMa"rIbHoe 
3HaqeHae. 
Cneayer, 
oAHaKo, 
LrMerb 
B 
BHAy,
tITo 
rpaAHeHT 
Hatlpt{}Keuuft 
wo>xer 
B 
npo[ecce 
Hcrtwrasuft 
yMeHbu1arbcfl,
cHI{X{afl 
TeM 
Car\,{brM 
pacqeTHyro 
IIoI]paBKy.
Snropa 
pacnpeAeJleHHfl 
HanprrlKenua 
n6 
Bbrcore 
rorepeqHofo 
ceqe-
Hun 
o6pa3ua 
ne.qnuefirra 
l4l 
14 
saBHcHr 
or 
4eQopuaqufi 
cABHra 
tl2li.
B 
naulonee 
ue6naronpasrHoM 
c,ryqae, 
KorAa 
nepepe3brBarcrrl2e 
cHJrbI
MaKcHMa/lbHbI, 
pocJ^l-topMaJlbHbrx 
Hanpflx{eunfi 
no 
yKa3aHuofi 
npuvrzHe
cocraBJrrJr 
owono 
2% 
.
Taxuu 
o6pasona, 
ecJIH 
y.{ecrn 
cAe,irraHHbre 
Bbrue 
nonpaBKg, 
To pac-
rIeTHbIe 
HOpMa/lbHble 
HaIIps]KeHHf 
B 
noBepxHocTHbIX 
CJIOfl 
X CTeKJrOnJrac-
THKa 
6yryr 
BbIIUe 
HoMHHa"rIbHbrx, 
Hcfiorb3oBaHHbrx 
npa 
nocrpoeHqg
KpH_BIIX ycraJlocrr, 
Ha 
12% 
Q<oporl{oe 
nnevo) 
usa 
3o/o 
(inunuoe 
n"neuo).
Ha 
puc. 
45 
npHBeAeHbr 
r{pHBbre 
ycraJrocru 
(s 
u 4)'c 
yqeroM 
norpa-
BoK 
Ha Hanpflx(eHHe 
npH 
HcnbrraHHH 
coorBercrBeHHo 
c 
MaJrbrMt4 
H 
6ont-
IUHMH 
nepepesblBarcIqHMll 
cHJIaMH. 
3rH 
KpHBbre 
pacno/ro)KeHbr 
6,nuxe
Apyr 
K 
Apyfy, 
seM HcxoAHble. 
OAsaxo 
ocraloqeecfl 
pacxo)KAeHne 
Bce 
)Ke
AocraroqHo 
BCJIHKo, 
tlro6rt 
efo  Mox(Ho 
6srno 
He 
yqr,ITbtBarb. 
Paccuor-
pHM 
B CBfl3H 
C 
sTHM 
BJIHflHHe 
reMfieparypbr 
H 
HaKo[JreHHfl 
ycra/rocrHbrx
rloBpex(Aeuufi 
Ha HSMeHeHHe 
HeKoropbrx 
xapaKTepHcrHK 
creK/ronr 
acr4-
Ka 
B 
npoqecce 
rrcntrrannli.
BosleficrBue 
cABHroBoro 
4eQopnaHpoBaHr.rfl 
rla 
Hanpfl)KeHHoe 
co-
cror'HKe 
c'reK.fionracrrKa 
npoflB/rflercfl 
TeM 
cu"rybHee, 
qeM 
6onuure 
MeHfl-
ercfl 
orIIoueHHe 
MoAyJIeilr 
ElG. 
I-lpH 
IIHK/tHqecKoM 
rrarpylKerrHH 
er2 
Mo-
/{yJItl 
H3l\'leHtlorce 
BcreAcTBHe 
roBbrrueHHfl 
TeMfieparypbr 
n 
yBeJrwteHnfl
IIoBp 
elKAeH 
HocrH 
creK.[olJla 
crH 
Ka. 
H a6nrola 
ewufi.cn 
pocr 
reM 
rep 
arypbr
3a 
ocHoBuor? 
nepuoA 
Harpyx(eHHf (900/o 
or 
Ao/rfoBeqHocrr.r 
N) 
bociin-
JIflJI 
20-40" 
C, 
qro 
Bbt3blBa"rto 
H3MeHeHHe 
orHoruelr4fl, 
EIG 
ie 
6o.nee
rIeM 
Ha 
l0-20 
% 
.-CoorBercrBytou{afl 
rronpaBKa 
B BeJruqrrHe 
HopMa"rbHo-
I'O Haflpf 
MeHHfl 
6sna 
He3Har{HTeJrbHa, 
T. 
e. c/reAyer 
cqt4Tarb, 
rrro 
Bn]Hfl-
lIIrAl\,  ll11azqtlLtl.\nr\  nnDLrrr16rryr-  Tnrfn
.rrrvrvr 
J 
r\qJqrrrrvr 
v  rrvDDruL,nrr.-r 
rErYrrrtr:pcl 
I 
ypDl 
Ha1 
Mal1UnMall 
bHble 
Ha[rpt-
)KeHf'cfl 
B 
paccMarpHBaeMbrx 
onbrrax 
MoxHo 
npene6peus.
floAo6ur'tti 
nrtao4 
MoxHo 
raKX{e 
cAeJrarb 
Ha 
ocHoBaHHH 
pe3y/rbraroB
rrcnbrraHufi 
npH 
roHHX{eHHbrX 
HopMa/rbHbrx 
Harpflx{eHHsx.'B 
srHX 
yC-
JIoBI'Irx 
pa3orpeB 
6un 
se6oJIbtrIHM, 
reM 
He MeHee 
conporuBfleHr,re ycra-
Jrocrr.t 
yMeHbuaJrocb 
npH 
yBeJrHqeHHH 
KacarerbHbrx 
HanpnxeHHli
Heo6xoAHMo, 
o.AHaKo, 
yqecrb, 
r{To 
roKa,flbHbre 
r-reperpeBbl 
B 
Mecrax
HapyuleHHt 
cBe3efi 
nex4y 
BoJIoKHaMu 
14 
cuonofi 
ra n 
bepilnHax 
MHKpo.
TpeIqHH 
Bblule 
cpeAHe.ro 
noBblueHufl 
TeMneparypbr 
Bcero 
o6reiua 
Mare-
ll8
paana 
[321, 
rrogroMy 
B 
orAe/rbnbrx 
naHxpoo6beMax 
noBpex(Aaroqee
AeficreHe 
paccMarpHBaeMbrx 
KacareJlbHbrx 
HanpnxeHufi 
6onee 
3Har{H-
TC.NbIIO, 
OAHAKO 
KOJIHqCCTBCHHO 
OUCHHTb 
CfO B HACTO'IqHX 
ONHTAX 
HE
IIpeACTaBJrfl JrOCb 
BO3MOX(HbrM.
PaccrraotpHn,l 
oco6eHHocru 
KuHeTHKr,r 
HaKo[JreHHf 
[oBpe]KAeHufi
B 
creKJlonracrHKax B 
cBfl3H c eogAerlcrBHeM KacareJrbHbrx 
HanpnxeuHri.
B 
MaKpoMacura6e noBpex(AeHnfl 
npv 
qt4Kflr4r{ecKoM 
Harpyx{eHuu
HaKanJrvBarorcr KaK B noBepxHocrHbrx 
cJrorrx, 
rA€ 
4efrcrnyror 
HopMaJrb-
Hbte Hanpfl>KeHnfl,, TaK H 
Bo BHyTpeHHr.rx, 
rAe 
3FIaqHTeJIbHoe eoaAeticrgHe
\--<
\r\
..2
\
HbIx 
[oBpexqeHnli 
Aaer 
pnc. 
46, 
pnc. 
46. 3aeprc'r.rocrb 
H3MeHeHH, 
cBero-
fAe 
IIOKa3aHa 
3aBHCHMOCTb 
H3Me- 
nponycKaHHfl creKJronJracTuKa 
01 
xapaK-
HeHHfl 
4uQQysuoro 
cBeroflpoflyc- 
repa 
pa3pyueHHq 
rrpH 
IrHKrrHqecKoM 
KoH-
KaHr4fl 
O 
iiexfionJracr,Ka 
or 
q,c_ 
corrbHoM r{srH6e:
rra 
qHK.rroB 
HarpylK 
enuri 
n. 
Vneuu- 
I;.'r,;-oi'"0".t?,i,T1", 
T"f;'.fJffi'",,i""PF8pnX:
rxeHHe 
cBeTonponycKaHHfl 
TecHo 
#til8JllrcM 
c,q8l{ra 
s6nusu 
uellrpa.nuuoil
cBfl3aHO C 
paCCeflHHbrM 
HaKOrrJIe-
HHeM 
.neQexron, 
T. 
€. 
Mox{er 
cJryxuTb nor(a3areJreM 
noBpexner{Hocrn
cTeK,[onracTvKa.
llp, 
pa3pyrreHHH 
or 
HopMaJrbHbrx 
HarrpqxeHfifi, 
KorAa 
noBpoKAeHHe
rlocreneHHo 
pacnpocrpaHrJlocb 
Ha Becb 
o6teiu 
Marepua;ra, 
cBerorrpo-
ilycr(aHHe 
yMeHbrrjaJrocb 
B 
HecKo/rbKo 
pa3 
(rpanlre 
I  u 
2 
- 
coorBer-
crBeHHo 
MaJrbre n 
6onrurne  Kacare"[bHbre 
Harpfl)Kenraa). 
flpu  paepyllIe-
HHI4 or cABHra [oBpexueHl..Iq 
noBepxHocrHbrx 
Bo/roKoH 
6rtnu 
He6onouu-
[tU  D  nDCDIf  n  lrArt  rr  n4  n^ltltd  ntt^Tnn^n  nltn  rt^  -r..^  -^ 
()n 
Of\O/
(Yrrf 
r 
D 
uD^rrr  u  a\-lYl  rl 
llctA\tflrlE 
L.ofvr\,llIP\JrrJ\-I\4f1fl)l 
fltr  IfPtrlJDIUJaJLU 
LV-OV70
(xpunan 
3).
Ecnn 
npoqHocrb 
Ha 
cABHr 
creKJlorrJracrnKa 
6rr.na 
AocrarorrHo 
Bblco-
mofi, To 
HaKonreHne 
[oBpe]KAenuli 
B 
Hapy]r(Hbrx 
cJroflx 
urno 
6ulcrpee,
qeM 
Bo BHyrpeHHHx, 
vt 
pa3pyueHHe 
Ha'urHailocb 
c 
rroBepxHocru. 
O4saxo
H 
B sToM cflyqae eosAeficrBue 
KaqareJlbHbrx 
HanpflxenHfi 
He 
Mop"rro 
r{e
EblsblBarb MHKpopaspyueHuft 
cpeguHHbrx 
cJroeB, 
qro 
Ao.[x(uo 
6urno 
oKa-
sbtBarb 
Bnunune 
Ha  nepepacnpeAeJreHue 
HopMaJrbHbrx 
Harrpfl)r(en:f*ft,
yMeHbueHHe 
cBeronpo[ycKaHr4r 
H 
AOflfOBeqHOCTb.
lle