294, 297, 303, 312, 314–16, 333, 342,
345; Destin de Paris, 295, 309
Lefebvre, Henri, 9, 15, 96, 165, 167; back-
ground, 176–77; Critique of Everyday
Life, 177–79, 188; social thought, 177–79
Lemarque, Francis, 40, 248; background,
250; music, 84–85, 231, 249–50
Lettres françaises, Les, 6, 67, 71, 79, 108, 163,
213, 234; avant-garde, 252; origins, 164
lettrist movement, 188–92, 201, 251, 282;
dérive, 190–93, 196; The Naked City,
193, 196; Naked Lips, 191; Potlatch, 196;
psychogeography and urbanism, 193,
196, 198. See also situationism
Liberation, 9–11, 13–15, 21, 32, 37, 79, 183,
205, 207; and avant-garde, 162–63, 188,
192, 209, 228; commemoration and
street naming, 98–105, 130; and com-
munist party, 108, 116, 243; description
of, 5, 25–27, 30, 35, 43–44, 80, 86, 89;
in film and television, 209–10, 220, 222,
227–28, 237; and humanism, 165–66,
169, 176–77, 184, 227, 344; memory of,
62, 106, 154, 161, 261; municipal power,
112–14; street marches, 115–19, 129; ur-
banism, 300–301, 304, 309, 336; youth,
241, 243, 245, 247, 271
Lopez, Raymond, 239, 312, 314–15, 321,
323, 342; background, 313; rocade Lopez,
317–18
Lotar, Eli, 235, 238
magical urbanism, 97, 103, 105, 112, 142,
145, 313, 340, 347
Malet, Léo, 188, 202–3, 217, 234, 328;
background, 193–94, 256; Saint-Ger-
main-des-Prés, 256; urban thought,
195–96, 198, 200. See also Nouveaux
mystères de Paris, Les (1953–59)
Marais, 37, 56, 63, 173, 182, 191, 308, 327–
40; Festival of the Marais, 339
Marshall Plan, 44, 50, 122, 138, 290
Marxism, 15, 164–65, 192; and humanism,
176–78
May Day, 14, 30, 77, 81, 87; street marches,
116–19, 126, 138, 153, 288
Ménilmontant, 2, 43, 51, 53, 63, 66, 70, 77,
84, 322; and communist party, 112–13;
in film, 215, 238
Mestais, René, 180, 298–99, 302–3, 330
Métro, 3, 6, 9–10, 71, 82, 86, 99, 101, 140,
196, 201, 204, 244–45, 266, 309; in film,
211, 228, 230; housing crisis, 140; pro-
tests, 161; and Ridgway riots, 124–25;
symbolism, 39, 42, 125, 211
Ministère de la Reconstruction et de l'Ur-
banisme (MRU), 59, 175, 184, 289–90;
housing crisis, 131, 133–34, 137–38,
143; origins, 292, 300–301; planning
Paris, 302, 305–6, 309–10
Monde, Le, 20, 41, 140, 260, 268
mônome du bac (rag parade), 116, 192; ori-
gins, 274; as student protest, 275–76,
281–83; and wartime resistance, 244, 275
Montand, Yves, 34, 40, 88, 96, 108, 227,
259; background, 229, 249–50; music,
73, 84–85, 229, 231, 286; Les Portes de la
Nuit, 228–30
Montmartre, 42, 52, 66, 74, 77, 86, 92, 146,
170, 182, 215, 247, 249
Montparnasse, 28, 42, 61, 71, 89–90, 161,
163, 242, 246, 313, 316, 342
Mouffetard, rue ("la Mouff"), 47, 53, 63, 173,
272, 290; in film, 215–16, 269; protests,
158, 161, 288; on television, 219, 223
Mounier, Emmanuel, 164, 184, 252. See
also Esprit
Mouvement pour le triomphe des libertés
démocratiques (MTLD), 152–54, 156
Mouvement républicain populaire (MRP),
138, 301–2
municipal council: communists, 115, 268,
301–2, 307, 309, 338; conflict with state,
34, 135, 301, 305, 307–8, 311, 313,
320–21, 324–25; housing, 145, 318;
planning debates, 184, 241, 308–12,
314–15, 324–25, 338; powers, 22, 101,
113–14, 301; urban policy, 38, 46, 88–
89, 101, 103–4, 130, 156; youth, 243,
267, 282, 286
Mur des Fédérés, 30, 82, 117
music, 274; accordion, 28, 82, 84–86, 89,
91, 98, 228, 258; amateur, 81–82, 84–
86, 90–92, 220, 258; bals musettes and
guinguettes, 85–86, 150; bebop, 86, 245,
248, 251, 253; jazz, 31, 86, 245, 247–48,
251, 253–54, 257, 259–61, 265, 272;
meaning of, 36, 68, 81, 83, 85, 88; musi-
cal festivities, 34–36, 81–82, 88–92, 98,
103–4, 218, 245; rock 'n' roll, 220, 248,
265; street singers, 19, 81–83; swing, 86,
135, 244–45; yé-yé, 248–49