Alex Hughes. Encyclopedia of Contemporary French Culture
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578 Index
Breton language 322
Brialy, Jean-Claude 81
Briand, Aristide 420
Brinon, Fernand de 338
Brisson, Pierre 212
British culture see Anglo-Saxon culture
Brittany 92, 214, 215, 278, 455, 456, 461
see also Breton language; regional writing,
Breton
broadcasting 131, 402
see also radio; television
Broch, Hermann 123
Brook, Peter 81–2, 91, 133, 158, 372, 373,
521, 522
theatre productions 42, 43, 47, 81–2, 91, 555
Brossard, Nicole 558
Bruant, Aristide 462
Bruller, Jean 374
Brumachon, Claude 103
Brussels: MUDRA dance school 102
Bryen, Camille 32, 82
BSE see bovine spongiform encephalopathy
Büchner, Georg 427
Buffet, Bernard 82–3, 405
buildings see architecture
Bulgaria 315
Bülher, Michel 234
Buñuel, Luis 81, 91, 111, 150, 491
Buraglio, Pierre 407
Buren, Daniel 29, 83
Burgundy: wine 7, 556, 557
Butor, Michel 83–4, 374, 396
Buttes-Chaumont Studios 107
Buyens, Frans 221
cable and satellite television 85, 183, 240, 518,
519–20, 522, 539, 549
Cabrel, Francis 85, 385, 456, 500
Caen: jazz centre 456
café theatre 45, 85–6, 151, 432, 563
café-concert 86, 384, 386, 499, 536
Cage, John 75, 123
Cahiers de mai 328
Cahiers du cinéma 53, 86–7, 104, 321, 347, 398
and auterism 54, 463
criticism of cinéma de qualité 38, 104, 106,
113, 538
and Truffaut 38, 106, 538
writers 140, 273, 470
Cahiers du féminisme, Les 205, 206
Cahiers du grif, Les 332
Caillois, Roger 51
Cain, James 546
Calder, Alexander 29
Calderón de la Barca, Pedro 395, 427, 550
Calouches 415–16
Calvez, Jean-Yves 359
Calvino, Italo 403
Cambodia: colonialism 379
Cameroon: writings on 151
Camus, Albert 87–9, 97, 228, 425, 447, 481,
491
existentialism 15, 192, 193
fiction 491
journalism 195
plays 76, 194, 194–5, 528, 529
quarrel with Sartre 88, 89, 193, 482
studies of 49
Camus, Renaud 89, 188, 264, 265, 266, 267
Canal Plus 57, 89, 239, 240, 282, 518, 520
Canard enhaîné, Le 89–90
Cane, Louis 513
Canetti, Jacques 546
Canguilhem, George 360
Cannes Film Festival 3, 43, 114, 222
Cantal-Dupart, Michel 512
Capa, Robert 421
Capogrossi, Giuseppe 32
Capri, Agnès 441
Carax, Léos 71, 90, 105, 275
Carco, Francis 132
Cardin, Pierre 90, 200–1
Cardinal, Marie 90–1, 326, 565–6
Caribbean
ethnography 331
music 500
short fiction 492
writing 243–4
Carlos and his band 234
Carné, Marcel 47, 91, 104, 144, 262, 373, 550
Carpentras: desecration of Jewish graves 450
Carrère, Claude 491
Carrière, Jean-Claude 82, 91
cars: travel 535–6
Carson, Rachel 277
Carte de séjour 67, 91, 300, 473
Cartel directors 47, 158, 522
Carter, Elliott 122
579Index
Cartier-Bresson, Henri 91, 201, 421, 422
Cartland, Barbara 474
cartoons and cartoonists 66–7, 98, 116–19,
292, 348
see also animation
Cartoucherie, Vincennes 115, 525–6
Casadesus, Jean-Claude 456
Casarès, Maria 91
Cassavetes, John 105
Castermann (publisher) 116
Castro, Fidel 120, 193
Castro, Roland 512
Cathelat, Bernard 4
Catholicism 92–3, 94–5
cultural movements 112
and Marxist thought 359, 360
and music 122, 370
new philosophers 394
newspapers 128, 389
opponents to Church 212, 261
politicians 375, 376, 377, 560
schools 178, 179
and women 560
writers 254, 306, 429
Caubère, Philippe 95
Cause du Peuple, La 328
Causse, Michèle 558
Caute, David 199, 364
Cavaillès, Jean 360
Cavanna, François 98
Celan, Paul 308
Céline, Louis Ferdinand (Louis Destouches) 132,
344, 470, 495, 517
Cendrars, Blaise 249, 250
censorship
journalism 345
laws 187, 345–6
libraries 339
pornography 435
stands against 90, 119, 340
see also film, censorship; literary censorship
Centre D’Études Féminines 209
Centre National de la Bande Dessinée et de
l’Image 116
Centres Dramatiques Nationaux et Régionaux
53, 522, 528, 555
ceramics 163, 424, 426
Cerdan, Marcel 423
Cerruti, fashion house 201
Certeau, Michel de 39, 95
Césaire, Aimé 95–6, 142, 199, 244, 415, 417,
428–9, 430, 529
Cévennes region: Protestantism 93
Cézanne, Paul 425
Chabal, Pierre 262
Chaban-Delmas, Jacques 96, 100, 147, 433, 503
Chabrol, Claude 55, 81, 87, 96, 104, 113,
288, 344, 398, 473, 538
Chad: intervention in conflict (1984) 145
Chagall, Marc 96, 351
Chalem, Denise 97
Chamoiseau, Patrick 243, 244
Champagne
agriculture 7
wine 556, 557
Chandler, Raymond 155
Chanel, Coco 97
fashion house 200–1, 201
Change 347
Chaplin, Charlie 521
Chaplin, Geraldine 107
Char, René 75, 97, 123, 164, 193, 428–9, 430
Chardonne, Jacques 289
Charef, Mehdi 64–5, 68, 69, 97–8, 300
Charlie Hebdo 98
Charpentier, Pascal 234
Chartreux, Bernard 98, 306
Chatiliez, Étienne 111
Chawaf, Chantal 97–8, 172–3, 382, 565–6
Chazal, Malcolm de 245, 247
Chechnick, Jeremiah 114
Chedid, Andrée 429, 431
Chekhov, Anton: Platonov 99
Chemetov, Paul 21, 23, 62
Chéreau, Patrice 99, 262, 314, 418, 428, 552
films 3, 38, 105, 263
theatre 42, 91, 154, 158, 159, 227, 314, 523,
524
Chérie FM 451
Chernobyl disaster 278
Chessex, Jacques 250
Chevalier, Maurice 99–100, 375, 381, 417, 499,
536
Chevènement, Jean-Pierre 191, 413
Cheynet, Anne 246
Chibane, Malik 65
child care 100, 184, 561
Child, Loudolf 137
580 Index
China 208, 482
Cultural Revolution 347
Maoism 316, 360, 517
Chirac, Jacques 96, 100–1, 126, 203, 213, 331,
410, 413, 433
building projects 23, 24, 62
comments on the electronic revolution 181,
182
cultural policy 34, 518, 524
and French dependencies 415, 416
governments 45, 130, 169–70, 191, 216, 309,
350, 392–3, 411–12, 417
immigration policy 293–4
and Mitterrand 271, 378
choreographers 42, 101–3, 137–8, 138–9, 140
Chotard, Loïc 265
Chraïbi, Driss 247, 248
Chrétien, Jean-Louis 429
Christian CFTC 540
Christianity
criticism of 88
and existentialism 193
painting 475
poetry 458
radio 452
Rosicrucianism 312, 313
and secularism 300
and structuralism 510
see also Catholicism; Protestantism
Christie, Agatha 155
Christin 118
Christo 30, 103, 407, 487
churches
architecture 19
see also religion
cigarettes 5, 10–11
cinema 103–6, 372, 388
advertising 4
attendance 571
awards 38, 53, 55, 61, 71, 72, 73, 113, 115,
151, 222, 274, 275, 351, 355, 463, 488,
516
comic strips 117
documentaries 61, 64, 159–60, 192, 221,
273, 311, 401–2, 466, 475, 562
effect on music halls 386
effect on press and publishing 447
effects of Occupation 104, 160, 463
experimental and avant-garde 59, 262, 426
and fashion 200, 201
Forum des Halles genre 105
funding 34, 103, 104
Hollywood 344, 463, 538
influence on choreography 102
mime 47
psychological realism 106
silent film 499
Surrealism 32, 103
and television 105, 219
theory and aesthetics 53–4, 87, 147, 272–5,
371, 383
see also beur cinema; cinéma de banlieue;
cinéma de qualité; film; francophone
cinema; gay cinema; Nouvelle Vague; stars
cinéma de banlieue 64, 65–6, 105, 106, 512
cinéma de qualité 41, 104, 105, 106–7, 273, 538
cinéma vérité 160, 475
cinemas: access to 112
Cinémathèque
Belgium 221
Paris 87, 112, 273, 321
Cinq, La 33, 107, 240, 518, 519
Cirque du Soleil 108
CIRT (Centre International de Recherches
Théâtrales) 81, 82
civil rights 108–9, 356, 365, 399
Cixous, Hélène 109–11, 297, 308, 316, 326
feminist thought 39, 113, 171, 172, 207,
209, 210, 439–40, 565–6
The Laugh of the Medusa 206, 209
lesbian writing 188
plays 62, 159, 379, 491, 523, 526
Clair, René 104
class 6, 54, 111–13
and film 274, 463, 550
portrayal in arts and literature 111–12
sociology 533
struggle 14, 106, 111, 468
theory 77, 276
Claudel, Paul 47, 133, 307, 420, 527, 550, 552
Claveau, André 191
Clavel, Maurice 394
Clavier, Christian 432
Clément, Catherine 113, 210, 445
Clément, René 104, 106, 113, 536
Clergue, Lucien 422
Clio: histoire, femmes et société 206
Clos, Max 213
581Index
Clouzot, Henri-Georges 47, 113–14, 344, 426
Cocteau, Jean 268, 289, 423
films 201, 262
music and theatre 102, 121
writing 264, 430
cohabitation see marriage/cohabitation
Cohen, Albert 249
Cohen, Leonard 214
Cohn-Bendit, Daniel 114, 268, 365
Colas, Alain 555
Cold War 26, 56, 143, 216, 254, 327, 390–1,
394, 409, 410, 426
Colette 344, 491, 567
Colin, Paul 291
Collard, Cyril 114, 262, 267
Savage Nights (Les Nuits fauves) 114, 263,
266
Collard-Bovy, Pierre 234
collective creation 76, 114–15, 135, 158–9, 310,
320, 379, 418, 523, 525
Collège de Pataphysique 403, 546
Colling, Daniel 384
Colombani, Jean-Marie 381
colonialism 120, 141, 193, 376
Algeria 69, 109, 141, 199
Indochina 120, 142–3, 157, 193
Colonna (fashion house) 202
Colucci, Véronique 467
Coluche 63, 86, 112, 115–16, 120, 398, 467,
570
Combat 49
Combat Syndicaliste, Le 328
Comédie de Caen 63
Comédie-Française 15, 47, 91, 116, 286, 323,
419, 462, 522, 528, 529, 530, 552, 553
comedy 43, 112, 115–16
comic strips (bandes dessinées) 66–7, 112,
116–19, 130, 320, 570
committed literature 119–20, 193, 346, 482, 521
Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) 7, 8, 190
Communications 49, 347
communications
service industry 489
technology 131
Communism
cultural movements and supporters 112, 193,
211, 517, 552–3
decline and collapse 28, 251, 288, 356, 361,
391, 411
divisions 216
and feminism 206
iconography 290–1
international movement 358–9
and Marxism 358–9, 360, 361
and nationalization 392
newspapers 389
opponents 27, 394, 548
Soviet Union 193, 359, 360
unions 540
see also Eurocommunism
Communist Party, France (PCF) 114, 116, 169,
258, 358, 360, 409, 411, 413
artists, writers and intellectuals 13, 14, 38,
95, 164, 251, 254, 325–6, 327, 330, 347,
359, 362, 380, 383, 405, 426, 475, 476
decline 361, 414
and European Union 191
government policy 169
and May 1968 328, 349, 468
newspapers 287–8
politicians 356, 532
and socialist realism 112
Comolli, Jean-Louis 87
Comores: writing 247
Compagnons de la chanson, Les 120–1, 423,
500, 537
Companeez, Nina 562
companies see multinational companies
computers
effect on press and publishing 447
games 130
Internet 182
see also electronic revolution
concerts 42, 303–4
North African music 67–8
orchestral 75, 121–4
radio 219–20
songs 78–9
see also café-concert
Condé, Maryse 243, 244
Condé Nast, William 553
Confédération Générale du Travail (CGT) 540
Confiant, Raphaël 243, 243–4
Conort, Benoit 429
Conseil Supérieur de l’Audiovisuel (CSA) 5, 68
conservation
training 128, 129
zones 124, 129, 352, 355, 464
582 Index
Constantine, Eddie 43
constitution
Fifth Republic 108, 124–6, 258, 370, 376
Fourth Republic 37, 108, 258
Constructivism: sculpture 485, 486
consumerism 4, 52, 64, 436, 570
contraception see abortion and contraception
Contre-Attaque movement 51
Copeau theatre 47, 48, 140, 158, 373, 523, 529
Copi 126
Cordières, Jules 107
Córdoba: music 235
Cormann, Enzo 126–7
Corneau, Alain 355
Corneille, Pierre 161, 502
Corsica 108, 455, 461
Corsican language 322
Costa-Gavras 537
Cotta, Michèle 195, 519
Coubertin, Pierre de 502
Coudray, Jean-Daniel 231
Cour d’Honneur: Palais des Papes 42
Courbet, Gustave 45
Courtine, Robert 256
Cousin, Gabriel 127
The Cousins 234
Cousse, Raymond 127
Cousteau, Jacques 160
Coutard, Raoul 273
Couturier, Paul-Vaillant 512
Couve de Murville, Maurice 367
CPNT (Chasse, Pêche, Nature, Traditions) 278,
279
Craddock, Fanny 401
Crédit Lyonnais 392, 393
Creole
language and culture 225, 232–3, 245, 416
literature 243, 244, 245, 246
theatre 226
Crépax, Guido 117
Cresson, Édith 127–8, 320, 378
Créteil: film festival 43
Crevel, René 267
Creys-Malville: nuclear reactor 399
criticism and critical theory 38, 49–50, 72, 74,
83–4, 161, 270–1, 469, 566–7
art 28–9, 164, 217, 404, 431
film 53–4, 87, 104, 140, 272–5
see also literary criticism; literary theory
Critique 49, 51, 346, 374
Croix, La 128, 389
Crozier, Michel 128, 366
Cuba 120, 193, 353, 482
Cubism 132, 330, 407, 428
painting 77, 184–5, 353, 424, 425, 467
sculpture 270, 344
cuisine 130
North African 256–7
see also gastronomy
Culioli, Antoine 341
cultural policy 128–131
dance 137
Gaullist regime 6, 87, 129
Mitterrand 33, 34, 105, 112, 130, 339, 340
378, 456
cultural studies 77, 109, 110, 113, 214
cultural topography: Paris 131–3
Cuneo, Anne 231, 249
Cunningham, Merce 136, 137
Cuny, Alain 133
Curie, Marie and Pierre 399
cycling 133–4, 502–3, 533
Czechoslovakia
student protests 365
see also Prague Spring
Da Costa, Bernard 86
Da Silva, Eric 135
Dada movement 28, 82, 352, 429, 486–7, 494
Daeninckx, Didier 135, 155
Dahmani, Arezki 70
Dakar-Djibouti expedition 16
dance 44, 135–8, 276
ballet 101, 102–3, 135–6, 138
contemporary 101–2, 136–7, 138
danse d’auteur 102
festivals 42, 43
funding 34
Indian Ocean islands 225, 226
popular 499
prizes 103
and Theatre of Cruelty 527
see also choreographers; dance troupes;
francophone performing arts
dance troupes 138–40, 226
Daney, Serge 87, 140, 275
Daniel, Jean 195, 397, 398
Dante Alighieri 420
583Index
Daquin, Louis 107
Dardigna, Anne-Marie 187–8
Dargaud (publisher) 116, 117
Darnand, Joseph 338
Dasté, Jean 47, 48, 140, 158, 373, 522
Davis, Miles 304
De Broca, Philippe 355
death penalty: abolition 44, 108, 271
Deauville: film festival 43
Débat, Le 347
Debord, Guy 406, 494
Debray, Régis 18, 140–1, 362, 446–7
Debré, Michel 124
Debussy, Claude 121, 212, 224, 370
decolonization 12, 141–4, 149, 195, 215, 228,
243, 378, 391, 415, 422
Algeria 56, 88, 143, 145, 222, 404, 521
Indochina 142–3, 157, 216, 370, 404, 521
Morocco and Tunisia 370
sub-Saharan Africa 141, 144
writings on 120, 459
deconstruction 110, 202, 397
Decouflé, Philippe 103, 140
Decroux, Étienne 47, 144, 372, 373, 488
defence and security 144–5, 215–16, 391
Défense de l’Occident 46
Defert, Daniel 9
Deforges, Régine 187, 345
Degottex, Jean 32, 406
Deguy, Michel 145, 346, 429, 431
Deixonne law 146, 343
Delacroix, Eugène 290, 292, 426
Delannoy, Jean 106, 538
Delanoë, Pierre 37, 57, 146, 191, 480
Delaunay, Charles 304
Delaunay, Robert and Sonia 96, 432, 506
Delavouët, Max-Philippe 460
Delay, Florence 566
Deleuze, Gilles 69, 146–7, 346, 374
art criticism 29
influence 286
political activism 193
psychoanalysis 281, 445
Delon, Alain 73, 113, 147, 369, 507, 530
Delorme, Christian 70
Delors, Jacques 147–8, 191
Delphy, Christine 148, 206, 208, 326, 331
Delvaux, André 221
Demarcy, Richard 148
Demeny, Georges 373
demographic developments 148–50, 365, 460–1
Demy, Jacques 10, 104, 150, 150, 562
Deneuve, Catherine 71, 150, 150, 291, 507, 516,
539
Denez, Per 458–9
Denis, Claire 151, 563
Denoël publishing house 187, 485
Depardieu, Gérard 61, 72, 86, 105, 151–2, 156,
507
films 26, 45, 105, 150, 165, 375, 424, 454,
466, 539, 562
deregulation
banking system 46
public services 490
Derrida, Jacques 77, 109, 146, 152–4, 308,
316, 335, 374
arts criticism 29, 33, 527
deconstruction and poststructuralism 110,
397, 439, 440, 445
influence 207, 313, 436, 438
and literary journals 346, 347
and Tel Quel 516–17
Desanti, Jean-Louis 359
Desarthe, Gérard 154
Descartes, René 192, 217
Deschamps, Jérôme 43, 154
design
fashion 90, 97, 157, 163, 200–1, 260,
319–20
furniture 73
stage and theatre 2, 48–9, 115, 213, 221,
314, 418, 424
textiles 163
Désir, Harlem 70–1, 154–5
Detambel, Régine 492
detective fiction 155–6, 474, 493
Detrez, Conrad 264, 266, 267
Deutsch, Michel 156, 523, 525
Devaquet, Alain 511
Devay, Jean-François 374
Devers, Claire 156
Deville, Michel 73, 375
Dewaere, Patrick 151, 156, 375
Dezeuze, Daniel 514
Di Manno, Yves 429, 431
Diaghilev, Sergei 139
Dib, Mohammed 156–7, 229–30, 247, 248
Diderot, Denis 277
584 Index
Diên Biên Phu: battle 143, 145, 157, 370
Dijon
music festival 43, 384
Théâtre en Mai festival 43
Dimitri (mime) 231
Diogène 347
Diop, Alioune 246
Diop, Birago 492
Dior, Christian 90, 157, 200–1, 202, 203, 478
director’s theatre 158–9, 523, 527
dirigisme 159, 168
discourse theory 340–2, 382, 440
advertising 4–5
and art criticism 29
Disneyland Paris 436, 531–2
Diverrés, Catherine 140
Djaout, Tahar 249
Djebar, Assia 222, 227, 228, 248
Djura 69, 566
documentaries 87, 159–60
cinema 61, 64, 159–60, 192, 221, 273, 311,
401–2, 466, 475, 562
photography 91, 421–2
plays 98
radio 453
television 33, 61, 562
theatrical events 115
Documents 51
Dohollaw, Heather 431
Doillon, Jacques 160–1
Doisneau, Robert 161, 421, 475
Dollé, Jean-Paul 394
Dolto, Françoise 445
DOM-TOMs 144
political parties and movements 414–17
popular music 232–3
radio 236–7
television 239
writing 95–6, 243–5, 492
Doniol-Valcroze, Jacques 87
Doret, Gustave 230
Dorgelès, Roland 132
Dormael, Jaco van 221
Dorst, Jean 277
Dörst, Thomas 286
Dort, Bernard 99, 161
Dostoevsky, Fyodor
influence 192, 335
theatre productions 296
Dotremont, Christian 242
Douai, Jacques 161
Doubrovsky, Serge 40, 161
Doucé, Joseph 260
Douste-Blazy, Philippe 130, 131
Doutreligne, Louise 162
Doyle, Arthur Conan 155
Dreuilhe, Alain-Emmanuel 266
Dreyer, Carl Theodor 87
Dreyfus Affair 119, 307, 548
Drezen, Youenn 458
Dridi, Karim 65
Drieu la Rochelle, Pierre 289, 346, 447
drink see alcohol; wine
drugs 11–12, 71
anti-HIV 9
pills and medicines 12
Drut, Guy 35
Du Bellay, Joachim 431
Du Bouchet, André 162, 164, 429, 431
Du Gard, Roger Martin 120
Dubillard, Roland 162
Dubluë, Henri 230, 231
Duboc, Odile 140
Dubois, Jean 341
Dubuffet, Jean 28, 29, 162–3, 193, 406, 486
Duchamp, Marcel 29, 163, 352, 403, 405, 408,
486
Duchamp-Villon, Raymond 163
Ducrot, Oswald 341
Dufy, Raoul 163
Duhamel, Marcel 155
Dulac, Germaine 32
Dullin, Charles 48, 158, 373, 550
Dumas, Alexandre 344, 427
La Reine Margot 105
Dumazedier, Joffre 163–4
Duparc, Denis/Tony see Camus, Renaud
Dupavillon, Christian 296
Duperey, Anne 41
Dupeyron, François 507
Dupin, Jacques 163–4, 431
Dupond, Patrick 139
Duras, Marguerite 164–7, 172–3, 206, 374, 382,
481–2, 553, 565, 566
autobiography and fiction 40, 396, 481, 491
films 63, 104, 151, 164, 165, 274, 466, 491,
562–3
lesbian writing 188
585Index
plays 463
political activism 132, 193
Duriès, Vanessa 188
Durif, Eugène 167
Durkheim, Émile 15, 16, 51
Dürrenmatt, Friedrich 230
Duteuil, Yves 167
Dutilleux, Henri 121–2
Dutronc, Jacques 274, 283, 472
Duval, Anjela 458
Duve, Pascal de 242
Duverger, Maurice 126
Duvert, Denis see Camus, Renaud
Duvert, Tony 167, 188, 265, 267
Duvivier, Julien 493
Dvorák, Antonin 274
Dylan, Bob 37, 214
Dziga Vertov Group 274
Eastern Europe 36, 475
collapse of Communism 361
Échos, Les 195, 389
École des Beaux-Arts 18, 20, 132, 407
École Nationale de la Photographie 422
ecology 112, 276, 368
politics 412, 413
writers 281
economy 159, 168–70, 216, 377, 498
and employment 185, 559
globalization 391
and health 284
and immigration 292
and management style 352
market liberalism 169, 411, 490
modernization 259, 411
and multinational companies 384
and nationalism 391
oil crisis 295–6
and the periodical press 357
stock market crash (1987) 411–12
and trade 534–5
see also European economic integration;
informal economy; nationalization;
planning system; privatization
écriture féminine 98, 110, 165, 170–3, 206, 209,
264, 289, 297, 439–40, 558, 565–6
education
computer-based learning 181–2
culture 131
employment 542, 559
film 105–6
libraries 340
primary 174–6, 179
religion 93, 179
secondary 174, 176–8, 179
services 489, 490
special needs 176
sport 504–5
the state and the church 92, 178–80
unions 540
see also adult education; training; universities
education ministry 129, 174, 175, 542
educational elitism: the grandes écoles 133, 174,
180–1, 501
Effel, Jean 291
Egypt: Islamic fundamentalism 299
Eicher, Stephan 235
Eigeldinger, Marc 250
Eisenhower, Dwight D. 337
Eisenstein, Sergei 97, 210–11
El Ghowan, Nass 235
El Maleh, Edmond Amrane 249
El Moudjahid 199
El Oudji, Cheb Mimoun 235
Électricité de France (EDF) 399
electronic revolution 181–3
advertising 4
art 402
music 123, 124, 568
Elies, Fañch 458
Eliot, T.S. 420, 550
Elkabbach, Jean-Pierre 183
Elle 183–4, 200, 201, 204, 206, 255–6, 271,
477, 563
Elles voient rouge 206
Éluard, Paul 184–5, 249, 359, 428
Emmanuelle series 188
employment 185–6, 197, 199, 489
education 542, 559
and immigration 293
manufacturing industry 354
service industries 489, 490
social policy 496–7, 561
women 198, 298, 559–60, 560, 561, 564
see also minimum wage
energy utilities 392
Energy (zouk band) 232
Engels, Friedrich 358, 359
586 Index
English culture
popular music 385–6
see also Anglo-Saxon culture; anglomanie;
anglophone culture; franglais
Enlightenment values 277, 308, 394, 436, 438
Ensemble Intercontemporain 124
environmentalism see green issues
épuration see Liberation: épuration
Équipe, L’ 186, 289, 389, 503
Ernaux, Annie 40, 186–7, 566
erotic writing 187–9, 264–5, 345
eroticism 116, 202, 566, 567
Espace (arts group) 73
Esprit 347, 485
Etcherelli, Claire 111, 189, 565
ethnic minorities see beurs; North Africans
ethnography 40, 51, 331, 501
ethnology 16–18, 333
Étiemble, R. 14–15
Étienne, Marie 429, 431
Eurocommunism 360
Europe 1 189, 237, 451, 452, 472
Europe 2 452
European Community 126, 169, 190, 259, 369,
392, 534
see also Common Agricultural Policy;
European Union
European Court of Human Rights 108
European economic integration 101, 147,
189–90, 216, 271, 309, 370, 378, 413, 455
European Union 101, 128, 144, 148, 189,
190–1, 198, 414
agriculture 7–8, 190, 191
audiovisual protection 131, 241
green issues 278
health 284
market liberalism 490
regions 455, 461
women in parliament 560
women’s employment 559
Eurovision Song Contest 191, 253
Eustache, Jean 191–2
Événement du jeudi, L’ 192, 347, 390
Ex-Libris 281
existentialism 51, 88–9, 132, 152, 192–4, 270,
331, 428, 510
and Beauvoir 55, 56
Giacometti’s art 193, 270, 404
literary works 39, 56, 193, 482–3
opponents 288–9
and Sartre 83, 192, 193, 208, 270, 510
existentialist theatre 15, 194–5, 528
Exit (le journal) 264
Express, L’ 88, 195, 255–6, 271, 390, 397, 398,
432, 489
Fabius, Laurent 198
Faivre d’Arcier, Bertrand 42
Faizant, Jacques 291
family 93, 197–9, 357, 413
agriculture 455
firms 352
social policy 497, 498, 561
writings on 208, 566
family planning 1
Fanchette, Jean 246
Fanon, Frantz 120, 193, 199–200, 244
Faraldo, Claude 262, 375, 426–7
Farge, Arlette 41, 200
Fargue, Léon-Paul 132
farmers: union (FNSEA) 7
farming see agriculture
Fascism 225, 336, 451
iconography 290–1
Italy 547, 552
and the Left 336
politicians 350
fashion 130, 200–3, 368, 436, 570
designers 90, 97, 157, 163, 200–1, 260,
319–20, 477, 478
magazines 357, 553
fast food 203
Faulkner, William 83
Faure, Edgar: university reforms 133, 251, 367
Fautrier, Jean 193, 404–5, 434, 506
Fauvet, Jacques 381
Fauvism 163, 330, 353, 362
Faye, Jean-Pierre 347
FBI 488
Febvre, Lucien 15
Fédération Nationale d’Achats (FNAC) 447–8
Fellini, Federico 10
feminism 90, 108, 165, 204, 209, 279, 368, 475,
560
activists 56, 148
and committed literature 120, 521
and eroticism 188
essays 326, 420
587Index
films 61, 72, 151, 274, 372, 382, 488, 545,
562–3
groups and movements 1, 6, 193, 203–5,
206, 207, 441–2, 521, 565
plays 60, 62
and women’s magazines 357, 564
writing 205, 472
feminist press 205–7, 442, 564
feminist thought 56, 62, 109–10, 113, 148,
170–2, 207–10, 280, 297–9, 382, 558, 565
art 402, 408, 486
autobiography 38, 39, 56, 120, 208, 326
history 200, 210
literary criticism 216–17, 565–6
Marxism 204, 207, 208
novels 558
psychoanalysis 297–8, 315, 382
Féministes Révolutionnaires 204, 205
Femme actuelle 563, 564
Des Femmes 429, 442
Des Femmes en mouvement 205, 206
Feraoun, Mouloud 247
Fernandel 381
Fernandez, Dominique 210–11, 264, 266
Fernandez, Ramon 210
Ferrat, Jean 46, 211, 385, 386, 500, 547
Ferré, Gianfranco 201
Ferré, Léo 46, 132, 211–12, 386, 418
Ferreri, Marco 151, 512
Ferry, Jules 178–9
Ferry, Luc 278
festivals
choreography 137–8
film 3, 43, 105, 262
jazz 305, 384
music 43, 67, 130, 226, 234, 235, 384–5,
387
performance arts 231
theatre 42–3, 86, 87, 320, 384
Feydeau, Georges 224
Feyder, Jacques 221
Fifth Republic 410, 433, 510
constitution 108, 124–6, 258, 370, 376
Figaro, Le 37, 212–13, 219, 220, 285, 336, 345,
381, 389, 398, 409, 457
Fignon, Laurent 134
Filipacchi, Daniel 87, 409
Filipacchi, Henri 348
Filippo, Eduardo de 363, 395
film
censorship 104, 105
criticism 53–4, 87, 104, 140, 272–5
education 105–6
feminism 61, 72, 151, 274, 372, 382
festivals 3, 43, 105, 262
funding 34, 103, 104, 129
industry 41, 388, 552
journals 86–7
pornography 435
see also avance sur recettes; beur cinema;
cinema; cinéma de banlieue; cinéma de
qualité; documentaries; francophone
cinema; gay cinema; literary adaptation;
women, film directors; see under names of
actors, directors and writers
film noir 562
Fini, Léonore 213
Finkielkraut, Alain 213–14, 436
Finney, Albert 10
FIP (radio station) 238, 453
First World War 552
Flamand, Paul 490
Flammarion 214, 447
Flaubert, Gustave 111, 344, 419, 482
Fleg, Edmond 250
Flemish language 322
Fohrenbach, Jean Claude 304
folk tales 225, 243
Folle Avoine (publisher) 429
Fonda, Jane 274
Fondation de France 34
Fontaine, André 381
Fontainebleau 277
food see fast food; gastronomy
football 166, 215, 290, 502, 503, 505
Force Ouvrière (FO) 540
foreign policy 144, 215–16
de Gaulle 27, 141, 144, 145, 216, 412
Pompidou 433
Forêt, Jean-Claude 460
Forrester, Viviane 216–17
Fort, Paul 78
Forum des Halles 434
Foucault, Michel 9, 15, 77, 217–18, 265, 346,
361, 397, 401
art criticism 29, 217
attacks on 27
influence 49, 207, 213, 436, 438