Colin Mark. The Gaelic-English Dictionary/Гэльско-английский словарь

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teagasg, -aisg nm & vn of teagaisg

teaching etc., doctrine, instruction, moral,

pedagogy, teaching, tuition

□

… airson an

deagh theagaisg a fhuair e aige…for the

ﬁne teaching which he received from

(lit. at) him

teagasgach a tutorial

teagmhach, -aiche a apocryphal, doubtful,

dubious, questionable, quizzical, scrupu-

lous, tentative

□

àite teagmhach grey

area

□

bha e glè theagmhach gum

bitheadh iad air ais ro bhriseadh an latha

it was very doubtful that they would be

back before daybreak

□

bha mi gu math

teagmhach as a’ chùis I was rather doubtful

of the matter

teaghlach, -aich, -aichean nm family,

household

□

a bheil teaghlach agaibh? do

you have a family?

□

bha triuir de theagh-

lach aca they had three of a family

□

bha

seachdnar de theaghlach ann there were

seven of a family – but note the idiom: bha

iad ann seachdnar there were seven of

a family

□

thug an teaghlach orra

dhachaigh the family went home

□

cha

robh duine teaghlaich aca they had no

family (lit. they didn’t have a person of

family at them)

□

… a’ togail teaghlach

ghillean … raising a family of boys

□

thug

e seachad ainm gach duine teaghlaich

a bha aca he gave the name of every

member of family they had

teaghlachail a domestic

teaghlachas, -ais nm domesticity

teallach, -aich, -aichean nm ﬁreside,

hearth

□

teallach ceàrdaich forge

teama, -aichean nf theme

□

tha am fear-

ealain a’ sìor lorg teamaichean ùra the

artist is continually seeking new themes

teampall, -aill, -aill nm temple (relig.)

teanachd, teanachdadh / teanachdainn v

save (very uncommon)

□

bha e air a

theanachdainn it had been saved

teanchair, -ean nm forceps, pincers, vice

(instrument)

teanamant, -aint, -an nm tenement

teang-lann nf language laboratory

teanga, teangaidh, teangan(nan) nf

□

dat ⫽ teangaidh language (speech),

tongue, spit (of land)

□

leig teanga a-mach

loll the tongue

□

teanga daimh ox-

tongue

□

leig e ruith le a theanga he let his

tongue run away with him

□

leum mo

theanga orm my tongue slipped

□

bàrr na

teangaidh [the] tip of the tongue

□

bha e

air bàrr mo theangaidh it was on the tip of

my tongue

teang’-a-chon nf hound’s tongue (plant)

teanga-mhìn nf dead nettle t.-na-nathrach

nf adder’s tongue fern

teangach, -aiche a loquacious, talkative

teann, -adh v1. begin, commence, start

(⫹ ri(s) before a vn)

□

theann na cuilea-

gan ri laighe air an uisge the ﬂies began

to land on the water

□

dh’fheumadh e

teannadh ri a theachd-an-tìr a chosnadh

he had to start to earn his livelihood

□

bha

e a’teannadh ris an fhuachd fhaireachadh

tron chòta he was beginning to feel the

cold through the coat 2. draw near,

approach, verge (⫹ air or ri / ris)

□

chuir

e ﬁos thuca gun robh nàimhdean a’ tean-

nadh orra he sent information that

enemies were approaching them

□

theann

iad na b’fhaisge air blàths an teine they

drew nearer the warmth of the ﬁre 3. pro-

ceed, go

□

theann a ceum ris na cnuic she

walked towards the hillocks (lit. her step

proceeded towards etc.)

teann, teinne a 1. near, close (⫹ air to)

□

bha e na shuidhe teann air an uinneig he

was sitting close to the window / near the

window

□

… a bha aig a’cheann bu teinne

orra … which was at the end nearer them

2. compact, costive, fast, ﬁrm, hard (also

adv hard), intense, solid, taut, tense, tight

□

bha iad air an ceangail gu teann ri chèile

they were tied tied tightly together

□

gun a

bhith teann slack (of a rope etc.)

□

dèan

teagasg 572

world

□

a dh’aindeoin a theagamhan

despite his misgivings

□

tha e ceart

teagamh a bhith againn it’s right for us

to have doubts / misgivings

Idioms: cuir (rudeigin) an teagamh

doubt (something), question (⫽ doubt)

□

cuir teagamh ann demur, doubt

□

…

ach chuir e teagamh ann… but he

demur-red

□

cha tàinig e

a-steach air teagamh a chur anns na

h-òrduighean it didn’t occur to him to

doubt the orders

□

cha bhiodh e ceart

cus teagaimh a chur annta it wouldn’t

be right to doubt them too much (lit. to

put too much [of] doubt in them)

□

cuir

(cuideigin) an teagamh bafﬂe (some-

body)

□

bi an teagamh boggle (v)

theagamh / a theagamh adv perhaps

□

theagamh gum b’e eud a bha ga bhio-

radh perhaps it was envy that was

vexing him

teann ﬁx

□

glac teann hug 3. austere,

severe, strict, stringent 4. adv hardly, not

likely

□

teann gu bheil! not likely! you’re

joking!

teann-bheulach a close-mouthed

□

bha e

glè theann-bheulach he was very

close-mouthed t.-dhealbh nm/f close up

(photograph) t.-stuth nm solid

teannachadh, -aidh, -aidhean nm & vn

of teannaich compressing etc., 1. brace,

fastening 2. compression, constriction,

contraction, shrinking, shrinkage 3. pres-

sure, suspense, strain, tension

□

làn tean-

nachaidh is togail full of suspense and

excitement

teannachadh-innidh nm constipation

teannaich, -eachadh v brace, clinch, com-

press, contract, crowd, fasten, harden,

impact, jam, rivet, squeeze, strain (make

painful, difﬁcult etc.), shrink, tauten,

tighten, make tight, become tight, tweak

□

teannaich le geinn wedge

□

theannaich

an ròpa gu h-obann the rope tightened

suddenly

teannaichte pp compressed, contracted,

crowded etc.

teannaire, -ean nm strainer (for fence)

teanntachd nf austerity, difﬁculty, distress,

strait(s), tension, trouble

□

bha e a-nis ann

am f ìor theanntachd he was now in dire

straits

teanntachd-cuim nf constipation

teanntachd-uachdair nf surface tension

teanor, -oir, -an nm tenor (mus.)

teans(a), -aichean nm chance (see cothrom)

teanta, -aichean nf tent

tèarainn, teàrnadh v 1. evade, escape

2. deliver, rescue, save

□

thàinig Iosa

Crìosta don t-saoghal seo a thèarnadh

pheacach Jesus Christ came to this world

to save sinners

tèarainte pp saved, safe, secure (note that

there is only one n, while tèarainn has

two)

□

tha i na cala thèarainte it is a safe

harbour

□

fhuair sinn tèarainte thairis

we got safely across

□

prìosan tèarainte

a secure prison

tèarainteachd nf safety, security

□

ràinig

sinn ar ceann-uidhe an tèarainteachd we

reached our destination in safety

□

… air-

son barrachd tèarainteachd … for greater

security

□

cha robh nì a dhith air a thaobh

tèarainteachd it lacked nothing with

regard to security

tearb, -adh v separate (uncommon)

□

…

ma ghabhas iad an tearbadh o chàch…if

they can be separated from the rest – used

of separating sheep (by dog) or of weaning

lambs.

tearbadh, -aidh nm & vn of tearb

separating etc.

tearc, teirce a few, rare, scant, scarce, spo-

radic, unfrequent

□

tha iad a’fas nas teirce

they are growing scarcer

□

aig an àm ud

bha lighichean tearc at that time doctors

were scarce

□

rudan tearca scarce items

□

gu tearc rarely, seldom

□

but note that the

gu is dropped when tearc is used with the

assertive verb: is tearc a chithear e it is

seldom seen (lit. it is seldom that it will be

seen)

□

bu tearc a chìte feòil air a’ bhòrd

meat was seldom seen on the table

□

is ann

tearc a gheibhear e it will rarely be found

tearc-eun nm phoenix

tearm, -aichean nf same as teirm

tearm, -aichean nm therm

tearmach a thermal

tèarmainn, tèarmann a protect, defend

tèarmann, -ainn nm & vn of tèarmainn

protecting etc. protection, refuge, retreat,

safeguard, sanctuary, shelter refuge

□

tèarmann ainmhidhean game reserve

□

tha e na thèarmann do dh’eòin it is

a sanctuary for birds

□

dh’fheuch iad ri

ionad tèarmainn fhaotainn they tried to

ﬁnd a place of refuge

□

chan eil sinn air

tèarmann èifeachdach a bhuileachadh

orra we have not granted them an effective

refuge

tèarmannach, -aiche a protective

tearmas, -ais, -an nm thermos

tearmastad, -an nm thermostat

teàrn, -adh v

□

an alt form of teirinn

descend

□

theàrn an ceò air a’ bheinn the

mist descended upon the mountain

□

…

mar a theàrnas seabhag às an adhar …as

a hawk descends from the sky

tèarn, -adh v an alt form of tèarainn deliver

eàrnadh, -aidh, -aidhean nm 1. vn of

teàrainn saving etc., deliverance,

delivery, escape, rescue 2. vn of teirinn

descending etc., declension, declivity,

descent, gravitation

teàrnaidh a saving

□

gràs teàrnaidh Dhè

the saving grace of God

teàrr, tearradh v tar, cover with tar

teàrr, -a nf tar

teàrrach, -aiche a tarry

tearradh, aidh nm & vn of teàrr tarring

tearraidich, eachadh v examine, inspect

tearraideachadh nm & vn of tearraidich

examination, inspection

□

rinn i tear-

raideachadh air she inspected it

teàrrte pp tarred

573 teàrrte

teas nm indec heat, hotness

□

teas deàlrach

radiant heat

□

teas-chlach igneous rock

□

teas na grèine / an teine [the] heat of

the sun / the ﬁre

□

bha iad air an cur ris

an teine airson teas a thoirt dhaibh they

were put up to the ﬁre to give them heat

□

am fear nach cuir ri latha fuar cha

bhuain e ri latha teth he who does not sow

in cold weather will not reap in hot

weather (proverb)

teas-dhìon nm heatshield t.-ghràdh nm

(emotional) devotion t.-lorg nf heat detec-

tion t.-mheidh nf thermometer

teasach, -aich, -aichean nf fever

□

teasach bhuidhe the yellow fever

□

teasach dhearg the scarlet fever

□

teasach

an t-siataig rheumatic-fever

□

an teasach-

eanchainne meningitis

teasach a caloriﬁc

teasaich, -achadh v heat

□

theasaich e an

t-uisge he heated the water

teasairg, teasargainn / teasairginn v

□

same as teasraig

teasairginn nf & vn of teasairg rescuing,

rescue

teasargainn nf

□

same as teasairginn

teasaras, -ais, -an nm thesaurus

teasg, -adh v amputate, cut off

teasgadh, -aidh nm & vn of teasg amputat-

ing etc., amputation

teasraig, teasraiginn / teasraigeadh v pre-

serve, protect, save

□

tha seo na dhòigh air

biadh a theasraigeadh this is a way to pre-

serve food

□

bu chòir dhuinn àiteachan

mar seo a theasraigeadh we ought to

preserve places like this

teasraiginn

□

alt vn of teasraig

preserving etc.

teasòras, -ais, -an nm thesaurus

teatha, -achan nf (also tì) tea

□

cupa teatha

tea-cup

teich, -eadh v (often with air falbh) abscond,

desert (army etc.), elope, escape, ﬂee, ﬂy,

retreat, run, secede, step down, with-

draw

□

fear a theich deserter

□

teich air

escape from, ﬂee from

□

ghlac mi caora

a theich air mo nabaidh I caught a sheep

which had escaped from my neighbour

□

theicheadh iad le uamhann nuair a

nochdadh e they would ﬂee in (lit. with)

terror when he appeared

□

theich e orm he

ﬂed from me

□

’s ann ri tèarainteachd a’

bhaile a theich iad it was to the security of

the town that they ﬂed

□

theich an cù orra

the dog ran away from them (see air)

teiche nm

□

an alt form of teicheadh nm

teicheach a recessive

teicheadh, -idh nm & vn of teich desertion,

escape, ﬂight

□

cuir air teicheadh / cuir

teicheadh air put to ﬂight / cause to ﬂee

□

cuiridh sin teicheadh orra that will put

them to ﬂight

□

chuir iad an nàimhdean air

teicheadh they put their enemies to ﬂight

teichidh a escape

□

doras teichidh loophole

teicneolach, -aich, -aich nm technician

teicneolach, -aiche a technical

teicneolaiche, -ean nm technician

□

teicne-

olaiche fuaim a sound technician

teicneolas, -ais nm technology

□

teicneolas

leusair laser technology

tèid fut dep form of rach (q.v.)

tèile

□

a form of tè eile (see tè)

teile, -ean nf lime tree, lime fruit, linden

tree

□

sugh teile lime juice

teile- pref tele-

teile-chlò-bhualadair / teile-chlòbhualtair /

t.-chlòthair nm teleprinter t.-chomhluadar /

t.-cho-luadar nm telecomrnunications

t.-fhaireachdainn nf telepathy t.-fhios nm

telecommunications

teileagraf, -an nm telegraph

teileagram, -aim, -an nm telegram

teilebhisean, -ein, -an nm television

□

see

telebhisean

teilefon, -oin, -an nm telephone

teilesgrìobhadh, -aidh nm teletext

teine, teintean nm ﬁre

□

cuir na theine /

cuir teine ri ﬁre, ignite

□

teine dealain an

electric ﬁre

□

teine lasrach blaze

□

teine

gas gas-ﬁre

□

cuir na theine inﬂame

□

gabh teine take ﬁre, kindle intrans

□

bha

an teine air a dhol às the ﬁre had gone

out

□

cuir an teine thuige kindle the ﬁre

□

cha robh an teine air a chur thuige the ﬁre

had not been kindled

□

tha mi duilich nach

eil teine air I’m sorry there isn’t a ﬁre

□

bha an teine a’ gabhail the ﬁre was

taking

□

bha an taigh na theine the house

was on ﬁre

□

suidh sìos ris an teine sit

down at the ﬁre

tein-aighear nm / tein-èibhinn bonﬁre

teine-chaithreamh nm/f ﬁre-alarm t.-dè,

an t.-dè St. Anthony’s Fire, shingles,

erysipelas t.-dhìonach a ﬁre-proof

t.-ghealan nm phosphorescence t.-mònach

nm peat-ﬁre

□

cho blàth ri teine-mònach

as warm as a peat-ﬁre t.-sionnachain

nm phosphorescence

□

chunnaic mi

teine-sionnachain ann an uisge na

stiùireach againn I saw phosphorescence

in our wake

teinn, -e nf adversity, distress, extremity,

hardship

□

ann an teinn in a jam / predica-

ment

□

thàinig iad an seo an teinn they

teas 574

came here in distress

□

an aimsir carraid

agus teinne in time of trouble and distress

teinne nf intenseness, severity, solidity

teinneachadh, -aidh nm & vn of teinnich

intensifying

teinnead, -eid nm tightness

teinnich, -eachadh v intensify

teinnteach, -iche a ﬁery, igneous

□

mar

àmhainn theinntich like a ﬁery furnace

□

ann am fàsach theinnteach gainmhich in a

ﬁery, sandy desert

teinnteach-dhearg a ﬁery-red

□

bha a’

ghrian na ball mòr teinnteach-dhearg the

sun was a great ﬁery ball

□

’s e daoine

teinnteach tuasaideach a th’annta they are

a ﬁery, quarrelsome people

teinntidh, -e a

□

same as teinnteach

teintean, -ein, -an nm hearth

□

bha iad nan

suidhe timcheall air cloich an teintein they

were sitting round the hearthstone

teip, teipichean nf tape

□

teip ciadameatair

centimetre tape

□

teipichean ionnsachaidh

learning tapes

□

teip steigeach sticky tape

teip-chlàradair nm tape-recorder

teip-sùla nm videotape

teirce nf fewness, scarcity

teircead, -eid nm fewness, thinness

teirig, teireachdainn v 1. run out, be

exhausted, be spent

□

… gus an do theirig

a’ mhin … until the meal ran out

□

… mun

teirig a’ ghineal seo … before this genera-

tion is spent 2. go

□

na teirig nas fhaide!

don’t go any further! 2. see also theirig

def v

teirinn, teàrnadh v alight, descend, come

down, dismount, go down, gravitate

□

theirinn e am balla he climbed down the

wall

□

… is fhasa teàrnadh na dìreadh

descending is easier than ascending / it is

easier to descend than to ascend

□

chuala

mi iad a’ teàrnadh na staidhre I heard

them coming down the stairs / downstairs

teirm, -ichean nf term (school, period of

ofﬁce, expression)

□

ann an teirm an

t-samhraidh in the summer term

□

rinn

e liosta de theirmichean maraireachd he

made a list of nautical terms

teis-meadhan nm very centre, very middle

□

ann an teis meadhan ⫹ gen at the heart of,

in the very centre of

□

ann an teis-

meadhan a’ bhaile in [the] very centre of

the town

□

usage appears to differ greatly,

some people leniting the second element,

some slenderising the second element,

and some doing both! – thus you may ﬁnd:

na theis-mheadhan / na theis-meadhain /

na theis-mheadhain for ‘in its very

centre’masc subj – however, I suggest that

neither is required: na theis-meadhan

teist, -e, -ean nf reputation, character

□

thoir teist air describe the character of

□

tha e a’ toirt teist air an àite he describes

the character of the place

teisteanas, -ais, -an nm certiﬁcate, evidence,

reference, testimonial, testimony, voucher

teisteas, -eis nm attestation, credentials (also

litrichean teisteis credentials), diploma

teisteachadh, -aidh nm & vn of teistich

certifying

teisteil, -e a creditable

teistich, -eachadh v certify

telebhisean, -ein, -an nm television

□

air an telebhisean on the television

□

is e

seo linn an telebhisein this is the age of

television

teò, teòdhadh v

□

see teòdh

teò-chridheach a affectionate, cordial,

pitiful, warm-hearted t.-chridheachd nf

cordiality, warm-heartedness t.-thaigh nm

hothouse

teòclaid, -e, -ean nf chocolate

teodolait nm theodolite

teòdh, teòdhadh v heat, warm

□

teòdh ri(s)

warm to

teodhachd nf

□

see teothachd

teòidh

□

see teò

teoiric, -ean nf theory

□

teoiric na

daimheachd [the] theory of relativity

teoirim, -ean nm theorem

teòma a 1. willing, ready, apt

□

tha iad

fada nas teòma a-nis gus a’ Ghàidhlig

a chleachdadh they are far more willing

now to use [the] Gaelic 2. adept, dexter-

ous, expert, ingenious

teòmachd nf dexterity, expertness, ingenuity

teoraidh nf theory

□

same as teoric nf

teothachadh, -aidh nm & vn of teòthaich

warming

teothachd nf temperature

teothachd-fàis nf growing point

t.-meadhain nf mean temperature

teothaich, -achadh v warm

teotha comp of teth

teth, teotha a hot ( pl form is teithe)

□

sheòl

iad mu dheas gu na tìrean teithe they

sailed south to the hot lands

□

anns na

fàsaichean teithe in the hot deserts

□

botal

teth hot-water-bottle

teud, -a, -an nm/f chord, string (of

mus. instrument), wire

□

teud f ìdhle ﬁddle

string

teudach a stringed (of instruments)

teudachadh, -aidh nm & vn of teudaich

stringing

575 teudachadh

teudag, -aige, -an nf muscle ﬁbre

teudaich, -achadh v string

teudaichte pp stringed

teum, -a, -annan nm 1. bite, snatch

2. whim, caprice (both uncommon now)

teum, -adh v 1. bite, nip, sting, wound

2. entice, beguile 3. splice, join

□

… tha e

a’ teumadh saoghal an latha an-diugh ris

an t-saoghal a dh’fhalbh…it joins the

world of today to the world of the past (lit.

the world that has gone)

teumadh, -aidh nm & vn of teum biting

etc., nip

teusas, -ais nm thesis

tha present tense of verb bi (q.v.)

thà, ged thà conj though

□

used elliptically,

as follows: aon rud ged thà… one thing,

though …

□

’s e a bha a’ cur dragh air

mòran, ged thà, nach robh a leithid a rud

ann ri faclair Gàidhlig gu Gàidhlig what

bothered many, though, was that there

wasn’t such a thing as a Gaelic to Gaelic

dictionary

thàinig past tense indep active of irreg v

thig

thairis air 1. prep across, over

□

bha i

a’ sealltainn thairis air mo ghualainn

she was looking over my shoulder

□

leum e thairis air an abhainn he

jumped across the river

□

tha thairis

air leth-cheud mìle ball againn we

have over ﬁfty thousand members

□

rach thairis air exceed, transcend

□

thèid am beatha thairis air nithean

làitheil their lives will transcend

everyday matters

□

rach thairis air

cross (over)

□

chaidh sinn thairis air

an drochaid we crossed (over) the

bridge

□

cha robh fhios againn gum

bitheadh ar slighean a’ dol thairis air

a chèile a-rithist we didn’t know that

our paths would cross [each other]

again

□

bha sinn air a bhith thairis air

a seo a cheana we had been over

this already

□

bha e a’ dol thairis na

inntinn air a h-uile duine san àite he

was going over in his mind every per-

son in the place

□

bha e an sàs ann am

mòran ghnothaichean ionadail thairis

air na bliadhnachan he was engaged

in many local affairs over the years

□

cuir / ruith thairis air overrun

2. thairis air prep pron over him / it masc

teudag 576

thairis adv across, over

□

mum biodh

am mìos thairis before the month was

(i.e. would be) over

□

cuir thairis

1. export, transfer 2. overﬂow – also bi

a’cur thairis teem

□

bha an oiﬁs a’cur

thairis le òrduighean the ofﬁce was

overﬂowing with orders

□

bha an t-àite

a-nis a’ cur thairis le saighdearan the

place was now teeming with soldiers

□

tha e gu leigeil / gu toirt thairis he is

dead-beat

□

gabh thairis take over

□

bidh cuid dhiubh air an gabhail thairis

some of them will be taken over

□

rach

thairis pass, transgress

□

thoir thairis

1. transfer v 2. tire oneself out

□

thug e

thairis he tired himself out

□

bha mi

air glan thoirt thairis I was completely

exhausted

□

toirt thairis transfer noun

3. thoir thairis ⫹ inf ⫽ give up, give

over, stop

□

thug e thairis a bhith a’

feuchainn ri a chuideachadh he gave

up [being] trying to help him (see also

under thoir)

thall thairis adv overseas, abroad (see

thall)

a-nall thairis adv from overseas / from

abroad (see a-nall)

a-null thairis adv movement abroad /

movement overseas (see a-null)

thairte prep pron of thar (q.v.) over her / it fem

thall adv on the other side, beyond,

yonder

□

air taobh thall ⫹ gen beyond, on

the far side of

□

air taobh thall na gealaich

on the far side of the moon

□

ceann thall

extreme

□

aig a’ cheann thall in the long

run

□

mu dheireadh thall eventually

□

chaochail e thall an sin he died over there

(in a foreign country)

□

bha e thall an

Ameireaga he was over in America

□

bheil thu a’ faicinn an eilein sin thall? do

you see that island over there?

□

bha iad

a’ ruith thall ’s a-bhos they were running

hither and thither (lit. thither & hither)

□

chì thu dealbh air an duilleig thall you

will see a picture over the page (lit. on

the page over)

□

bha sinn gus a bhith aig

a’ cheann thall den bhealach we were

almost at the far end of the pass

□

but note

also: bha sin na b’fheàrr dhuinn aig a’

cheann thall that was better for us in the

long run

thalla def v

□

in the imperative form

only (pl & polite thallaibh) 1. go, go

away

□

thalla ’s faigh an t-òrd go and get

the hammer 2. get away with you! (don’t

talk nonsense etc.)

thàna

□

a variant of thàinig past tense

indep active of irreg v thig (q.v.)

tharaibh over you pl & polite tharta

over them

The emph forms of the above are:

tharamsa, tharadsa, thairis airsan,

thairtese, tharainne, tharaibhse,

thartasan

thar a chèile adv 1. at variance, in

dispute (but see also below under

thar cheann)

□

tha daoine a’ dol thar

a chèile a’ deasbad mun chùis seo

people are falling out over this matter

2. in disorder, in confusion, agitated

□

cuir thar a chèile disarrange, confuse

cf. troimh-chèile

thar cheann adv on average, overall,

taken all together

□

tha na dàin, le

bhith gan gabhail thar cheann…the

poems, taking them overall…-also

thar a chèile

□

… ach thar a chèile is

e astar na gealaich bhuainn 240,000

mìle … but on average the distance of

the moon from us is 240,000 miles

thar is sometimes used instead of air /

ar in counting

□

deich thar fhichead

thirty

□

most commonly found with

the ordinal numbers: an trìtheamh

salm thar an fhichead the 23rd psalm

thar-a-chòrr / thar-a-chòir a superﬂu-

ous, too much th.-astar-fuaim

supersonic

577 theab

thar prep⫹ gen across, beyond, over

□

òirleach thar òirlich inch by inch

□

thar tomhais beyond measure

□

thar

a’ chumantais out of the ordinary,

extraordinary

□

duine fad-lèirsinneach

thar a’ chumantais an extraordinarily

far-sighted man

□

thar a’chaolais over

the strait

□

… thar a h-uile nì eile …

above all else (lit. beyond every other

thing)

□

… ach, thar gach nì, dh’iarra-

maid … … but, above all, we would

ask …

□

thar chnoc is ghleann over hill

and dale (lit. over hills and valleys)

□

thar lear overseas

□

thar stoc / thar

bòrd overboard

□

note that the gen

case is not employed in the latter two

examples

□

thar a’ chiad trì seach-

dainean den Iuchar over the ﬁrst three

weeks of July

□

tha e air a bhith a’toirt

an aire dhaibh thar nam bliadhnachan

he has been observing them over the

years

□

fada thar crìochan an eilein far

beyond the conﬁnes of the island

□

rach thar pass, go beyond

□

rach thar

chrìochan trespass

□

tha sin thar mo

chomais that is beyond my power

□

streap mi thar a’ bhalla I climbed over

the wall

□

chaidh iad a-null thar an

aiseig they went [across] over the

ferry / they crossed over the ferry

□

thàinig e thar a’ bhealaich he came

over the pass

□

chaidh iad thar na

crìche they went over the border / they

crossed the border

□

nochd e thar

gualainn a’ chnuic he appeared over

the shoulder of the hill

□

chuir iad

acair thar an deiridh they put an

anchor over the stern

□

thilg iad na

bogsaichean thar na cliathaich they

threw the boxes over the side

□

sin

an cnap-starraidh thar am feum

sinn ar casan a thogail that is the

stumbling block over which we must

lift our feet

thar forms its prep prons thus (though

they are now rather uncommon):

tharam over me tharad over you sing

thairis air over him / it masc thairte

over her / it fem tharainn over us

tharam / tharad / tharainn / tharaibh /

tharta prep prons of thar (q.v.)

thatar / thathar / thathas it is being

□

mus

cuir mi mo chuibhreann fhèin ris na thatar

air a ràdh mar tha … before I add my own

tuppence worth to what has already been

said … (see bi)

theab def v

□

exists in the past tense only –

Active: theab did almost

□

theab

mi tuiteam I almost fell

□

an do theab e

tuiteam? did he almost fall?

□

theab

e bàsachadh he almost died

□

O, theab mi

dìochuimhneachadh Oh, I almost forgot

□

theab thu mo bhualadh you almost hit me

□

theab mi dhol ann I almost went (there)

□

theab mi gun a dhol ann idir I almost

didn’t go at all

□

… far na theab i dhol air

na creagan … where she (the boat) almost

went on to the rocks

□

theab i an uinneag

a bhriseadh she almost broke the window

□

theab mi buille a thoirt dha an clàr an

aodainn I almost punched him right in the

face

□

note: theab nach deach e dhachaigh

gun chas bhriste he almost went home

with a broken leg

□

the Passive Voice has

two forms theabas / theabadh

□

theabas

an glacadh uair no dhà they were almost

caught once or twice (lit. almost was done

their catching)

□

an do theabas an glacadh?

were they almost caught?

□

theabadh a

bhàthadh he was almost drowned

□

… far

an do theabadh am faicinn…where they

were almost seen

□

note its use in the fol-

lowing proverb: cha do rinn ‘theab’ cron

riamh ‘almost’ never did any harm

thèid fut tense of rach (q.v.)

their / theirteadh / theirear

□

see. irreg v

abair

theirig def v used in imperative form only

( pl theirigibh) go – for other moods and

tenses see irreg v rach

Basic examples: thàinig e don doras

he came to the door

□

an tàinig

Màiri an-raoir? thàinig / cha tàinig

did Mary arrive last night? yes / no

□

bha e a’ tighinn na b’fhaisge it was

coming nearer

□

thig mi a-nochd

I shall come tonight

□

an tig iad

a dh’aithghearr? thig / cha tig will

they come soon? yes / no

□

nach tig

thu steach? please come in / won’t you

come in?

□

cò a thig gu ar faicinn?

who will come to see us?

□

ma thig e,

an tig ise cuideachd? if he comes, will

she come too?

□

dh’iarr e orm tighinn /

dh’fhaighnich e dhiom an tiginn he

asked me if I would come

□

an tigeadh

tu nan iarrainn ort? would you come

if I asked you?

□

is iomadh neach

a thigeadh air chèilidh air [it is] many

a person [that] would come to visit him

□

a’tighinn forthcoming etc.

□

ach cha

robh freagairt a’tighinn but no answer

was forthcoming

□

ri thighinn pending

Further Examples: seo far a bheil thu

tighinn a-staigh anns a’ chùis this is

where you come in(to the matter)

□

bha i air tighinn thuice fhèin beagan

she had come to herself a little / recov-

ered a little

□

bha mi air tighinn thairis

orra mar thà I had come across them

already

□

thig air ais come back,

return

□

thàinig e air ais he came back

□

san t-seisean seo tighinn in the (lit.

this) coming session / next session

□

…

mur tig iad le chèile gu còrdadh…if

they don’t both come to an agreement

thig is often used loosely with the

meanings occur, arise etc.

□

fad-ùineach thig cothroman ann an

turasachd in the long term opportuni-

ties will arise in tourism

□

’s ann

anns na h-Ealain a thig am fàs as

nochdaidh it’s in the Arts that the most

apparent growth will occur

Other Idioms:

thig (an cuimhne) recur

thig a-mach come out, issue (intrans)

thig a-nuas le come down with (i.e.

bring down a club etc.)

□

bha e a’ dol

a thighinn a-nuas leis a’ chuaille air a

cheann he was going to come down

with the club on his head

thig a-steach air occur to, realise,

strike one

□

thàinig e a-steach orm

gum faca mi seo roimhe it struck me

that I had seen this before

□

thàinig

thèid 578

thig, tighinn irreg v 1. arrive, come

This verb is irregular in the Past tense,

the Independent Future tense and the

Relative future.

ACTIVE VOICE:

Past tense

1. Indep.: thàinig e he came

2. Dep.: an tàinig i? did she come?

cha tàinig thu you didn’t come

nach tàinig iad? didn’t they

come?

Future tense

1. Indep.: thig mi I shall come

2. Dep. (reg.): an tig iad? thig / cha

tig. will they come? yes / no.

Relative future: ma thig e if he

comes

Imperfect / conditional tense

1. Indep.: thiginn I would come

thigeadh tu you would come

2. Dep.: an tiginn? would I come?

an tigeadh tu? would you come?

cha tiginn I wouldn’t come cha

tigeadh tu you wouldn’t come

nach tiginn? wouldn’t I come?

nach tigeadh tu? wouldn’t you

come?

e a-steach orm nach robh mi nam

aonar I realised that I was not alone

□

thig seo a-steach oirnn ann an ceithir

no còig bliadhna eile we will realise

this in another four or ﬁve years

thig a-steach come in, enter, encroach

□

a tha / bha etc. a’ tighinn a-steach

incoming

□

bha aige ris a’ phostachd

a bha a’ tighinn a-steach a chur an

òrdugh he had to sort the incoming

mail

thig air 1. fall upon (lit. come upon, and

hence: have to, be compelled to, be

obliged to

□

thàinig air an eaglais

fhàgail mus robh an t-seirbhis seachad

he had to leave the church before the

service was over

□

thàinig orm an

obair a chrìochnachadh I was obliged

to ﬁnish the job

□

thig oirnn fhalbh

mu chòig uairean we have / will have

to leave about ﬁve o’clock 2. come

over, affect, befall, bother, happen to,

trouble

□

dè thàinig ort? what came

over you?

□

bha an tùchadh a’tighinn

air he was becoming hoarse (lit. the

hoarseness was coming upon him)

□

bha atharrachadh neònach air tighinn

air aodann a strange change had come

over his face

□

chan eil càil a’ tighinn

orm there’s nothing coming over me

□

bha an trom-laighe seo a’ tighinn air

cha mhòr a h-uile oidhche this night-

mare was troubling him almost every

night

□

‘s iomadh rud a thig air an

laogh nach saoil a mhàthair many

a thing happens to the calf that his

mother does not visualise (proverb, an

alternative version being: is minig

a thàinig air laogh mear galar nach do

shaoil a mhàthair a lively calf has

often taken a disease his mother never

thought of)

□

nuair a thig air duine

thig air uile it never rains but it pours

(proverb – lit. when it comes on one

it comes on all) 3. mention, talk about

□

… gun tighinn air cion airgid… not to

mention lack of money

□

ach cha b’

ann air taibhsean a bha e tighinn but

it wasn’t ghosts he was talking about

thig an aghaidh contravene

thig beò air live upon / exist upon

□

tha

iad a’ tighinn beò air duilleagan is

cuileagan they live on leaves and ﬂies

thig do become, beﬁt

□

chan ann

dhuinn a thig e a bhith bruidhinn air

dìoghaltas it does not become us to be

speaking of revenge

□

… mar a

thigeadh do dhuine reusanta …as

would become / beﬁt a reasonable

man

□

tha an ad sin a’ tighinn dhut /

riut gu math that hat suits you well

thig geàrr air miss (fall short of ), want

thig gu accrue to, come to

thig ri(s) suit

□

tha e a’ tighinn riut

it suits you

□

bha an dùthaich seo

a’ tighinn riutha this country suited

them

□

cha robh am fuachd a’ tighinn

ris the cold didn’t suit him

□

cha robh

seo a’ tighinn ri a chàil this didn’t suit

his taste

□

… ma thuirt duine rudeigin

nach tigeadh ris…if anyone said

something that didn’t suit him

□

thig ri

chèile get on (together)

□

bha iad a’

tighinn ri chèile gu dòigheil they were

getting on (together) nicely

thig suas ri match, equal, come up to

□

cha robh tè eile a thigeadh suas

rithe there wasn’t another woman to

equal her

Note also: cha tig as dhomh gun

aontachadh ris na tha thu ag iarraidh

I cannot but agree to what you ask (it

will not come out of it for me without

agreeing etc.)

□

see also thuige

579 theirig

thoir, toirt irreg v give, bring, take – the

meaning is usually made clear by the

prep used – see below

This verb is irregular in the Past tense, the

Independent future, the Relative future

and the Independent Imperfect /

Conditional Tense.

Note that, for reasons of clarity,

only those meanings based on ‘give’

are given in the following section.

ACTIVE VOICE:

Past tense

1. Indep.: thug mi I gave

2. Dep.: an tug thu? did you give?

cha tug mi I didn’t give nach tug

thu? didn’t you give?

Future tense

1. Indep.: bheir mi I shall give

2. Dep. (reg.): an toir thu? will you

give? cha toir mi I will not

give nach toir thu? will you not

give?

Relative future: – note that there is no

special rel fut tense

□

seo am bòrd

a bheir mi dhut this is the table I will

give [to] you.

Imperfect / conditional tense

1. Indep.: bheirinn I would give

bheireadh e he would give

2. Dep. (reg.): an toirinn? would

I give? an toireadh tu? would you

give? cha toirinn I would not give

an toireadh e would he give? nach

toireadh iad? wouldn’t they give?

PASSIVE VOICE:

Past tense

1. Indep.: thugadh (it) was given

2. Dep.: an tugadh? was (it) given?

Future tense

1. Indep.: bheirear (it) will be

given

2. Dep.(reg.): an toirear? will (it) be

given? cha toirear (it) will not

be given nach toirear? won’t (it)

be given?

Relative future : ma bheirear if (it) will

be given

Imperfect / conditional tense

1. Indep.: bheirteadh (it) would be

given

2. Dep. (reg.) an toirteadh? would

(it) be given? cha toirteadh (it)

wouldn’t be given nach

toirteadh? wouldn’t (it) be given?

Imperative mood

thoir dhomh give [to] me sing thoiribh

dhomh give [to] me pl & polite

Basic examples: thoir (rudeigin) do

(chuideigin) give, present (something)

to (someone)

□

thug mi dha an

t-airgead I gave [to] him the money /

I gave the money to him

□

an tug thu

dha an leabhar? cha tug. cha tug mi

dha an leabhar did you give him the

book? no. I didn’t give him the book

□

nach tug thu dha e? thug / cha tug

didn’t you give it to him? yes / no

□

bheir mi dhaibh airgead I shall give

them money

□

an toir thu leat an cù

a-nochd? cha toir. cha toir mi leam an

cù a-nochd will you bring / take the

dog [with you] tonight? no. I won’t

bring / take the dog [with me] tonight

□

nach toir thu leat e? won’t you bring /

take him?

□

bheirinn dhut e nam bit-

headh e agam I would give you it if

I had it

□

bheireadh e dhi a h-uile càil

a bhitheadh aige he would give her

everything he had

□

dh’fhaighnich e

dhiom an toirinn dha airgead he asked

me if I would give him money

□

toireadh tu cobhair dhaibh? cha

toireadh. cha toirinn cobhair dhaibh

would you give them help? no I would

not give them help

□

an toireadh esan

(cobhair dhaibh)? cha toireadh. cha

toireadh esan cobhair dhaibh would

he (give them help)? no. he wouldn’t

help them

□

thugadh duais dha a prize

was given to him / he was given a prize

□

an tugadh leabhar dha? was a book

given to him? / was he given a book?

□

nach tugadh airgead dhi? thugadh /

cha tugadh wasn’t money given to her?

yes / no

□

bheirear airgead dhaibh

money will be given to them

□

toirear duais dhut? bheirear / cha

toirear will a reward be given to you? /

will you be given a reward? yes / no

□

cha toirear cuideachadh dhuinn help

will not be given to us / we will not be

given help

□

nach toirear biadh dhaibh

won’t they be given food?

□

bheirear cuideachadh dhaibh bidh iad

taingeil if help is (will be) given to

them they will be thankful

□

is iad seo

na leabhraichean a bheirear dhaibh

mar dhuaisean these are the books

that will be given to them as prizes

□

bheirteadh mòran airgid dhaibh

they would be given a lot of money

□

an toirteadh duaisean dhaibh?

bheirteadh / cha toirteadh would

rewards be given to them? yes / no

□

cha toirteadh mòran dhut you

wouldn’t be given much

□

nach

toirteadh iasg dhuinn? wouldn’t we

be given ﬁsh?

□

thoir dhomh

do chòta give [to] me your coat

theirig 580

sing

□

thoiribh dhomh ur còtaichean

give [to] me your coats pl & polite

As stated above, the basic meanings

of this verb are ‘take’ and ‘give’, the

meanings usually being made clear by

the preps used. However, thoir is also

used in a number of idioms where

these basic meanings are, perhaps, not

quite so clear. In the following sections

the various idiomatic usages will be

grouped under the basic meanings of

‘take’, ‘give’ and ‘others’

1. give: thoir air ais (do) restore, return,

give back (to)

□

thoir gèill (do) yield,

submit (to) (lit. give submission to)

□

chan eil mi deònach gèill a thoirt do

ainneart I am unwilling to submit to

force

□

thoir sanas advertise

□

thoir

breith air pass judgement on (lit. give

a judgement on)

□

and similarly: thoir

binn a-mach air pronounce judgement

on, sentence

□

thoir breith an aghaidh

discriminate against

□

thoir (airgead)

air pay (money) for

□

thug e ceud not

air he paid (i.e. gave) a hundred

pounds for it

□

bheir mi dhut leth-

cheud sgillinn air I’ll give you 50 p for

□

thoir (rudeigin) seachad (do) give

(something) up (to), give over (to),

devote (to), peddle, present

□

bidh aon

de na trì làithean air a thoirt seachad

buileach do cheistean sàbhailteachd

one of the three days will be entirely

devoted to safety questions

□

thoir

thairis overtire oneself, give up (lit.

give over)

□

bha e a’ smaoineachadh

gun tug a chompanaich thairis he

thought that his companions had tired

themselves out / had given up

□

cha

mhòr nach robh mi air dùil a thoirt

thairis I had almost given up hope

□

thoir cobhair do give help / assistance

to, second

□

thoir rabhadh do warn,

give a warning to

thoir an aire (do) pay attention (to),

notice (lit. give the attention (to)

□

thug

mi an aire gun robh e na sheasamh an

sin I noticed he was standing there

But note also thoir fa-near notice

(from fo’n aire under the attention,

observation etc.)

□

thug e fa-near gun

robh fear eile ann he noticed that there

was another man there

□

thug mi

fa-near gun robh e na b’fhaisge orm

a-nise I realised / became aware that he

was nearer to me now

□

but note

also: bha iad a’ feuchainn ri rudeigin

a thoirt fa-near dhuinn they were try-

ing to bring something to our attention

thoir tarraing air allude to, remark

upon, make a reference to

□

thug e

tarraing air na h-atharrachaidhean

a thàinig air a’ bhaile he remarked

upon the changes that had come over

the town

2. take: thoir bho take from

□

thug e an

t-airgead bhuam he took the money

from me

□

thoir air ais (bho / o)

reclaim, withdraw, take back (from)

□

thoir car às trick, deceive, dupe, cheat

(lit. take a turn / trick from)

□

thug e an

car asam he tricked me

□

thoir air

bòrd take on board

□

… far an tug i air

bòrd luchd … where she took on board

a cargo

□

thoir ceum step, take a

step

□

thug e ceum eile he took another

step

□

thoir uachdar dhe skim (take

the top off)

□

thoir à / às abstract,

extract, take out of

□

thoir a dh’ain-

deoin force

□

and also: thoir air

falbh (bho / o) bereave, deduct from,

subtract, take away from, withdraw

trans

□

thoir air falbh sia bho dheich

subtract six from ten

□

toirt air falbh

deduction

thoir (ùine / tìde) take / spend (time)

□

tha e a’ toirt ùine mhòr it takes a long

time

□

thoir ùine ri give time to, spend

time on

□

dè an ùine a bheir thu ris an

obair? what time will you give to the

job? / spend on the job / how long will

the job take you?

□

bha e a’ toirt fada

gun tilleadh he was taking a long time

in returning – see gun (prep.)

□

thug

iad seachdain an Ceap Breatann they

spent a week in Cape Breton

□

thug

iad mìos a’falbh na dùthcha they spent

a month travelling the country

□

tha e

air trì mìosan a thoirt an Leòdhas he

has spent three months on Lewis

□

thug iad tìde agus saothair gu’n

dèanamh they took time and labour to

make

thoir (rudeigin / àiteigin) ort go to

(something / somewhere) – lit. take

something / somewhere upon you

□

thug e a leabaidh air he went to bed

□

thug mi am monadh orm I went to the

moor

Some idioms employ adverbs:

thoir a-mach acquire, reach,

attain, gain (lit. take out) give out,

581 theirig