They are usually very forceful, they contain words, reach in meaning. Sometimes
they are ambiguous (двусмысленные) because of the correspondent’s intentions.
(e.g. “Many Vehicles Marooned in Blizzard” The Guardian)
The brief news items.
They should be very compact, and should be stereotype. They are of the matter-of-
fact. It states facts without giving explicit comments. The language of the
vocabulary which is used in the newspaper items is neutral or common-literary. The
principal function is to inform the reader. Besides that the brief news items have
very specific features:
newspaper clichés i.e. stereotyped expressions, commonplace phrases familiar
to the reader (vital issue, pressing problem, informed sources, dangerous of
war…). Clichés more than anything else reflect the traditional manner of
expression in newspaper writing.
the use of abbreviations (NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization, EEC –
European Economic Community). Among them abbreviated terms – names of
organizations, public and state bodies, industrial and other companies;
a specific word-order (unconventional sentences are very common) the
purpose is to give expression; e.g. “Brighton council yesterday approved a
$22,500 scheme to have parking meters operating in the centre of the town by
March” (The Times)
very specific vocabulary (very short words) usually polysemantic: a bid - a
proposal, an effort – a try, to cut – to reduce:
the use of neologisms (paparazzi). These are very common in newspaper
vocabulary. The newspaper is very quick to react to any new development in
the life of society, in science and technology. So neologisms make their way
into the language of the newspaper very easily and often even spring up on
newspaper pages (a teach-in = a form of campaigning through heated
political discussion: a splash down – the act of bringing a spacecraft to a
water surface).
13.Figurative Language. Metaphor and epithet. Simile.
Figurative language is not used merely for ornament but it is also informative and
emotional. In analyzing imagery it is of primary importance to set the ground for
comparison as it gives the key for further interpretation.
The imagery is used for drawing the readers attention and focusing on it.
The core of the figurative language is the tropes, based on the transference of lexical
meaning. Central to the tropes is the metaphor, in which the transference of
meaning is based on the similarities between 2 concepts. (the wind nurses the
borsches. – similarity with movement of the cradle. )
Metaphor is often said to be covered (hidden) simile. From the point of view of the
image in the simile the 2 objects which are compared are explicit, and even the