Сарычева Л.И. Физика фундаментальных взаимодействий
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2
I I
3
Q
q
/e s c b t
u 1/2 1/2 2/3
d 1/2 −1/2 −1/3
s −1/3 −1
c 2/3
b −1/3 −1
t 2/3
I
I
3
Q
q
/e
s c b t
Y =
B+s+c+b+t
I
3
Q
Y Q = I
3
+ (1/2)Y
”
“
e µ τ
ν
e
ν
µ
ν
τ
J = (n +
1
2
)¯h
n = 0 1 . . .
Q
i
m
P
Q
i
= 0
Q
i
−1 −1/3
ν
e
e d u
m < 17
2 2 2 2
ν
µ
µ s c
m < 270
2 2 2 2
ν
τ
τ b t
m < 35
2 2 2 2
L
e
+1 e
−
ν
e
L
µ
+1 µ
−
ν
µ
L
τ
+1 τ ν
τ
B = 0
J = n¯h n =
0
1 . . .
g γ W
±
Z
0
G
G
γ < 3 · 10
−27
W
±
±1
2
Z
0
2
g
1
, . . . , g
8
H
0
, H
±
> 100
2
−
γ W
±
Z
0
g
1
, . . . g
8
G H
0
, H
±
q¯q
q
1
q
2
q
3
1 ÷ 4
2
π
±
2.6 · 10
−8
π
±
→ µ
±
+ ν (u
¯
d) (¯ud)
1
−
(0
−+
) π
0
0.83 · 10
−16
π
0
→ γ + γ (u¯u − d
¯
d)/
√
2
η η
0
Γ = 1.18± η → γ + γ 3π
0
c
1
(u¯u + d
¯
d)+
0
+
(0
−+
) ±0.11 → π
+
π
−
π
0
+c
2
(s¯s)
K
±
1.237 · 10
−8
K
±
→ µ
±
+ ν (u¯s) (¯us)
K
0
s
0.892 · 10
−10
K
0
s
→ π
+
+ π
−
(d¯s)
K
0
l
5.183 · 10
−8
K
0
l
→ π
0
+ π
0
+ π
0
(d¯s)
D
±
10.69 · 10
−13
D
±
→ e
±
+ X (c
¯
d) ¯cd)
D
0
4.28 · 10
−13
D
0
→ e
+
+ X
−
(c¯u)
F
±
= D
±
s
4.36 · 10
−13
D
±
s
→ ρ
0
+ π
±
(c¯s) ¯cs)
B
±
13.1 · 10
−13
B
±
→ D
0
+ π
±
(u
¯
b) (¯ub)
B
0
13.1 · 10
−13
B
0
→ D
0
+ π
0
+ ¯n (d
¯
b) (
¯
db)
p > 10
33
uud
n 898 ± 16 n
0
→ p + e
−
+ ν udd
Λ 2.63 · 10
−10
Λ
0
→ p + π
−
uds
Σ
+
0.8 · 10
−10
Σ
+
→ p + π
0
uus
Σ
0
5.8 · 10
−20
Σ
0
→ Λ + γ uds
Σ
−
1.48 · 10
−10
Σ
−
→ n + π
0
dds
Ξ
0
2.9 · 10
−10
Ξ
0
→ Λ + π
0
uss
Ξ
−
1.64 · 10
−10
Ξ
−
→ Λ + π
−
dss
Ω
−
0.8 · 10
−10
Ω
−
→ Λ + K
−
sss
Λ
+
c
0.2 · 10
−12
Λ
+
c
→ ucs
Σ
c
Σ
c
→ Λ
+
c
+ π usc
Ξ
+
c
0.3 · 10
−12
Ξ
+
c
→ Ξ
−
π
+
π
+
dsc
Λ
0
b
1.22 · 10
−12
Λ
0
b
→ Λ
+
c
l
−
¯ν
l
udb
u d
s
c
b
B = 0
L = 0 B = 1
L = 0
I
2I + 1
. . .
π
+
π
−
π
0
Z N
Z + N = A
1 ≤ A ≤ 289 1 ≤ Z ≤ 116.
J J
q ˆq
l
ˆ
l
γ ˆγ
g ˆg
W
±
ˆ
W
±
Z
0
ˆ
Z
0
H
±,0
ˆ
H
R = 3B + L + 2J,
B
L J
R = +1
R = −1
a b
c
i
a + b → a
′
+ b
′
+ c
1
+ c
2
+ . . . + c
n
• L
• S
• C
• M
p
b
=
0 E
b
= m
b
c
2
P
a
{p
a
, E
a
/c} P
b
{0, m
b
c}
P
p
i
= 0
p
∗
a
+ p
∗
b
= 0
∗
◦
p
a
= 0 E
a
= m
a
c
2
P
a
{0, m
a
c}
P
b
{p
b
, E
b
/c}
L
a M
b C
C L
L
−1
=
γ
c
0 0 γ
c
β
c
0 1 0 0
0 0 1 0
γ
c
β
c
0 0 γ
c
.
A {x
1
x
2
x
3
x
4
} L
A = L
−1
A
∗
,
A
∗
{x
∗
1
x
∗
2
x
∗
3
x
∗
4
} C
L C
A
∗
= L · A,
L =
γ
c
0 0 −γ
c
β
c
0 1 0 0
0 0 1 0
−γ
c
β
c
0 0 γ
c
x, y, z, ct
x, y, z, ct
C x
∗
y
∗
z
∗
ct
∗
C v
x
∗
x
L
C
x = γ
c
(x
∗
+ vt
∗
), y = y
∗
, z = z
∗
, t = γ
c
t
∗
+
v
c
2
x
′
,
γ
c
=
1
√
1 −β
2
=
E
mc
2
.
P
∗
(p
∗
x
p
∗
y
p
∗
z
E
∗
) C
L
p
x
p
y
p
z
E
= L
−1
p
∗
x
p
∗
y
p
∗
z
E
∗
=
γ
c
0 0 γ
c
β
c
0 1 0 0
0 0 1 0
γ
c
β
c
0 0 γ
c
·
p
∗
x
p
∗
y
p
∗
z
E
∗
.
p
x
= γ
c
(p
∗
x
+ β
c
E
∗
), p
y
= p
∗
y
, p
z
= p
∗
z
, E = γ
c
(E
∗
+ β
c
p
∗
x
).
P(p
x
p
y
p
z
E) L
C L
p
∗
x
p
∗
y
p
∗
z
E
∗
= L
p
x
p
y
p
z
E
=
γ
c
0 0 −γ
c
β
c
0 1 0 0
0 0 1 0
−γ
c
β
c
0 0 γ
c
·
p
x
p
y
p
z
E
.
p
∗
x
= γ
c
(p
x
− β
c
E), p
∗
y
= p
y
, p
∗
z
= p
z
, E
∗
= γ
c
(E − β
c
p
x
).
P{~p, E}
P
2
= E
2
− p
2
= m
2
P
(P
i
)
2
=
n
P
i=1
E
2
i
−
n
P
i=1
p
2
i
= M
2
; M
2
ij
= E
1
·E
2
−~p
1
~p
2
M
2
= (P
a
+ P
b
− P
c
)
2
; M
2
= (
P
i
P
i
)
2