Amaro A., Reed D., Soares P. (editors) Modelling Forest Systems

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log(DBHob*100)=1.02*log(Age), Ashton (1976)

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450

DBHob (metres)

Ashton (2001), Victoria

Patton (1919), Victoria

SX004C, Tasmania

Coupe Registers, Tasmania

Eq. 1, Present Work

Age (years)

2a.

2b.

3a.

3b.

(b)

Plate 1. Observed DBH

versus age for individual trees, plus various models. (Data from Patton, 1919

and Ashton, 2001.)

Plate 2. (a) Images before and after rectification. The focal length was 28 mm, taken 44 m from the tree,

DBH

= 3.85 m, height = 57.5 m. (b) Stages in the process of digitizing the trunk to obtain taper.

Plate 3. Examples of decay in mature (400 ± 50 years) trees (location in Brown, 2001). (a) The ‘Chapel Tree’,

DBH

= 5.92 m. (b) The ‘Big Stump’, DBH

= 5.87 m. (c) (appears overleaf) The ‘Maydena Buttlog’,

DBH

= 4.08 m.

3c.

Plate 4. Area of Eucalyptus regnans clearfelled, burnt and reforested (low vegetation) below an area subject to a

stand replacement fire (tall white stags, probably resulting from an escaped ‘regen’ burn), Styx Valley, Tasmania.

Plate 5. Frame from animation of carbon sequestration for the O’Shannessy catchment in the Central Highlands of

Victoria at starting year (2002). The animation of the total carbon accumulation was calculated within about 20

seconds for a period of 200 years. The advantage of animations will be mainly in visualizing different land-use

scenarios.

Amaro Forests Prelims 25/7/03 11:03 am Page i

MODELLING FOREST SYSTEMS

Amaro Forests Prelims 25/7/03 11:03 am Page ii

Amaro Forests Prelims 25/7/03 11:03 am Page iii

MODELLING FOREST SYSTEMS

Edited by

A. Amaro

Department of Mathematics

Instituto Superior de Gestão

Lisbon, Portugal

D. Reed

School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science

Michigan Technological University

USA

and

P. Soares

Department of Forestry

Instituto Superior de Agronomia

Lisbon, Portugal

CABI Publishing

Amaro Forests Prelims 25/7/03 11:03 am Page iv

CABI Publishing is a division of CAB International

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eproduced in any form or by any means, electronically,

mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior

permission of the copyright owners.

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library,

London, UK.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Modelling forest systems / edited by A. Amaro, D. Reed and P. Soares.

p. cm.

Papers fr

om a workshop held in Sesimbra, Portugal, June 2–5, 2002.

Includes bibliographical references.

ISBN 0-85199-693-0

1. Forests and forestry

--Mathematical models--Congr

esses.

2. Forest ecology--Mathematical models--Congresses. 3. Forest manage-

ment--Mathematical models--Congr

esses. I. Amaro, A. (Ana), 1960– II.

Reed, D. (David), 1956– III. Soares, P. (Paula), 1967–

SD387.M33 M63 2003

634.9

015118--dc21

2002154262

ISBN 0 85199 693 0

Typeset in Palatino by Columns Design Ltd, Reading

Printed and bound in the UK by Biddles Ltd, Guildfor

d and King’s Lynn

Amaro Forests Prelims 25/7/03 11:03 am Page v

Contents

Contributors

Preface

Part 1: Forest Reality and Modelling Strategies 1

1. Suggestions for Choosing an Appropriate Level for 3

Modelling Forest Stands

H.E. Burkhart

2. Mapping Lodgepole Pine Site Index in Alberta 11

R.A. Monserud and S. Huang

3. Growth Modelling of Eucalyptus regnans for Carbon 27

Accounting at the Landscape Scale

C. Dean, S. Roxburgh and B. Mackey

4. Spatial Distribution Modelling of Forest Attributes Coupling 41

Remotely Sensed Imagery and GIS Techniques

G. Chirici, P. Corona, M. Marchetti, F. Maselli and L. Bottai

5. Algorithmic and Interactive Approaches to Stand Growth 51

Modelling

M. Hauhs, F.-J. Knauft and H. Lange

6. Linking Process-based and Empirical Forest Models in 63

Eucalyptus Plantations in Brazil

A.C. Almeida, R. Maestri, J. Landsberg and J.S. Scolforo

7. A Strategy for Growth and Yield Research in Pine and Eucalypt 75

Plantations in Komatiland Forests in South Africa

H. Kotze

Amaro Forests Prelims 25/7/03 11:03 am Page vi

vi Contents

Part 2: Mathematical Approaches and Reasoning 85

8. Quantitative Tools and Strategies for Modelling Forest 87

Systems at Different Scales

R.L. Amateis

9. GLOBTREE: an Individual Tree Growth Model for 97

Eucalpytus globulus in Portugal

P. Soares and M. Tomé

10. Modelling Dominant Height Growth: Effect of Stand Density 111

C. Meredieu, S. Perret and P. Dreyfus

11. Testing for Temporal Dependence of Pollen Cone Production 123

in Jack Pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.)

S. Magnussen, F.A. Quintana, V. Nealis and A.A. Hopkin

12. Spatial Stochastic Modelling of Cone Production from Stone 131

Pine (Pinus pinea L.) Stands in the Spanish Northern Plateau

N. Nanos, R. Calama, N. Cañadas, C. Garcia and G. Montero

13. Modelling the Carbon Sequestration of a Mixed, 143

Uneven-aged, Managed Forest using the Process

Model SECRETS

G. Deckmyn, R. Ceulemens, D. Rasse, D.A. Sampson, J. Garcia

and B. Muys

14. An Allometric-Weibull Model for Interpreting and 157

Predicting the Dynamics of Foliage Biomass on Scots Pine

Branches

R. Fleming and T.R. Burns

15. Diameter Distribution Models and Height–Diameter 169

Equations for Estonian Forests

A. Kiviste, A. Nilson, M. Hordo and M. Merenäkk

16. Modelling the Diameter at Breast Height Growth of Populus 181

 euramericana Plantations in Spain

F. Rodriguez, J.A. De la Rosa and A. Aunós

17. Stand Growth and Productivity of Mountain Forests in 189

Southern Siberia in a Changing Climate

N.M. Tchebakova and E.I. Parfenova

Part 3: Estimation Processes 199

18. Estimation and Application of Size-biased Distributions in 201

Forestry

J.H. Gove

Amaro Forests Prelims 25/7/03 11:03 am Page vii

Contents vii

19. The SOP Model: the Parameter Estimation Alternatives 213

A. Amaro

20. Evaluating Estimation Methods for Logistic Regression 225

in Modelling Individual-tree Mortality

V. Alenius, H. Hökkä, H. Salminen and S. Jutras

21. Using Process-dependent Groups of Species to Model the 237

Dynamics of a Tropical Rainforest

N. Picard, S. Gourlet-Fleury and P. Sist

22. Modelling Current Annual Height Increment of Young 249

Douglas-ﬁr Stands at Different Sites

P.J. Radonja, M.J. Koprivica and V.S. Lavadinovic

23. Simulation and Sustainability of Cork Oak Stands 259

N. Ribeiro, A. Oliveira, P. Surovy and H. Pretzsch

Part 4: Models, Validation and Decision Under Uncertainty 267

24. A Critical Look at Procedures for Validating Growth and 271

Yield Models

S. Huang, Y. Yang and Y. Wang

25. Model Testing by Means of Cost-plus-loss Analyses 295

T. Eid

26. Regulating the Yield of Goods and Services from Forests: 307

Developing Tools to Support Management Decisions and

Policy Development for Multiple Objective Forest

Management

P. van Gardingen

27. CAPSIS: Computer-aided Projection for Strategies in 319

Silviculture: Advantages of a Shared Forest-modelling

Platform

F. de Coligny, P. Ancelin, G. Cornu, B. Courbaud, P. Dreyfus,

F. Goreaud, S. Gourlet-Fleury, C. Meredieu and L. Saint-André

28. Expected Volume and Value of Structural-dimension Lumber 325

from 25-, 30-, 35-, 40- and 50-year-old Loblolly Pine Plantation

Timber

H.F. Carino and E.J. Biblis

29. Comparing Models for Growth and Management of Forest 335

Tracts

J.J. Colbert, M. Schuckers and D. Fekedulegn