WCRP- 132, WMO/TD - No 1526, SPARC Report No 5, 2010, 600 pp.
Three-dimensional climate models with a fully interactive representation of stratospheric ozone chemistry — otherwise known as stratosphere-resolving chemistry-climate models (CCMs) — are key tools for the attribution and prediction of stratospheric ozone changes arising from the combined effects of changes in the amounts of greenhouse gases (GHG) and ozone-depleting substances (ODS). These models can also be used to infer potential effects of stratospheric changes on the climate of the troposphere. In order to know how much confidence can be placed in the results from the CCMs, both individually and collectively, it is necessary to assess their performance by comparison with observations and known physical constraints.
The Stratospheric Processes And their Role in Climate (SPARC) core project of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) initiated the CCM Validation (CCMVal) activity in 2003 to coordinate exactly such an evaluation.
Contents
Lists of Authors, Reviewers and Modelling Groups
Preface
Introduction
Chemistry Climate Models and Scenarios
Radiation
Stratospheric Dynamics
Transport
Stratospheric Chemistry
Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere
Natural Variability of Stratospheric Ozone
Long-term projections of stratospheric ozone
Effects of the stratosphere on the troposphere
References
Appendices
Three-dimensional climate models with a fully interactive representation of stratospheric ozone chemistry — otherwise known as stratosphere-resolving chemistry-climate models (CCMs) — are key tools for the attribution and prediction of stratospheric ozone changes arising from the combined effects of changes in the amounts of greenhouse gases (GHG) and ozone-depleting substances (ODS). These models can also be used to infer potential effects of stratospheric changes on the climate of the troposphere. In order to know how much confidence can be placed in the results from the CCMs, both individually and collectively, it is necessary to assess their performance by comparison with observations and known physical constraints.
The Stratospheric Processes And their Role in Climate (SPARC) core project of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) initiated the CCM Validation (CCMVal) activity in 2003 to coordinate exactly such an evaluation.
Contents
Lists of Authors, Reviewers and Modelling Groups
Preface
Introduction
Chemistry Climate Models and Scenarios
Radiation
Stratospheric Dynamics
Transport
Stratospheric Chemistry
Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere
Natural Variability of Stratospheric Ozone
Long-term projections of stratospheric ozone
Effects of the stratosphere on the troposphere
References
Appendices