
INDEX 725
Diabetic patients
chest pain in, 84
ischemic heart disease in, 202
sinusitis in, 141
Diagnosis, physician’s inability to determine, 9
Diagnostic tests
cost containment implications of, 683-685
“golden rule” of, 683
Dialysis. See also Hemodialysis; Peritoneal dialysis
gastrointestinal, 474-475
Diaphoresis, hypoglycemia-related, 316
Diaphragm, rupture of, 603
Diarrhea
AIDS-related, 344
antibiotic treatment for, 358
bacterial, differentiated from viral, 441
bloody, in children, 357-358
in children, 358, 441
as starvation ketosis cause, 310
traveler’s, 357, 358f
Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning, 356
Diazepam, 672, 674-675t
as seizure treatment, 116
Differential diagnosis, formulation of, 8-9
Digits
amputated, 635
devascularized/partially attached, 635
reimplantation of, 635
Digoxin, 198-199
Digoxin immune Fab, as poisoning treatment, 478, 527
Digoxin poisoning, 527
Dihydroergotamine, as headache treatment, 103t
Dimenhydrinate, 95-96t
Diphenhydramine, 95-96t, 674-675t
Diphtheria, 450
Diplopia, blow-out fracture-related, 588, 590
“Dirty bomb,” 702
Discharge, from emergency department, 10
of alcoholic patients, 482-483
of asthma patients, 175-176
of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients,
178-179
of elderly patients, 44-45
of electrical injury patients, 393t
of epistaxis (nosebleed) patients, 137, 137b
of gastrointestinal hemorrhage patients, 239
of lightning injury patients, 393t
of pediatric patients, 466
febrile patients, 420-421
of renal colic patients, 259
Disequilibrium, 107
Disseminated intravascular coagulation, 287
during pregnancy, 613-614
sepsis-related, 327
as thrombocytopenia cause, 284
Distal interphalangeal joint, osteoarthritis of, 368-369
Distracting injuries, in spinal trauma patients, 576
Diuresis
alkaline, as salicylate overdose treatment, 491
forced, 475
as hyperkalemia treatment, 304
as increased intracranial pressure treatment, 585
postobstruction, 268
Diuretics
as hyponatremia cause, 304
loop, as gout risk factor, 373
Diverticula, 245
Diverticulitis, 245, 247
Diving emergencies, 397
Dix-Hallpike maneuver, 107-109
Dizziness, 107
Dobutamine, action mechanism of, 31
Dog bites, 335, 500-501
Dogs, antifreeze toxicity in, 486
Dolasetron mesylate, 95-96t
“Doll’s eyes,” 71
Domestic violence, 613. See also Child abuse; Elder
abuse; Intimate partner violence
definition of, 677
Done nomogram, 490
Donut sign, of intussusception, 443
Dopamine, action mechanism of, 31
DOPE (mnemonic), for management of ventilated
patients, 173
Doughnut sign, of intussusception, 443
Down syndrome, 575
DR FLIP (mnemonic), for peripheral vertigo, 107
DR. MAPLES (mnemonic), for elevated anion gap
evaluation, 307
Dressings, hemostatic, 289
Dronabinol, 95-96t
Drop attacks, 113
Droperidol, 95-96t, 674-675t
in alcoholic patients, 482
as chemical restraint, 672
Drowning, 395-396
Drug abuse. See also Drugs of abuse
intimate partner violence-related, 678
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic
symptoms (DRESS), 378-379t, 379
Drug reactions
cutaneous, 377, 378-379t, 379
in elderly patients, 41-42
in HIV-infected patients, 345
Drug screens, 517. See also Toxicology screens
for cocaine use, 521
Drugs. See also specific drugs
as acute psychosis cause, 660
as depression cause, 664
as hyperkalemia cause, 303
as lactic acidosis cause, 308
ophthalmologic, 131
prescription practices for, 684
as urinary retention cause, 281
Dry drownings, 395
Dry socket, 152, 152b
Duodenal ulcers, 236
Duodenitis, 237
Dysequilibrium syndrome, 281
Diuresis (Continued)