Нелюбин Л.Л. Введение в технику перевода

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,  ,  XXI , 

,   ,     ,  

,  

. , , 

, , 

, , 

, .

 XX 

  .    , 

,     .     

. 

. 

   .      

  30 

. .

, , 

.  1953 . , 

 1963 .  , 

:

– ; 

;

– , , , 

  ,       , 

, ;

– , , , , 

, ;

–  ,  ,   ,    ,  

, .

XX      ,    



.       ,   

;       ,  , 

, – .

        .   50–60 

      ,  

, .

 XX         

   .      



.

         ,  

,  1953 .  «

 »,     ,  

   . .       

. 

) , , 

.

.     .     

» (1927), «» (1941) 

          . 

, . 

,    ,   

   ,   ,  

        ,  

, , , .

, 

,  . ,     –  1958   

 »,  1968 .  1983 .  « » 

» .

,  ,         

. . .

         

     (, , ), 

    ,    ,    

, . . , -

 , ,    . .  ,

           ,

.

.       ,   

       -

 ,  

.

     .     

 . , . , . , . , .

, . , .    .   

         

.





   .       ,

      (   ). 

   ,      

  . ,      

       . 

, , , , .

          

 : PRESSI ( HERSON )

 , . .  ,   , 

      .  ,    

          

. , . 

      : (1) ,  

  ,       ; (2)

; (3) .

 .      .  

 ,     ;   

, 

        .   

  . .   .      ,

          – 

    .     

.



       

, . .

      .   

. ,

. . , ,  , ,

        . 

. 

, .

, 

.         ,

       ,      ,

, . 

           

    : , ,

, ,   .    

   «» (   ),

» (  ), «» (  ,

 ).          

;       ,   

 ;         .   

   ,     

,  , . 

        ,  

.

.     :  ,

 ,    ,    

, , 

   . , ,   , 

      .  ,  .

,     ,  ,   

, . . ,      .  ,

  ,   « ».   

      , 

           . 

,  ,        

, .



        

.     . ,  (. ) 

        

.     .   

         – ,

,   .   ,  

, 

   .     ,  

, .        

.

 () 

         

. , 

 (, , , . . ), 

. 

. , 

  ,   .   

            

. , ,

  ,    .     

, .

        .

. , , 

.



    ,  , -

      ,  

     . ,   

, . 

, . , , 

         

. , 

 : PRESSI ( HERSON )

  (.: .  . ),   

.

. 

: (1) , 

; (2) ,

    ,   

       ; (3)     

,           

,         ; (4)  

   ,      

;

(5)       –   

, .

, . ,

       .    

     . , -

, , .  

         

.

 () 

. 

. .

, 

        

,  «».

.         

. 

     : (1)      (2) 

      (  

 – «», ).

. 

,  

,         (. . 

   ).   ,   

    ,    

.

, , 

, , , , , 

   ,   .   

,  . ,       

,         , . . 

   . ,     

  :        

, .

    .     (,

, ) , 

        ( 

).

 ,    ,  

:   ,   ,

  .   .   

,    .     

     .     

,

, .

, , . 

   ,    

, . 

,  ,    –   , 

, , . 

  ,     ,  

 ,          

.



         

        –

  ,    

 ()      

.        

. , 

, . . , 

   , , ,  ,

. , . , 



. .

        

    .   

       ,     

,   .     ,  , 

   ,    –  , 

         

, .

       . 

 –        ,

  .        –

 : PRESSI ( HERSON )

 ,    

. 

,    .

       

.   

, 

        .    

,           ,

: (1) 

; (2) ; (3) 

    .   

    ,  .  

      , 

.



     . 

. 

        

, : 

–  –  –  – .       

 ,      .

         ,  

      .    

     .   ,  

,       : 

 ,  ,    ,    .

    ,   , 

,  «» , ,

   .     – 

 – , 

.

  . ,     

   .  

     ,      . 

 .

, ,

 ,    ,    

    ,  , , 

   .       ,

,      . 

.



   .     : 

. ,

   ,       .  

     ,   

           

 ,   

.       

, .





. 

. ,       

  ,     

. ,  , 

.         

    .     



 ,        ,

   . .    

        ,

.



        . ,  

      -

 .    

  ,   ,     ,

, .), 

   ,     

,     ,   

 ,        

.

. , , 

. 

, , 

    ( ,

,  ),     – 

      , 

 .   ,   .

,    ,     

, , 

 : PRESSI ( HERSON )

 ,     ,  

 ().

        ()   1923 ,  

        ,  

.  1931 

     . .  ()    

 (, , , ). 

         

.

          

          

     1940 ,     ,   

       60-    

.

  ,       

 (

 ,    ,   ):

, , , . 

 ( 36) 

           

.





. . 

.      .  –  .      

 ()    . . 

 ( )  ,    

     ()  ().

        ()  

, ) .         

, . .          

 () .

        

,    .  

, , . . 

    .  ,    

     ,     

 ,  , . ,        

.  ,        

    ,    

.

 . , . 

   ,    :

(1)        , ); (2) 

        );

(3)       );

(4)        

  ).   .     , 

 ()    ,     (),

 .  .     «»  -

     ,     

.



 XX .  – 

  ,    (,

)  –      , 

  ,    ,   

, ,  «»

 «»   – . , . ,

. , . , .    , ,  , 

, –     (),   

    ()     

 . ,   « »    

 . ,  .  (   

),        

. , . , . , . , . , . ,

. , . , . .

 () 

,  1954 

      .  («

»,  « »),    1955       

         . , .   .

; . .

 1956          

. ,       . , 

   .  1958     

          -

 ()  . 

, .

 «», 

   . . .   ,  

, 

, 

, 

.

 : PRESSI ( HERSON )