Carson Ph., Mumford C. Hazardous Chemicals Handbook (Справочник по опасным химическим веществам)
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600 INDEX
Audits, 413, 442, 484, 485, 533, 535
Autoignition temperature:
data, 180
definition, 10
Barrier cream, See Hand protection
Bases, 11, 27, 72
Benzene, 39
Best Available Technology Not Entailing Excessive Cost
(BATNEEC), 11, 512
Best Practical Environmental Option (BPEO), 11, 512
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), 11
Biological exposure indices, 114, 115
Biological monitoring, See Monitoring
Boiling liquid expanding vapour explosion (BLEVE), 11,
178, 215, 403
Boiling point (data), 180
Boil-over, 47
Breathing apparatus, See also Respiratory protection, 434,
435
Cadmium, 118
Capture velocity, 408
Carbon dioxide:
extinguisher, 223
liquid, 261, 278
physical properties, 262
physiological properties, 151, 152, 264, 279
precautions, 152, 262, 280
sources, 151
Carbon monoxide:
physical properties, 279
physiological properties, 152
precautions, 153, 280
sources, 152
Carcinogens:
classification, 80, 119, 120, 121, 170
definition, 11, 77, 120
precautions, 143
risk assessment, 119
types, 69, 80, 159, 164
Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail Regulations 1996,
460, 593
Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road Regulations 1996,
460, 461, 594
Carriage of Explosives by Road Regulations 1996, 460,
594
Catalysts, See Chemical reaction; Precautions
Catalytic detectors, 221
Ceiling limits, 82, 111
Charcoal tubes, 314, 321, 322
Chemical engineering operations, 243, 245, 253
Chemical (Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply)
Regulations 1994 (CHIPS), 443, 594
Chemical processes:
hazard identification, 243
Chemical reaction, See also Combustion; Corrosion
catalysts, 44, 54, 148, 150
characteristics, 249, 252
endothermic, 42, 228
equations, 23
exothermic, 42, 53, 228
formulae, 23
gaseous products, 26
hazard rating, 254
hazards, 228, 231, 233, 249
heterogeneous, 50
kinetics, 14, 44, 53, 228, 244
process selection and design, 243
reactivity, 42, 228, 232
thermite, 119
Chemicals:
analysis, See Analytical techniques; Monitoring
bonds, 11, 24
compressed gases, See Compressed gases
containment, 136
control measures, See Precautions
corrosive, 12, 71, 73, 157
cryogenic, 12, 258
emission rates, 404
equations, See Chemical reactions
explosive, See also Explosive Chemicals; Explosives,
215, 235, 238
flammable, See also Fire, 178
hydrides, 232
incompatible, 120, 229, 232, 233
information on hazards, See also Information, 120
inventory, 133
irritant, 67, 157
isotopes, 390
labelling, See Labelling
mechanical handling, 134
mixtures, 5, 21, 67, 113, 138, 229
monomers, 249, 250
natural gas, See also Liquefied natural gas: Methane
oxidizing, 234
packaging, See Packaging
process design, 135, 244
pyrophoric, See Pyrophoric
pyrotechnics, 242
radioactive, 390
reactive, 44, 249
segregation, See also Spacing distances, 120, 133, 136
sources of exposure, 67, 404
storage, See also Storage, 243, 248, 249, 401, 403
substitution, 133
INDEX 601
systems of work, See Systems of work; Training
transportation, See Transportation
unstable, 228, 235, 236, 247
waste, See Pollutants; Waste
water sensitive, 54, 228, 230
Chlorine:
first aid measures, 280, 281, 429, 432
physical properties, 281
physiological properties, 280, 281
precautions, 281
reactive compounds, 231
vapour pressure, 282
Chlorocarbons, 36
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), 11
Chromium and its compounds, 30, 150
Chronic toxicity, 12, 67
Classification and Labelling of Explosives Regulations
1983, 447
Classification for packaging and supply, 443
Clean Air Act, 1993, 513
Cobalt, 30
Colorimetry, See Analytical techniques
Combustion:
chemistry, 40
products, 41, 42, 502
spontaneous, 18, 41, 43, 214, 216
Communications, 427, 428
Compound specific analyzers, 311
Compressed gases:
colour coding, 271
construction materials, 266
first aid measures, 280
hazards, 265
precautions, 272, 403
Confined space, See also Permit-to-Work system:
definition, 12
entry, 135, 417, 420
hazards, 151, 417
legislation, 417
precautions, 418, 419
Confined vapour cloud explosion, 13, 214, 215
Construction materials, 59, 60
Contact dermatitis, See Dermatitis
Containment, 135, 165, 220, 221
Control of Asbestos at Work Regulations, 148, 594
Control of Major Accident Hazard Regulations 1999, 5,
424, 594
Control of Pollution Act 1974, 519
Control of Pollution (Amendment) Act 1989, 519
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations
1999, 1, 12, 112, 119, 137, 141
Control of Waste (Registration of Carriers and Seizure of
Vehicles) Regulations 1991, 519
Conversion tables, 543
Copper, 30, 274
Corrosion, See also Chemical reaction hazards:
causes, 54
prevention, 55
rates, See also Chemical reaction kinetics, 58
Critical temperature, 52, 258
Cryogens, See Chemicals, cryogenic
Cyanides, 155, 156
Cyano compounds, 156
Dangerous Substances in Harbour Areas Regulations 1987,
444, 471
Dangerous Substances (Notification and Marking of Sites)
Regulations 1990, 595
Density, See also Vapour:
gases and vapours, 47
liquids, 49
saturated air, 48
Dermatitis, See also Sensitizers:
contact, 12, 69, 145, 150, 159, 163
sensitization, 72, 74
Design procedures, 219, 396
Detonation, 13, 215, 235
Discharge consents, 505, 507, 508, 509, 514, 516
Distillation, 247
Dust, See also Explosions; Particles; Particulates
combustible, 50, 214
explosions, 198, 200, 215, 220
masks, 434
maximum explosion pressure, 200
maximum rate of pressure rise, 200
minimum explosible concentration, 200
minimum ignition energy, 200
minimum ignition temperature, 200
monitoring, 321
particle size, 50
powered masks, 434
precautions, 220
respirable, 18, 50, 77
sources, 50, 503
total inhalable, 19
Duty of Care, 13, 519
Effluents, See also Pollution; Trade effluent; Waste:
consent conditions, See Discharge consents
control, 529
pollutants in, 503, 504, 505, 506
treatment, 529
Electrical zoning, 293, 397, 401
Electrochemical series, 44, 219
Electrochemistry, 42, 55
Emergencies:
first aid, 429
major, 424
602 INDEX
procedures, 424
procedures for drivers, 464
Emission rates, 404
Enclosure, 135, 143, 165, 406
Endothermic reactions, 13
Engines, 212, 213, 462, 466
Enthalpy, 52
Environmental:
atmospheric emissions, See Pollutants; Pollution
auditing, See Auditing
control, 528, 529, 533
hazards, See also Pollutants; Pollution, 3
impact assessment, 156, 526
legislation, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 533
monitoring, 317, 533
…Protection Act 1990, 512, 517, 597
solid waste, See Waste
sources, See Pollutants; Pollution
standards, 308
statistics, 3
Epoxy resin, 173, 174
Equipment design, 396, 404
Ethers, 37
Explosion, See also Pressure Rupture
boiling liquid expanding vapour explosion, 178, 215,
403
confined vapour cloud, 13, 178, 215
containment, 220
definition, 178, 215
dust, 199, 200, 220
steam, 19, 47, 219, 423
suppression, 200
temperature, 215
unconfined vapour cloud, 178, 215
venting, 220, 398
Explosive chemicals, See also Explosion; Explosives:
characteristic chemical groupings, 236, 237, 238
disposal methods, 246
effects, 241
fireball generation, 178
handling procedures, 241, 243, 244, 245
labelling, 447
test methods, 246
Explosives, See also Explosive chemicals; Transportation:
carriage, 447, 460, 594
compatibility groups, 456
hazard classification, 447, 455
Exposure limits, See Hygiene standards
Eye protection, 435
Filling ratio, 49
Fire, See also Chemicals, flammable:
characteristics, 410
classification, 12, 222, 224
control, 199, 219, 220
detection, 221
extinguishers:
fixed, 225, 410
portable, 223, 224
extinguishment, 222
hazards, 41
jet, 14
instruction and training, 227
point, 13
pool, 178
precautions, 223, 225
prevention, 220, 420
risk assessment, 226
statistics, 1, 2
triangle, 179
Fire Precautions (Workplace) Regulations 1997, 223, 595
First aid:
burns/scalds, 430, 431
chemical exposure, 430, 432
compressed gases, 280
cuts, 430
emergency, 429
records, 433
Flammable gas detectors, 319
Flammable range, 13, 15, 20, 179
Flash point:
data, 179, 180
definition, 13, 179, 180
determination, 179, 180
lowering, 46, 198
Foam, 222
Fog, See Mist
Force, 56, 60
Formaldehyde, 72
Fume:
definition, 14
masks, 434
rubber, 138
welding, 175
Fungicides, See also Pesticides, 160
Gas chromatography, See Analytical techniques
Gas Safety (Installation and Use) Regulations 1994, 595
Gas Safety (Management) Regulations 1996, 484
Gases, See also Asphyxiants; Compressed gases:
definition, 26
inert, 23, 72, 151, 153, 219
monitoring, See Analytical techniques; Monitoring
solubility, 46
toxic, See also Compressed gases; Hygiene standards;
Precautions, 67, 69, 72, 81, 82
Glass fibre, 173
Emergencies (Cont’d)
INDEX 603
Gloves, See Hand protection
Gluteraldehyde, 155
Gold, 30
Halogens, 28, 162, 223
Hand protection, 436
barrier cream, 437
gloves, 436, 438
skin re-conditioning cream, 437
Hazard, 3, 14, 259
Hazard and operability studies (HAZOP), 396, 399
Hazard classification, 443, 452, 453, 455, 469, 477, 478
Hazard warning labels, 394, 446, 447, 452, 461, 464
Hazardous reactions, See Chemical reaction; Corrosion;
Explosives
Hazardous waste, 14
Hazards, See Chemical process; Chemical reaction;
Confined space; Environmental hazards, 1, 398
Head protection, 436
Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974, 413
Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations
1996, 595
Health statistics, 1
Health surveillance, See Monitoring
Heavy metals, 14, 504, 505, 507
Helium, 258
Henry’s Law, 46
Herbicides, See also Pesticides, 160
Highly Flammable Liquids and Liquefied Petroleum Gas
Regulations, 198, 199, 595
Hot work:
definition, 417
hazards, 419
permit-to-work, 417, 421, 422
precautions, 421
Humidifier fever, 14
Hydrofluoric acid, 72
Hydrogen:
physical properties, 47, 213, 258, 283
precautions, 283
Hydrogen chloride:
physical properties, 284
precautions, 285
vapour pressure, 285
Hydrogen cyanide, 397
Hydrogen sulphide:
first aid, 287
physical properties, 287
physiological properties, 118, 153, 286
precautions, 153, 286
sources, 153
vapour pressure, 286, 288
Hygiene standards, 14, 81, 112, 144
Ignition:
energy, 199, 200, 213
sources, 199, 211, 213, 214
temperature (data), 213
Immiscibility, 49
Implosion, 46, 47
Incident categorization, 425
Inert gases, See also Asphyxiants; Gases, 153
Inerting, 14, 258
Information:
hazardous chemical, 3, 4, 45, 443, 519
material safety data sheets, 451, 457
supply, 147, 443, 451, 479, 519
Infrared sectroscopy, See Analytical techniques
Ionizing radiation, See also Chemicals, radioactive, 14
Insecticides, 160
chlorinated hydrocarbon, 157, 159
organophosphorous, 157, 158
Integrated Pollution Control (IPC), 14, 512
Intrinsic safety, 396, 400
Inventories, See Chemicals; Major hazards; Storage
Iron, 30
ISO 14001, 542
Isocyanates, 72, 118, 164
Isotope, 14
Ketones, 37
Kinetics, See Chemical reaction
Labelling, See also Information, 444, 446, 447
LC
50
, 15, 81
LD
50
, 15, 81
Lead, 30, 118, 594
Legionnaire’s disease, 15
Legislation:
air pollution, 512, 596
dangerous substances, 593
fire safety, 223, 595
land pollution, 517, 596
major hazards, 594
water pollution, 513, 596
Liquefaction, 26, 246, 258
Liquefied gases, See also Liquefaction; Cryogens and
individual chemicals
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), 263
physical properties, 295
precautions, 264, 292
vapour pressure, 294
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), 15, 287
hazards, 287
physical properties, 289
precautions, 292
604 INDEX
storage, 403
transportation, 483
Liquids:
density, 49
effluent, 509
flashing, 50
immiscible, 49
thermal expansion, 49, 65
vaporization, 45, 246
Magnesium, 41, 214
Maintenance, 144, 145, 413
Major hazards, 15
inventories, 5
legislation, 5, 424, 594
storage limits, 6
Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations
1992, 413
Manganese, 30
Marketing, 443
Mass transfer, 247
Material safety data sheets, See Information
Maximum Exposure Limit (MEL), 15, 82, 112
Measurement data, 543
Mechanical handling, 134
Medical screening/supervision, 137, 441
Melting, 47, 258
Mercury, 157, 161
Metal fume fever, 15
Metal working fluids, 160, 166
Metals, 29, 54
Methane, See also Liquefied natural gas; Natural gas, 41,
47, 258, 291, 484
physical properties, 295
vapour pressure, 294
Micro-organisms, 1, 138
Mineral acids, 27, 28
Mineral oils, 15, 159, 166
Mists, See also Aerosols
definition, 14
origin, 51
separation, 50, 321, 354, 355
Modifications, processes, 133, 135
Molecules, 15, 21
Monitoring, See also Analytical techniques
atmosphere, 144, 145, 314, 320
biological, 114, 115, 145, 393
environmental pollution, 535, 541
equipment operation, 135
flammable gases, 319
gases and vapours, 308
health (surveillance), 145, 146
land, 314, 318, 319
particulates, 312, 321
personal exposure, 81, 115, 308, 393
physico-chemical properties, 536
process parameters, 415
radiation, 393
solid waste, 542
standards, See also Environmental; Hygiene standards,
393
strategies, 359, 363, 387
techniques, 308, 541
water, 313, 315, 316, 317
Multiple chemical sensitivity, 16
Mustard gas, 38
Mutagens, 16
Narcotics, 77
Natural gas, See also Liquefied natural gas; Methane, 16,
484
Nickel and its compounds, 30, 151
Nitro compounds, 37
Nitrogen:
chemistry, 31
inerting, See also Confined spaces, 14, 221, 294
liquid, 258, 261
physical properties, 293, 296
physiological properties, 118
precautions, 153
Nitrogen oxides:
first aid, 299
physical properties, 298, 299
physiological properties, 154, 295
precautions, 154, 298, 300
sources, 154, 295
vapour pressure, 297
Notification procedures (new substances), 450, 451
Occupational Exposure Limit (OEL), 81, 82, 111
Occupational Exposure Standard (OES), 16, 112
Odour threshold, 16, 82, 118
Olefins, 35
Organic chemistry, 32
Organic peroxides, 237
Organometallic compounds, 217
OSHAS 18001:1999, 412
Oxidation, 25
Oxidizing agents, 16, 72, 234
Oxygen:
chemistry, 30, 301
deficiency/depletion, 16, 77, 153
enrichment, 16, 199, 301, 417
liquid, 258, 259
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) (Cont’d)
INDEX 605
physical properties, 301
precautions, 302, 417
Over-pressurization, See also Pressure rupture, 46
Ozone, 16
hazards, 303
physical properties, 303
physiological properties, 304
precautions, 304
Packaging, 445
Painting, 164, 165, 167
Paraffins, 34
Particles:
arrestment efficiencies, 529, 530
respirable, 18, 50, 77
settling velocities, 51, 528
typical size ranges, 50, 77, 78, 198
Particulates:
monitoring, 321, 354, 355
toxic, 77
Perchloroethylene, 168
Periodic table, 22
Permeation index, 437
Permit-to-Work system, 16, 422
check-lists, 423
entry into confined space, 417, 420
hazards, 419
hot work, 417, 420, 422
Peroxides, 237
Personal hygiene, 137
Personal protection, 137, 144, 433
Personal Protective Equipment Regulations 1992, 433, 596
Pesticides, See also Chemicals; Insecticides, 161, 516,
517
pH, 32, 71, 504, 507
Phase changes:
liquid–vapour, 47
solid–liquid, 47
Phosphorus, 31, 215
Physical state, See also Gas; Liquid; Solid, 26
Piping, See Plant
Planning (Hazardous Substances) Regulations 1992, 8
Plant:
commissioning, 413
design, 65, 241, 396
emergency procedures, See Emergencies
first aid, See First aid
layout, 397
installation, 411
intrinsically safe, See Intrinsic safety
maintenance, See Maintenance
operation, 411, 413
piping, 48, 134, 404, 405
pressure systems, See Pressure Systems
services/utilities, 405
ventilation, See Ventilation
Plastics:
chemical resistance, 55, 60, 61
thermal degradation, 41, 42, 167
Platinum, 151
Pneumoconioses, 17, 77
Pollutants, See also Waste:
building, 171
common sources, 171, 404, 494, 500, 501, 503, 506,
507, 509
effects, 498, 501, 502, 503, 504, 509, 511, 528
forms, 498
liquid, 503
solid, 499, 507
water, 506
Pollution, See also Pollutants; Pollution; Monitoring:
air, 308, 314, 501, 504
auditing, See Audits
control, 505, 511, 512, 528
land, 314, 507, 510
water, 313, 505
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) 16, 530, 533
Polymers, See Epoxy resins; Plastics
Precautions, See also Chemicals; Monitoring; Pollution;
Transportation:
acetylene, 274
ammonia, 276
asbestos, 148, 149
bulk transfer, 481
carbon dioxide, 151, 262
carbon monoxide, 152, 280
catalysts, 148
chemical engineering operations, 253
chlorine, 281
compressed gases, 265, 272
corrosives, 157, 165
cryogens, 260
cyanides, 155
dusts, 138, 220
explosive chemicals, 241, 243, 245, 248
flammable chemicals, 219
gluteraldehyde, 155, 157
hydrogen, 283
hydrogen chloride, 285
hydrogen sulphide, 153
inert gases, 153
insecticides, 157
irritants, 157, 165
liquefied natural gas, 264
liquefied petroleum gas, 289, 292
mercury, 157
metal working fluids, 160, 166
606 INDEX
mineral oils, 159, 166
mixtures of chemicals, 170, 171
monomer storage, 249
oxides of nitrogen, 154
oxidizing agents, 235
oxygen, 260, 302
painting, 164, 167
personal protection, See Personal protection
pesticides, 161, 515, 517
pyrophoric substances, 220
radioactive chemicals, 392, 394
rubber dust/fume, 138
synthetic resin, 172
tetrachloroethylene, 168
toxic chemicals, 120, 143
trichloroethylene, 169
water sensitive chemicals, 229, 231
welding fume, 177
Prescribed diseases, 17
Prescribed processes, 17, 145, 513
Prescribed substances, 17, 139, 145, 146, 147, 307, 472,
513, 515, 516
Pressure, 56, 57
Pressure rupture, 46, 47, 49, 57, 219
Pressure System Safety Regulations 2000, 423
Pressure systems, 17, 423
Process design, 135, 244, 397
Process hazards, 45, 243, 398
Protective clothing, 437
properties of materials, 437, 440, 441
Protective footwear, 440
Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998,
596
Pyrophoric chemicals, 17, 41, 214, 218, 220
Pyrotechnics, 241, 243, 245
Radiation-types, 391
Radioactive chemicals, See also Chemicals; Transportation
control measures, See Precautions
exposure limits, 393
hazards, 391
monitoring, 393
types, 391
Radioactive Substances (Carriage by Road) (Great Britain)
Regulations, 464
Reactive hazards, 44, 228
explosive, 235
mixtures, 231, 468
pyrophoric, 17, 214
thermal runaway, 252
unstable, 228
water-sensitive, 228
Reasonably practicable, 17
Reducing agents, 18, 72
Reduction, 25
Reportable disease, 18
Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences
(RIDDOR) Regulations 1995, 596
Respiratory fibrogens, 77
Respiratory protection:
assigned protection factor, 434
nominal protection factor, 433
types, 433
Respiratory sensitizers, See Sensitizers
Responsibilities, 413, 426, 460, 461, 462, 463, 480, 517
Risk, 18
Risk assessment, 119, 140, 223, 226, 526
Risk control, See Chemicals, control measures; Precautions
Risk phrases, 448
Rodenticides, See also Pesticides, 160
Rubber industry, 137, 138
Safety phrases, 450
Safety systems, 413, 414
Safety tests, See also Flash point determination, 459
Salts, 32, 56
Sampling strategies, 314, 354, 359, 363, 386, 387
Segregation, See also Chemicals, 136, 397
Sensitizers:
respiratory, 18, 72, 76, 173
skin, 18, 72, 74, 173
Separation distances, 293, 398, 402
Services, See Plant
Sewerage undertaking, 513
Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL), 82, 111
Sick building syndrome, 18, 170
Silica:
content, 78
types of dust, 77, 78, 79
Silver, 30
Skin absorption, See Absorption
Smoke, 18, 41
Solid:
thermal contraction, 60
thermal expansion, 60
waste disposal, See Waste
waste potential hazards, See Waste
waste treatment, See Waste
Solubility:
gas–liquid, 46
in water (data), 180
Spacing distances:
for hazardous chemicals, 398, 402
for LPG storage, 293
Special waste, 18, 517, 530
Precautions (Cont’d)
INDEX 607
Spillage, 427, 428, 429
Spontaneous combustion, See Combustion
Static electricity, 213, 214
Steam explosions, 19, 47, 219, 423
Storage, 401
drums, 403
LPG cylinders, 403
principles, 248
Substances Hazardous to Health, See also Toxic chemicals,
19, 138, 140
Substitution, 133
Sulphur, 30
Sulphur dioxide:
first aid, 280, 306
physical properties, 306
physiological properties, 69, 71, 304, 305
precautions, 305, 306
vapour pressure, 305
Suppression, 135
Surface area effects, 50, 199
Symbols for dangerous substances, 446, 452
Synthetic lubricants, 159
Synthetic resins, 172
Systemic poisons, 19, 77
Systems of work, See also Permit-to-work, 18, 220, 414,
428, 484
Teratogens, 19
Tetrachloroethylene, See Perchloroethylene
Thermal expansion, 60, 65
Thermal runaways, See also Chemical reaction, 54, 244,
248, 252
Thermodynamics, 19
Thio compounds, 37
Threshold Limit Values (TLV), 19, 81, 82, 111
Tin, 30
Toxic atmospheres:
monitoring, 308
sources, 67, 229
Toxic chemicals:
anaesthetics, See Anaesthetics
asphyxiants, See Asphyxiants
biological exposure indices, See Biological exposure
indices
carcinogens, See Carcinogens
hazard assessment, 81
hygiene standards, See Hygiene Standards
irritants, See Chemicals
mixtures, 41, 113, 170, 171
narcotics, See Narcotics
respiratory fibrogens, See Respiratory Fibrogens
risk control, See Precautions
sensitizers, See Sensitizers
synergistic effects, 114
systemic poisons, See Systemic poisons
waste, See Waste
Toxicity:
acute, 10
additive, 113
antagonistic, 113
chronic, 12
classification criteria, See also Hazard classification,
15, 68, 455
rating system, 81, 455
synergistic, 113
Trade effluent, 19, 503
Trade Effluents (Prescribed Processes and Substances)
Regulations, 513
Training, 120, 413, 427, 442, 471, 478
Transportation, 444, 460
air, 470, 472, 478
container filling/discharge, 487
emergency card (TREMCARD), 461, 465
explosives, 461, 466, 471
gases, 482
liquids, 481
loading/unloading, 484
LPG cylinders by road, 483
radioactive substances, 463, 470
rail, 468
responsibilities, 461
road, 461
sea, 471
solids, 483
Transport velocities, 409
Trichloroethylene, 169
Unconfined vapour cloud explosion, 20, 214, 215
Units, 543
Utilities, See Plant
Valency, 20, 23
Vanadium, 151
Vaporization, 47, 52
Vapour:
density, 47, 198
dispersion, 48
flashing, 50
pressure, 45
slumping, 48
Ventilation:
general (dilution), 405
local exhaust, 48, 136, 406
Warnings, 425
Washing facilities, 440
608 INDEX
Waste:
classification, 12, 520
contaminated soil, 510
control, 511
disposal on land, 510
disposal methods, 246, 498, 499
gaseous, treatment, 528, 531
hazardous, 14
liquid, treatment, 529, 532
management, 500, 517
minimization, 502
pesticides, 518
solid, treatment, 533, 534
special, 517, 530
toxic, 19
treatment, 498
types, 488, 498
Water Industry Act 1991, 513, 597
Water Resources Act 1991, 513, 597
Water sensitive chemicals, See Chemicals, water sensitive
Welding:
control of fume, 177
fume, 175
Workplace Health, Safety and Welfare Regulations 1992,
596
Zinc, 29