Lowe D. Networking For Dummies
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Index
847
Linksys Wireless-G Range Expander, 440
Linksys WUSB11, 406
Linux
command shell
editing commands, 761
environment variables, 762–763
getting to shell, 760–761
overview, 759
redirection and piping, 762
shell scripts, 763–764
wildcards, 761–762
commands
directory and le handling, 764–771
networking commands, 781–786
ownership and permission
management, 779–781
packages and services, 771–774
user administration, 774–779
de ned, 808
le system, 686–687
FTP and, 348
GNOME, 689–690
Hosts le location, 328
installing
checking system requirements,
671–672
choosing distribution, 672–673
Fedora 7, 675–682
multiboot, 673
partitions, 673–674
TCP/IP con guration, 674–675
logging off, 689
logging on, 688
managing user accounts, 691–692
network con guration les
Hosts le, 701–702
ifcfg les, 700–701
Network le, 699–700
nsswitch.conf le, 702–703
resolv.conf le, 702
xinetd.conf le, 703–704
Network Con guration program
displaying with ifconfig command,
704–705
overview, 693–697
network operating systems, 69
resource Web sites, 789
restarting network, 697–698
Setup Agent, 683–684
shutting down, 689
virtual consoles, 686
X Window, 685–686
Linux+ certi cation, 180
List Folder Contents permission, 540
List Folder/Read Data permission, 540
List Size option, New Taskpad View
Wizard, 504
literal command, 367
literal subcommand, FTP command, 363
lk domain, 326
LLC (logical link control) layer, 35, 808
Local Access Transport Area (LATA), 807
Local Area Connection Properties dialog
box, 146
local area network (LAN). See LAN (local
area network)
local area wireless network (LAWN), 400
local backup, 266–267
local DNS cache, 375
Local Exchange Carrier (LEC), 808
local resources, 808
local user pro le, 536
Local Users and Groups tool, Computer
Management console, 499
local.cf le, Fedora, 749
LocalTalk, 41, 808
locking
BlackBerry, 460
les, 84
log on
de ned, 808
Linux, 688
verifying network installation, 154–155
Log On As dialog box, 354
Log on locally user right, 198
Log On to Windows dialog box, 134
log out
de ned, 808
Linux, 689
logical addressing, OSI model, 28–30
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logical AND operation, 301
logical drive, 483–484
logical link control (LLC) layer, 35, 808
logical map, 87
logical operations, 291–292
logon name, 808
logon script
automating tasks with, 201–202
de ned, 808
Windows user accounts, 538
Logon Script eld, User Properties dialog
box, 527
Logon Workstations dialog box, 526
%LOGONSERVER% environmental
variable, 581
long distance carrier, 808
Lowe, William, 157
lower layers, OSI model, 25
LPT1, 808
ls command, 766–767
ls subcommand, FTP command, 364
lt domain, 326
lu domain, 326
lv domain, 326
M
-m argument
touch command, 770
useradd command, 774
usermod command, 775
-m days option, chage command, 776
-M days option, chage command, 776
-M option, gpasswd command, 779
ma domain, 326
MAC (Media Access Control) address,
27, 371
MAC (Media Access Control) sublayer, 809
MAC (Medium Access Control) layer, 35
MAC address ltering, 429–430
Mac OS X, 136, 809
Mac OS X server, 69, 136
MAC spoo ng, 429
Macintosh
accessing, 138–139
con guring for networking, 137
de ned, 808
Mac OS X server, 136
networking protocols, 135–136
sharing les, 138
Macrovision FlexLM, 225
mail command, Linux, 750–751
mail console client, 750–751
Mail Control Panel application, 628
Mail Delivery Agent (MDA), 744
Mail Exchange (MX ) record, 338, 342, 716
Mail Flow Settings tab, Properties dialog
box, 623
mail server, 85, 615, 809
Mail Setup dialog box, 629
Mail Transfer Agent (MTA), 744
Mail User Agent (MUA), 744
Mailbox Database Properties dialog box,
626–627
Mailbox Settings page, New Mailbox
Wizard, 619
mailboxes
Exchange Server 2010
creating, 615–621
creating forwarder, 623–625
enabling features, 622–623
setting storage limits, 625–628
Linux Sendmail, 744
Main tab, HTTP con guration tool, 735
mainframe, 809
MAN (metropolitan area network), 15, 19
Manage Full Access Permission Wizard,
631–632
Manage My Server window, 67
managed hub, 53
managed switch, 54
Management Studio, SQL Server 2008,
646–647
mandatory user pro le, 536
Mandriva Linux distribution, 672
manually deploying network software, 226
Map Network Drive dialog box, 148
MAPI, Exchange mailboxes, 622
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Index
849
mapping
de ned, 809
network drive, 147–149
verifying network installation, 155
Maps application, Android, 471
Market application, Android, 471
mask subnet parameter, route
command, 394
masquerading, 747
master le, 337. See also zone les
Maximum Connections message, FTP
site, 353
Maximum Log Size option, Group Policy
Management Editor, 566
max-lease-time, dhcpd.conf le, 710
Maxpwage parameter, Net Accounts
command, 584
MB (megabytes), 809
McAfee VirusScan, 211
MCITP (Microsoft Certi ed IT
Professional), 180
MCSA (Microsoft Certi ed System
Administrator), 181
MCSE (Microsoft Certi ed Systems
Engineer), 181
MCTS (Microsoft Certi ed Technology
Specialist), 180
md directorysmbclient command, 730
md domain, 326
MDA (Mail Delivery Agent), 744
mdelete command, 361
mdelete subcommand, FTP command,
364
MDI/ MDIX button, 110
mdir subcommand, FTP command, 364
Media Access Control (MAC) address,
27, 371
Media Access Control (MAC) sublayer, 809
Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, 35
megabytes (MB), 809
Member Of tab, Group Properties dialog
box, 535
member server, 485
members, SharePoint, 657
memory
avoiding bottlenecks, 252
de ned, 809
determining amount, 80
servers, 45
memory leak, 258
Menu Command option, New Task
Wizard, 506
mesh topology, 18–19
Message parameter, Net Send
command, 593
message# parameter, Net Helpmsg
command, 589
messaging and collaboration server, 615
messaging applications, 12, 471
Metcalfe, Robert, 37, 403
metric, routing table, 393
metropolitan area network (MAN), 15, 19
mget command, 362, 367
mget subcommand, FTP command,
364–365
mget wildcard-masksmbclient
command, 730
Microsoft
network administrator certi cation,
180–181
resource Web sites, 790
Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer, 177
Microsoft Certi ed IT Professional
(MCITP), 180
Microsoft Certi ed System
Administrator (MCSA), 181
Microsoft Certi ed Systems Engineer
(MCSE), 181
Microsoft Certi ed Technology
Specialist (MCTS), 180
Microsoft Exchange, 457. See also
Exchange Server
Microsoft Exchange Forms Designer, 85
Microsoft Hot x Checker, 177
Microsoft Management Console (MMC).
See MMC (Microsoft Management
Console)
Microsoft Outlook. See Outlook
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Microsoft servers
Windows Server 2000, 66
Windows Server 2003, 66–67
Windows Server 2008, 68
Windows Server 2008 R2, 68
Microsoft Small Business Server, 66
Microsoft Software Update Services
(SUS), 176
Microsoft SQL Server 2000, 66, 85
Microsoft System Information program, 83
Microsoft Visio, 87, 176, 513, 820
middleware layer, Android, 470
migration path, 172
mil domain, 325
MILNET, 40, 283
MINIMUM eld, SOA, 339
Minpwage parameter, Net Accounts
command, 584
Minpwlen parameter, Net Accounts
command, 584
mirrors, le-sharing, 62
mission-critical application, 225
mkdir command, 765–766
mkdir subcommand, FTP command, 365
mls subcommand, FTP command, 365
MMC (Microsoft Management Console)
adding snap-ins, 501–502
adding taskpads, 502–508
consoles, 498–500
de ned, 809
overview, 497–498
MNAME eld, SOA, 339
/mnt directory, Linux, 687
mobile broadband, Verizon, 475
mobile devices
security, 453–454
types of, 451–453
modem, 809
Modify permission, 540
monitor, 236
monitoring network performance,
256–257
motherboard, 44–45
mount points, 674, 687
mouse
Bluetooth, 447
de ned, 809
wireless, 443
mput command, 366, 369
mput subcommand, FTP command, 365
mput wildcard-masksmbclient
command, 730
.msi le, 228
MTA (Mail Transfer Agent), 744
MUA (Mail User Agent), 744
multiboot
de ned, 810
GRUB program, 673
installation, 112, 113
Windows Server 2008 R2, 481–482
multicast address, 296
multifunction wireless access points
(WAPs), 409–410
multiple server network, 253
multiport repeater, 25–26
multiprocessing, 63
multitasking, 62–63
multithreading, 63
multiuser system, 686
museum domain, 325
Music application, Android, 471
Muus, Mike, 391
mv command, 769
MX (Mail Exchange) record, 338, 342, 716
My Network Places, 810
My Recent Documents settings, 536
N
-n argument
cat command, 770
nbtstat command, 376
netstat command, 379
n command, 764
name domain, 325
Name eld, New Host dialog box, 344
Name parameter
Net Name command, 591
Net Send command, 593
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Index
851
Name Server (NS) records, 338, 340, 716
name subcommand, nslookup
command, 383
named service,
BIND, 716
Linux, 772
named.ca le, BIND, 713–715
named.conf le, BIND, 712–713
named.custom le, BIND, 713
named.local le, BIND, 715
named.root le, 347
names
DNS, 321–324
scope, 310
NAS (network attached storage), 58–59
NAT (network address translation), 305
National Science Foundation (NSF), 40, 283
Navigation option, New Task Wizard, 506
nbtstat command, 177, 375–376
NDS (NetWare Directory Service), 69, 810
.NET, 810
Net Accounts command, 584–585
Net commands
Net Accounts, 584–585
Net Computer, 585
Net Config, 585–586
Net Continue, 586
Net File, 586–587
Net Group, 587–588
Net Help, 588–589
Net Helpmsg, 589
Net Localgroup, 589–590
Net Name, 591
Net Pause, 591–592
Net Print, 592–593
Net Send, 593–594
Net Session, 594
Net Share, 594–595
Net Start, 596
Net Statistics, 596–597
Net Stop, 597
Net Time, 597–598
Net Use, 598–599
Net User, 599–601
Net View, 601
Net Logon service, 586, 592
NetBEUI (NetBIOS Extended User
Interface), 41, 281
NetBIOS (Network Basic Input/Output
System), 41
netbooks
connecting with, 474–476
overview, 473–474
using effectively, 476
NetBoot, 136
netdiag utility, 377–378
netf service, Linux, 772
NETLOGON share, 542
netmask mask option, route
command, 785
netmask option, ifconfig command, 782
NETMASK setting, ifcfg le, 701
/netonly parameter, RunAs
command, 602
Netscape, 810
Netstat command, 31, 177, 379–382,
783–784
Netstat /N command, 31
NetStumbler, 423
NetWare, 69–70, 140, 810
NetWare Directory Service (NDS), 69, 810
network
bus topology, 15–16
clients and servers, 13
combining topologies, 17
dedicated servers and peers, 14
de ned, 810
mesh topology, 18–19
overview, 9–13
ring topology, 18
size, 14–15
star topology, 16–17
network adapter, 26, 121–122, 406–407
network address, 30
network address translation (NAT), 305
network administrator
additional consultants, 181–182
bluffs and excuses, 182–183
certi cations, 179–181
establishing routine chores, 174
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network administrator (continued)
managing network users, 175
overview, 171–173
part-time, 173–174
patching up operating system and
software, 175–176
resources, 178–179
software tools, 176–178
Network and Sharing Center
Windows 7, 129
Windows Vista, 127
network attached storage (NAS), 58–59
network backup, 266–267
Network Basic Input/Output System
(NetBIOS), 41
Network Browser, Mac OS, 139
network cable
coaxial cable, 49–50
overview, 48–49
twisted-pair cable, 50–51
network cheat sheet, 175
Network Computing, 179
network con guration les, Linux,
698–704
Hosts, 701–702
ifcfg, 700–701
Network, 699–700
nsswitch.conf, 702–703
resolv.conf, 702
xinetd.conf, 703–704
Network Con guration group, Windows
Server 2008, 532
Network Con guration program, Linux
displaying with ifconfig command,
704–705
overview, 693–697
network connections
con guring
Windows 7, 128–130
Windows Vista, 126–128
Windows XP, 122–126
servers, 46
troubleshooting, 234
Network Connections folder
Windows 7, 129
Windows Vista, 127
Windows XP, 122
Network Device Control window, Linux, 694
network discovery program, 176
network drive
de ned, 810
mapping, 147–149
Network le, 699–700
Network File System (NFS), 33
network ID, 303
network installation. See verifying
network installation
network interface, 252. See also network
adapter
network interface card (NIC). See NIC
(network interface card)
Network Interface layer, TCP/IP, 286–287
Network layer
OSI model
de ned, 810
logical addressing, 28–30
overview, 24
routing, 30
TCP/IP, 287
network logon, Windows, 134
Network Monitor, 178
Network Neighborhood, 536, 810
network network con guration le,
Linux, 699
network operating system (NOS). See
NOS (network operating system)
Network Operations Center (NOC),
Blackberry, 456
network performance, 266
Network Places icon, 811
network plan
building small network, 88–89
connecting two networks, 90–92
improving network performance, 92–94
overview, 77–78
network port, 10
network pre x notation, 302
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Index
853
network printers
accessing using Web interface, 143–144
adding, 141–143
Macintosh, 138
verifying network installation, 155
Network Properties dialog box, 345
network protocols, 82, 253
network resource, 811
network server. See also server
restarting, 245–246
setting up
con guring server, 119–120
deciding on con guration, 116–117
nal preparations, 117
installing operating system, 111–113,
117–118
network service, Linux, 772
network services, 244–245
NETWORK setting, ifcfg le, 701
Network Settings page, Xerox printer, 144
Network Setup Wizard, Windows 7, 72
network software
deploying options, 226–230
license server, 224–226
licenses, 222–224
updates, 230–232
network standards organizations, 790–791
Network World, 179
Network+ certi cation, 180
networking commands, Linux, 781–786
hostname, 781–782
ifconfig, 782–783
netstat, 783–784
ping, 784–785
route, 785–786
traceroute, 786
NETWORKING setting, Network le, 699
NetworkView, 176
Never Check for Updates option,
Windows Update Change Settings
page, 232
New Host dialog box, 343–344
New Mailbox Wizard, 616–618
New Object — Organizational Unit dialog
box, 516–517
New Object — User Wizard, 520–523
New Resource Record dialog box, 614
New Task Wizard, 505–507
New Taskpad View Wizard, 503
New Virtual Machine Wizard, 163–164
newsgroup, 811
newusers command, 777
NFS (Network File System), 33
nfs service, Linux, 772
NIC (network interface card)
de ned, 10, 810
installing, 95–97
overview, 48
wireless network adapters, 406
NitroDesk, 472
nl domain, 326
nmbd daemon, Samba, 719
no domain, 326
No List option, New Taskpad View
Wizard, 504
No SSL option, Add FTP Site Wizard, 350
NOC (Network Operations Center),
Blackberry, 456
node, de ned, 15, 811
non-preemptive multitasking, 63
/noprofile parameter, RunAs
command, 602
normal backup, 262, 263, 804
Norton AntiVirus, 211
Norton Utilities, 177
NOS (network operating system)
Apple Mac OS/X Server, 69
de ned, 810
directory services, 64
le-sharing services, 62
installing
additional software, 115
automated installation, 113
capable server computer, 114
collecting information, 118
full install, 111–112
installing over network, 112–113
installing Windows, 118
overview, 117–118
remote installation, 113
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NOS (network operating system)
(continued)
server operating system, 115
upgrade, 111–112
working Internet connection, 115
Linux, 69
Microsoft servers
overview, 65
Windows 2000 Server, 66
Windows Server 2003, 66–67
multitasking, 62–63
network software, 11
Novell NetWare, 69–70
peer-to-peer networking with Windows,
70–74
security services, 64–65
support, 61–62
NOS Setup program, 196
NOT operation, 292
Novell NetWare, 69–70
NS (Name Server) records, 338, 340, 716
NSF (National Science Foundation), 40, 283
NSFNET, 40, 284
nslookup command
de ned, 177
displaying DNS records, 384–385
DNS and, 386–388
locating mail server for e-mail address,
385–386
looking up IP address, 382–383
subcommands, 383–384
nsswitch.conf le, Linux, 699, 702–703
NT domains
Backup Domain Controllers (BDC),
510–511
NetBIOS names, 511
Primary Domain Controller (PDC),
510–511
trusts, 511
NT File System (NTFS)
advantages, 483
de ned, 811
versus FAT, 65
permissions, 544
nu domain, 326
nulls, SQL database, 649
%NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS%
environmental variable, 581
NWLink IPX/SPX/NetBIOS Compatible
Transport Protocol, 124
O
obfuscation, 811
objects, Active Directory, 512–513
Obtain an IP Address Automatically
option
Network Properties dialog box, 345
TCP/IP Properties dialog box, 125, 318
Obtain DNS Server Address
Automatically option
Network Properties dialog box, 345
TCP/IP Properties dialog box, 125, 318
octet
de ned, 811
dotted-decimal notation and, 294–295
subnet mask, 303
ODBC (Data Sources) console, 500
OEM (original equipment manufacturer)
license, 223
OES (Open Enterprise System), 70
of ine, de ned, 811
OHA (Open Handset Alliance), 470
ONBOOT setting, ifcfg le, 701
100BaseFX Ethernet standard, 795
100BaseT4 Ethernet standard, 795
100BaseTX Ethernet standard, 795
100VG AnyLAN Ethernet standard, 795
1000BaseT Ethernet standard, 795
online, de ned, 811
online meeting, 12
Only Allow Access to Speci c Users
check box, Create Samba Share
dialog box, 726
Open Enterprise System (OES), 70
Open Handset Alliance (OHA), 470
Open License plan, 224
open relay, 747
Open Resource Monitor link,
Performance Monitor, 567
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Index
855
open subcommand, FTP command,
365–366
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)
Reference Model. See OSI (Open
Systems Interconnection Reference
Model)
Open Transport, 135
Open Value license plan, 224
open-door security, 187
operating system
Android, 470
choosing server, 86
installing, 115
Microsoft servers, 68
operator, de ned, 811
/opt directory, Linux, 687
option domain-name, dhcpd.conf
le, 710
option domain-name-servers,
dhcpd.conf le, 710
option nis-domain, dhcpd.conf
le, 710
option routers, dhcpd.conf le, 710
option subnet mask, dhcpd.conf
le, 710
options parameters, Net User
command, 599–601
OR operation, 292
order by clause, select statement, 639
org domain, 322, 325
Organization Mailbox page, Exchange
Management Console, 626
Organization tab, User Properties dialog
box, 524
organizational unit (OU). See OU
(organizational unit)
original equipment manufacturer (OEM)
license, 223
%OS% environmental variable, 581
OSI (Open Systems Interconnection
Reference Model)
Application layer, 33
Data Link layer, 26–28
de ned, 811
Network layer, 28–30
Physical layer, 25–26
Presentation Layer, 32
Session layer, 32
Transport layer, 30–32
OSTYPE environment variable, 763
Other messages console, Linux, 680
OU (organizational unit)
Active Directory, 514
de ned, 811
domains, 514
group policy, 229, 554, 560–561
Outlook
con guring for Exchange Server 2010,
628–631
de ned, 812
sharing information, 12
Outlook 2000, 66
Outlook Web App, Exchange mailboxes,
622
owner, 199
Owner eld, resource record, 338
owners, SharePoint, 657
P
-p argument
ls command, 768
route command, 394
package, de ned, 812
package sendmail is not
installed message, Sendmail, 744
package vsftpd is not installed
message, Linux, 753
packet
de ned, 15, 812
following through layers, 33–34
packet ltering, 205–207, 812
packet sniffer, 178, 426, 813
Packets Sent & Received eld, Wireless
Network Connection Status dialog
box, 417
Page Options tab, Virtual Host
Properties dialog box, 738
pages, SharePoint, 663–665
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Pages/second performance counter, 257,
569
Palo Alto Research Center (PARC),
Xerox, 37
parallel port, 812
PARC (Xerox Palo Alto Research Center), 37
parent domain, 322
partitions
de ned, 812
planning, 673–674
Windows Server 2008 R2, 483–484
part-time network administrator, 173–174
passphrase, 427
passwd command, 777
password
Administrator account, 493
AppleTalk, 137
de ned, 812
router, 441
user accounts, 190, 195, 520, 528
wireless network, 425
password generator, 191–192
Password never expires option, User
Properties dialog box, 525
Password parameter, Net Use
command, 598
patch, software, 230
patch cable
checking network connection, 236
de ned, 812
versus station cable, 100
patch panel, 105–107
patching servers, 193
path, share, 541
PATH environment variable, 763
Path parameter, Net Share
command, 595
Path setting, New Database dialog box, 647
%PATH% environmental variable, 581
path=path share setting, smb.conf
le, 729
%PATHEXT%” environmental variable, 581
pathping command, 389–390
Pause key, 237
payload, 217
PBX (Private Branch Exchange), 812
PCI (Peripheral Component
Interconnect), 812
PCI card, 406
PCI slots, 96
PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), 443, 452
PDC (Primary Domain Controller),
510–511, 812
peer-to-peer networking
versus dedicated server networks, 14
de ned, 43, 812
with Windows, 70–74
People and Groups page, SharePoint,
658–660
per-device CAL, 481
performance
administrators and, 249–250
bottlenecks, 250–254
improving, 92–94, 258
maintenance, 172
monitoring
counters, 257
creating performance logs, 570–571
overview, 256–257
Performance Monitor console, 566–569
tuning, 255
Performance console, 500
Performance Logs and Alerts tool,
Computer Management console,
499, 572
perimeter, 205
Peripheral Component Interconnect
(PCI), 812
permissions
de ned, 812
le server, 539–541
granting, 549–552
Linux, 780
share, 541
user accounts, 199–200
permissions security model, 187
Permissions tab, Share and Storage
Management console, 550
Persistent parameter, Net Use
command, 599
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