Oren Michael B. Six Days of War. June 1967 and the Making of the Modern Middle East

Подождите немного. Документ загружается.

13. Bartov, Dado, pp. 107–9. Baron, Hotam Ishi, p. 98. Mayzel, Ha-Ma‘arakha al

ha-Golan , pp. 109–14, 359. Ma’oz, Syria and Israel, pp. 101–2. Schiff, A History of the

Israeli Army, p. 141. Golan, Albert, pp. 134–35. Inbar quote from Ran Bin-Nun, Krav

ha-Havka‘a shel Hativat ‘Golani’ be-Milhemet Sheshet ha-Yamim, unpublished thesis,

Kedourie School, Feb. 1988, p. 12.

14. UN, DAG 13/3.4.0.:83: Mission and Commissions: Chron-9/06 to 24/06,

O’Hora to the Chief of Staff, June 10, 1967. ISA, 4086/6, Foreign Ministry files, Security

Council Meetings: Sasson to Washington, June 10, 1967. Baron, Hotam Ishi, pp. 98–99.

Hame’iri, Mi-Shnei Evrei ha-Rama, p. 187. Mayzel, Ha-Ma‘arakha al ha-Golan, p. 342.

15. Hame’iri, Mi-Shnei Evrei ha-Rama, p. 187. YAD, Interview with Ephraim

Reiner, June 20, 1996; with Elad Peled, June 20, 1967. Hofi quote from Bartov, Dado,

p. 108. Mayzel, Ha-Ma’arakha al ha-Golan, pp. 343–44, 354–57. Oral history interview

with Yitzhak Hofi, July 14, 1999.

16. ISA, 4086/6, Foreign Ministry files, Security Council Meetings: New York to

Foreign Ministry, June 10, 1967. USNA, Middle East Crisis files, 1967, Chronology,

box 7: Tel Aviv to the Secretary of State, June 10, 1967. PRO, PREM 13 1620, Middle

East Crisis: New York to Foreign Office, June 11, 1967. LBJ, National Security file,

History of the Middle East Conflict, box 20: United States Policy and Diplomacy in

the Middle East Crisis, May 15–June 10, 1967, p. 152 (Barbour quote); NSC Histories,

Middle East Crisis, box 21: Report by Bureau of International Organizations Affairs

(Arthur Day), n.d. (Goldberg quote); box 19: Kosgyin to Johnson, June 10, 1967; Johnson

to Kosygin, June 10, 1967. Rabin, Memoirs, p. 118. Baron, Dado, pp. 101–2.

Aftershocks

1. USNA, Middle East Crisis files, box 4: Circular to all American Diplomatic

Posts, June 12, 1967. Hammel, Six Days in June, p. 383. Schiff, A History of the Israeli

Army, pp. 135, 141. Mutawi, Jordan in the 1967 War, p. 164. Mustafa, Harb Haziran,

pp. 242–44. Fawzi, Harb al-Thalath Sanawat, pp. 160–61. Donovan, Six Days in June, p.

123. Mayzel, Ha-Ma‘arakha al ha-Golan, p. 425. Adnan Abu Oudeh, Jordanians, Pales-

tinians, and the Hashemite Kingdom in the Middle East Peace Process (Washington, D.C.:

United States Institute of Peace, 1998), p. 137.

2. USNA, USUN, box 6: Circular to All American Diplomatic Posts, June 10,

1967; POL 27-7 ARAB-ISR, box 1830: Cairo to the Secretary of State, Aug. 31, 1967.

LBJ, National Security file, History of the Middle East Crisis, box 21: CIA Intelli-

gence Memorandum, Arab-Israeli Situation Report, June 11, 1967. PRO, FCO17/

577: Report of Air Attaché, Aug. 8, 1967. ISA, 4086/8, Foreign Ministry files, Red

Cross: Foreign Ministry Circular, June 7, 1967; 4089/3, Foreign Ministry files, Report

on the Gossing Visit, July 26, 1967. Schiff, A History of the Israeli Army, p. 135. Mayzel,

Ha-Ma‘arakha al ha-Golan, p. 425. Mutawi, Jordan in the 1967 War, p. 164. Kimche,

The Sandstorm, p. 237. Shashar, Milhemet ha-Yom ha-Shvi‘i, p. 45.

3. USNA, Central Foreign Policy files, 1967–1969, POL 27-7 ARAB-ISR, box

1830: Amman to the Secretary of State, June 30, 1967. ISA, Foreign Ministry files,

4089/2, Refugees: Jerusalem to Embassies, June 23, 1967; Comay to Bitan, July 3,

1967. PRO, FCO17/577: Israel – Defense: Report of Defense Attaché, Oct. 9, 1967;

PREM 13 1623: Record of Meeting, The Foreign Secretary and the Israeli Ambassador,

July 30, 1967. Shashar, Milhemet ha-Yom ha-Shvi‘i, pp. 24, 66–67, 76–77, 105, 165,

396 Notes to Pages 302–306

212. Gazit, Pta’im be-Malkodet, pp. 29, 36–39, 48–49. Mayzel, Ha-Ma‘arakha al ha-

Golan, p. 82. Susser, On Both Banks of the Jordan, p. 25. Abu Murshid, Butrus, and

Jabber, Silsilat al-Kitab al-Sanawi lil-Qadiyya al-Filastiniyya, pp. 509–10, 532, 540–41,

Yosef Levita, “Ma Ya‘ase Zahal ba-Shalal,” Bamahane 48 (August, 1967). IDF order in

Mayzel, Ha-Ma‘arakha al ha-Golan, p. 364; see also pp. 433–35.

4. LBJ, National Security file, Memos to the President, box 22: Wine to E. Rostow,

Aug. 16, 1967. USNA, Central Foreign Policy files, 1967–1969, POL 27-7 ARAB-

ISR, box 1830: The Hague to the Secretary of State, July 7, 1967; POL 12 SY, box

2511: Beirut to the Secretary of State, Sept. 6, 1967. ISA, Foreign Ministry file 4091/

7: Speeches and Decisions (Comay): Foreign Ministry to Washington, June 16, 1967;

4085/1: Emergency Situation 1967 – Prisoners: Geneva to Tekoah, June 13, 1967.

PRO, FCO17/531 Israel – Political Affairs (External): Condition of the Jews of the

Arab States in the Light of the Six-Day War, Sept. 27, 1967.

5. USNA, Central Foreign Policy files, 1967–1969, POL 27-7 ARAB-ISR, box

1830: Jerusalem to the Secretary of State, June 13, 1967; Jerusalem to the Secretary of

State, June 23, 1967; Jerusalem to the Secretary of State, Aug. 30, 1967. Abu Murshid,

Butrus, Jabber, Silsilat al-Kitab al-Sanawi lil-Qadiyya al-Filastiniyya, pp. 525, 531. Shashar,

Milhemet ha-Yom ha-Shvi‘i, pp. 66–69, 131–32, 148. Dayan, My Life, pp. 393, 403.

Susser, On Both Banks of the Jordan, pp. 24–26, 36.

6. LBJ, National Security Council file, History of the Middle East Crisis, box 18:

McPherson to the President, June 11, 1967. Eban quote in Ha’aretz, June 11, 1967;

“victory cake” recipe in June 12, 1967. Slater, Rabin of Israel, p. 148. PRO, PREM 13

1622: The Second Arab-Israel War (Hadow), July 6, 1967. Avraham Shapira, ed., The

Seventh Day, pp. 100, 124–25. Lyrics to “Song of Peace” by Yankele Rotblitt; transla-

tion by Michael Oren.

7. Haber, Ha-Yom Tifrotz Milhama, p. 256 (Bar-Lev quote). Fuad Ajami, The Arab

Predicament: Arab Political Thought and Practice Since 1967 (Cambridge: Cambridge

University Press, 1981), pp. 12 (Middle East historian’s quote), 25–40, 50–62. Ramadan,

Tahtim al-Aliha, p. 88. Hussein, My “War” with Israel, p. 97. Riad, Mudhakkirat 2, pp.

310–12. Al-Khuli, Harb Yunyu 1967, pp. 50–66, 81–101. Gawrych, The Albatross of

Decisive Victory, pp. 84–88. USNA Central Foreign Policy files, 1967–1969, POL Arab-

Jordan, box 1844: Beirut to the Secretary of State, June 10, 1967 (reference to Assad).

Suweidani and Makhous quotes in Khalil, Shukut al-Julan, pp. 190–92. Assad quote in

Hani al-Shum‘a, Ma‘arik Khalida fi Ta’rikh al-Jaysh al-‘Arabi al-Suri, p. 35.

8. Hadidi quote in Al-Sabbagh, Mudhakkirat Qadat al-‘Askaraiyya al-Misriyya 3, p.

17. Fawzi quote in Ramadan, Tahtim al-Aliha, p. 109. Al-Sabbagh, Mudhakkirat Qadat

al-‘Askaraiyya al-Misriyya 4, p. 32 (Sadiq quote). Mazhar, I‘tirafat Qadat Harb Yunyu,

pp. 157–58 (Sidqi Mahmud quote), 193–95. Muhieddin quote from LBJ National

Security file, Memos to the President, box 20: CIA Intelligence Cable: Egypt, July

31, 1967. Imam, ‘Ali Sabri Yatadhakkar, pp. 89–90. Badran, Al-Hawadith, Sept. 2,

1977, p. 19.

9. PRO, PREM 13 1622: The Second Arab-Israel War (Hadow), July 6, 1967.

Moshe Dayan, “Before and After the Battle,” pp. 11–18. Dayan, My Life, pp. 382–83.

For further explanations of Israel’s victory, see IDF, 717/77, file 86: Battle for the

Southern Front, General Tal on the Lessons of War, pp. 113–16.

10. LBJ, National Security file, NSC Histories, Middle East Crisis, box 17: The

President in the Middle East Crisis, Dec. 19, 1968; box 21: Memos to the President:

Notes to Pages 307–314 397

CIA Intelligence Cable, July 11, 1967. PRO, FCO 27/1 Arab-Israel Dispute—Peace

Negotiations: The Middle East Situation, Aug. 14, 1967. ISA, 4078/7, Foreign Minis-

try files, Contacts with the United States with the Entry of Egyptian Forces into Tiran:

Eban to Harman and Rafael, June 12, 1967 (Eban quote); Eban to Harman and Rafael,

June 26, 1967 (“Constructive deadlock”). Rafael, Destination Peace, p. 177. Gazit, Pta’im

be-Malkodet 32, pp. 136–37. Pedatzur, “Coming Back Full Circle.” Mayzel, Ha-

Ma‘arakha al ha-Golan, pp. 381–83. Rabin quote from Beni Michelson, Avraham Zohar,

and Effi Meltzer, eds., Ha-Ma’avak le-Bithon Yisrael (Tel Aviv: Ha-Amuta ha-Yisraelit

le-Historia Tzva’it leyad Universitat Tel Aviv, 2000), pp. 150–51. Eban quote from

ISA, 4078/7, Foreign Ministry files, Contacts with the United States with the Entry of

Egyptian Forces into Tiran: Eban Conversation with Goldberg, July 18, 1967.

11. BGA, Diary: Entry for June 11, 1967. Bartov, Dado, pp. 112–13. Gazit,

Pta’im be-Malkodet, pp. 144–46. Shashar, Milhemet ha-Yom ha-Shvi’i, p. 175. Profiles

of Yigal Allon, Menachem Begin, David Elazar, Ezer Weizman, and Ariel Sharon

can be found at www.us-israel.org/jsource/biography. Allon and Begin quotes from

www.research.haifa.ac.il/~eshkol/peace.

12. PRO, FCO 17/507: Israel – Political Affairs (External): Tel Aviv to the For-

eign Office, July 27, 1967; FCO 17/506: Tel Aviv to the Foreign Office, Sept. 13,

1967. Dayan quotes from Mayzel, Ha-Ma‘arakha al ha-Golan, pp. 381–82, and Gazit,

Pta’im be-Malkodet, p. 141.

13. ISA, 4078/5, Foreign Ministry files, Contacts with the United States After the

Six-Day War, North America Desk to Eban, June 26, 1967. Oral history interview

with David Kimche, Aug. 26, 1999. Sadia Touval, The Peace-Brokers: Mediators in the

Arab-Israeli Conflict, 1948–1979 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1982) pp. 134–

53. See also article by Moshe Sasson at www.research.haifa.ac.il/~eshkol/peace. Susser,

On Both Banks of the Jordan, p. 37.

14. LBJ, National Security Council file, History of the Middle East Crisis, box 18:

McPherson to the President, June 11, 1967. PRO, PREM 13 1623: Tel Aviv to For-

eign Office, Oct. 16, 1967. Eshkol quotes from FRUS, XX, Arab-Israeli Dispute, 1967–

1968 (Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, 2001), pp. 80,

82, 83, 87. Ha’aretz, Feb. 27, 1967. Ma‘ariv, Feb. 27, 1967. Oral history interview with

Miriam Eshkol, Aug. 30, 1999. Arab reactions to Eshkol’s death, including Arafat quote,

from Moshe Dayan Center Library, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel (transla-

tions of Arabic press).

15. Egyptian broadcasts in BBC, Daily Report, Middle East, Africa, and Western

Europe, B 2 and 137. USNA Central Foreign Policy files, 1967–1969, POL Arab-

Jordan, box 1844: Beirut to the Secretary of State, June 19, 1967; Beirut to the Secre-

tary of State, July 30, 1967; USUN, box 6: USUN to the Secretary of State, June 27,

1967; Middle East Crisis files, 1967, box 1: Amman to the Secretary of State, June 10,

1967 (Nuseibeh quote). Feisal quote in PRO, PREM 13 1622: Jedda to Foreign Office,

June 26, 1967. Nasser quote from Riad, Mudhakkirat 2, pp. 80–81.

16. Farid, Nasser, pp. 4–5, 11 (Podgorny quote), 24–47 (including Brezhnev quote).

Heikal, Al-Infijar, pp. 777–91 (including Nasser quote “any concession . . .”). Fawzi,

Harb al-Thalath Sanawat, pp. 193–97. Riad, The Struggle for Peace in the Middle East, pp.

42–50; Muthakkirat 2, pp. 84–85, 97–98 (Nasser ‘s “That which was taken by war” and

“double defeat” quotes), pp. 110–15. Raphael Israeli, Man of Defiance: A Political Biog-

raphy of Anwar Sadat (Totowa, N.J.: Barnes and Noble, 1985), p. 42. PRO, FCO 39/

398 Notes to Pages 314–319

233 UAR Internal Political Situation: Canadian Embassy, Cairo, to the Foreign Of-

fice, June 22, 1967. LBJ, National Security file, Memos to the President (W. Rostow),

box 19: Goodpaster Memorandum for the Record, July 12, 1967. ISA, 4078/5, Foreign

Ministry files, U.S. – Borders: Lourie to Foreign Ministry, June 22, 1967.

17. Heikal, Al-Infijar, pp. 896–97 (all Nasser quotes). Fawzi, Harb al-Thalath

Sanawat, pp. 199–201. Riad, Mudhakkirat 2, pp. 97–98; Riad, The Struggle for Peace in

the Middle East, pp. 48–49. PRO, FCO 39/250 Middle East Crisis: UAR Attitude, July

10, 1967. LBJ National Security file, Memos to the President, box 19: Extracts from a

Cable from Ambassador Burns, July 19, 1967.

18. Riad, The Struggle for Peace in the Middle East, pp. 109–31. Nasser message to

Hussein in Kamm, Hussein Poteah be-Milhama, p. 301. Heikal column in BBC, Daily

Report, Middle East, Africa and West Europe, no. 138, d 3. Daniel Dishon, “Inter-

Arab Relations,” in Rabinovich and Shaked, eds., From June to October, p. 159.

19. Ramadan, Tahtim al-Aliha, pp. 196–273. Heikal, Al-Infijar, pp. 922–28. Farid,

Nasser, pp. 41, 75. Fawzi, Harb al-Thalath Sanawat, pp. 166–79. Riad, The Struggle for

Peace in the Middle East, pp. 33–34. Imam, ‘Abd al-Nasir—Kayfa Hakama Misr, pp. 212–

39. USNA, Central Policy files, 1967–1969, POL UAR, box 2552: Memorandum of

Conversation with Habib Bourgiba, Sept. 28, 1967; POL 2 UAR, box 2553: Amman to

the Secretary of State, Oct. 3,1967. PRO, FCO 39/233, North and East African –

Political Affairs: Washington to the Foreign Office; June 14, 1967; FCO 39/235, UAR

– Political Affairs: Cairo to the Foreign Office, June 11, 1967. Al-Dugheidi quote in

Al-Sabbagh, Mudhakkirat Qadat al-‘Askaraiyya al-Misriyya 3, pp. 9–10. Nasser quote

from Mahjoub, Democracy on Trial, p. 134. Sadat quote from Finkelstone, Anwar Sadat,

p. 58. See also Jamal Hamad, Al-Hukuma al-Khafiyya – Fi ‘Ahd ‘Abd al-Nasir (Cairo: Al-

Zahra lil-I‘lam al-‘Arabi, 1988).

20. Hussein, My “War” with Israel, p. 88. Dupuy, Elusive Victory, pp. 282–83.

Mutawi, Jordan in the 1967 War, pp. 164–65. Kamm, Hussein Poteah be-Milhama, pp.

300–301. LBJ, National Security file, History of the Middle East Crisis, box 21: CIA

Intelligence Memorandum, Arab-Israeli Situation Report, June 9, 1967. PRO, PREM

13 1622: Amman to Foreign Office; June 17, 1967; New York to Foreign Office, June

26, 1967; Foreign Office to Amman, July 6, 1967 ( “Just and honorable peace”). Secret

talks in London in Zak, Hussein Ose Shalom, p. 21.

21. Khartoum communiqué in PREM 13 1623: Khartoum to Foreign Office, Sept.

2, 1967; Arabic text in Khouri, Al-Watha’iq al-Filastiniyya, pp. 667–68. Sela, The De-

cline of the Arab-Israeli Conflict, pp. 104, 108. Kimche, The Sandstorm, pp. 265–67. Kamm,

Hussein Poteah be-Milhama, pp. 298–99. Mutawi, Jordan in the 1967 War, pp. 176–77.

Riad, The Struggle for Peace in the Middle East, p. 51; Mudhakkirat 2, pp. 119–21. Mahjoub,

Democracy on Trial, pp. 137–48.

22. LBJ, National Security file, Country file, Middle East-UAR box 161: Cairo’s

Moderation Since Khartoum, Sept. 28, 1967; Memos to the President, box 20: CIA

Intelligence Cable: Egypt, Feb. 16, 1968 (Nasser quote). PRO, CAB 128/42 54th Con-

clusions: Sept. 7, 1967; FCO/39/245 UAR – Political Affairs (External): Cairo to For-

eign Office, Sept. 5, 1967; PREM 13 1623: Washington to the Foreign Office, June

22, 1967 (Yugoslavian plan); Tel Aviv to the Foreign Office, Sept. 4, 1967 (Eshkol

quote). ISA, Foreign Ministry files, 3978/2, United States – Relations with the Middle

East: Ben Aharon to the Foreign Ministry, Oct. 4, 1967. Muhammad ‘Izza Daruze, Fi

Sabil Qadiyyat Filastin wal-Wahda al-‘Arabiyya wamin Wahi al-Nakba wa-liajli mu‘alijiha:

Notes to Pages 319–322 399

rasa’il wa-Maqalat wa-Buhuth wa-Muqabalat wa-Ta‘aqibat, Beirut 1948–1972 (Beirut:

al-Maktaba al-‘Asriyya, 1972), pp. 85–87. Hussein quote from My “War” with Israel, p.

120. Gazit, Pta’im be-Malkodet, pp. 143–44.

23. PRO, FCO17/513 Israel – Political Affairs (External): Washington to the For-

eign Office, Sept. 5, 1967. Mohamed Hassanein Heikal, The Road to Ramadan (London:

Collins Press, 1975), pp. 52–53. Al-Shuqayri, Mudhakkirat 5, pp. 109–10. Yoram Meital,

“The Khartoum Conference and Egyptian Policy After the 1967 War: A Reexamina-

tion,” The Middle East Journal 54, no. 1 (Winter 2000). Al-Khuli, Harb Yunyu, pp. 171–

77, 187.

24. Heikal, The Road to Ramadan, pp. 102–13. Arab reactions to Nasser’s death,

including Sadat and Hussein quotes, from Moshe Dayan Center Library, Tel Aviv

University, Ramat Aviv, Israel (translations of Arabic press). Israeli reactions in BBC,

Daily Report, Middle East, Africa, and Western Europe, 3495/E/5.

25. Biographical information for Hussein, al-Assad, and Arafat can be found at,

respectively, www.kinghussein.gov.jo/, www.defencejournal.com/globe/2000/aug/

hafez.htm, and www.p-p-o.com/.

26. LBJ, National Security file, History of the Middle East Crisis, box 19: NSC

Special Committee Meeting, June 12, 1967 (Johnson and Sisco quotes); NSC Histo-

ries, Middle East Crisis, box 17: The President in the Middle East Crisis, Dec. 19,

1968 (Rusk quote); Rostow to the President, June 20, 1967 (Eshkol and Eban quotes

and “cut the pipelines”); PRO, PREM 13 1622: Washington to the Foreign Office,

June 27, 1967. ISA, 4078/5, Foreign Ministry files, Contacts with the United States

After the Six-Day War: Evron to Eban, June 28, 1967.

27. LBJ, National Security file, Country file, Addendum: Minutes of Meeting,

LBJ and Kosygin, June 22, 1967; Europe and the USSR, box 229: President’s Meeting

with Chairman Kosygin (Zbigniew Brzezinski), June 22, 1967; Memos to the Presi-

dent (W. Rostow), box 18: Rostow to the President, July 21, 1967; NSC Histories,

Middle East Crisis , box 20: Davis to Rostow, June 16, 1967; box 21: CIA Intelligence

Memorandum, June 15, 1967 (Federenko quote). PRO, PREM 13 1622: Middle East

Situation, June 14, 1967 (“consequences of aggression”). CAB 128/42 50th Conclu-

sions: July 20, 1967. PRO, FCO 17/523: Israel – Political Affairs (External); New York

to the Foreign Office, July 21, 1967 (Caradon quote); FCO 17/505: Washington to the

Foreign Office, July 27, 1967 (“extremist Arab circles”). Eban, Personal Witness, pp.

433–40. Dobrynin, In Confidence, pp. 162–63. Lall, The UN and the Middle East Crisis,

pp. 153–81, 218–27 (Federenko quote). Lawrence L. Whetten, The Canal War: Four-

Power Conflict in the Middle East (Cambridge: The MIT Press, 1974), pp. 46–48.

28. LBJ, National Security file, History of the Middle East Crisis, box 18: CIA:

Special Assessments on the Middle East Situation, July 7, 1967. PRO, PREM 13 1622:

Johnson to Wilson, July 6, 1967; PREM 13 1623: Goldberg/Gromyko draft (n.d.); FCO

17/523: Israel – Political Affairs (External): Dobrynin Meeting with Rusk, July 9, 1967.

29. ISA, 4078/7, Foreign Ministry files, Contacts with the United States with the

Entry of Egyptian Forces into Tiran: Eban Conversation with Goldberg, July 21, 1967

(Eban quote); 4088/7, General Assembly Discussions: Rafael to Eban, July 9, 1967;

3976/12, Diplomatic Relations with the United States: Tekoah to Rafael, Aug. 16,

1967 (“physical retreat”). Mahjoub, Democracy on Trial, p. 133 (Nasser quote). Lall,

The UN and the Middle East Crisis, p. 212.

400 Notes to Pages 322–325

30. LBJ, National Security file, History of the Middle East Crisis); Memos to the

President, box 20: Rostow to the President (“lean on them”), June 27, 1967; NSC Histo-

ries, box 18: McPherson to the President, June 11, 1967; Country file – Middle East, box

148: Memorandum for the President – Handling Hussein, Bundy to the President, June

27, 1967. USNA, Central Policy files, 1967–1969, POL 2 UAR, box 2553: New York to

the Department of State, Nov. 1, 1967. PRO, FCO 17/505: Israel – Political Affairs

(External): Johnson Oral Message to Eshkol, July 31, 1967. Mutawi, Jordan in the 1967

War, pp. 178–79. Riad, The Struggle for Peace in the Middle East, pp. 64–68.

31. PRO FCO/39/245 UAR – Political Affairs (External): Cairo to the Foreign

Office, Nov. 5, 1967; CAB 128/42 68th Conclusions: Nov. 23, 1967. LBJ, National

Security file, Memos to the President, box 23: Walt Rostow to the President, Oct. 5,

1967; Arthur J. Goldberg Oral History, pp. 17, 24–25. Riad quote from Mudhakkirat

2, pp. 136–37, 151–52. UN Security Council Resolution 242: The Building Block of Peace-

making. A Washington Institute Monograph (Washington, D.C.: The Washington Insti-

tute for Near East Policy, 1993). Oral history interview with Muhammad al-Farra,

Nov. 17, 1999; with George Tomeh, Nov. 17, 1999. Lall, The UN and the Middle East

Crisis, pp. 254–55. Eban, Personal Witness, pp. 456–59. Rafael, Destination Peace, pp.

186–90. Quandt, Peace Process, pp. 154–57.

32. Nasser quotes from PRO FCO/39/246 UAR – Political Affairs (External):

Cairo to the Foreign Office, Nov. 24, 1967; Heikal, The Road to Ramadan, p. 54, and

LBJ, National Security file, Country file, Middle East-UAR box 161: Rostow to the

President, Dec. 18, 1967. Syrian quote from al-Ba‘th, Nov. 30, 1967. PLO declaration

from Moshe Dayan Center Library, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel (transla-

tions of Arabic press), summary for Nov. 23, 1967.

Notes to Pages 326–326 401

402 Bibliography and Sources

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND SOURCES

Archives

Abba Eban Papers, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel

Ammunition Hill Archive, Jerusalem, Israel

Ben-Gurion Archives, Sde Boker, Israel

Galili Institute for the Research of War and Defense, Ramat Efal, Israel

Findley Burns, Jr., Oral Recollections, Georgetown University, Special Collections,

Washington, D.C.

Arthur J. Goldberg Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

Israel Defense Forces Archives, Givatayim, Israel

Israel Intelligence Library (Center for the Legacy of Intelligence), Herzliya, Israel

Israel State Archives (ISA), Jerusalem, Israel

Jerusalem Post Archives

Levi Eshkol Papers, Jerusalem, Israel

Lyndon Baines Johnson Presidential Library (LBJ), Austin, Texas, U.S.A.

Mapai Party Archives (MPA), Beit Berl, Israel

Moshe Dayan Center Library, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel

National Archives of Canada (NAC), Ottawa

Public Record Office (PRO), London, U.K.

Shiloah Center Archive, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel

Soviet Foreign Ministry Archives (SFM), Moscow

United Nations Archives (UN), New York, N.Y.

United States National Archives (USNA), Washington, D.C.

Yad Tabenkin Archive (YAD), Ramat Efal, Israel

Bibliography and Sources 403

Bound collections of documents and transcripts

British Broadcasting Service World Monitoring Service

Documents of the Foreign Policy of Israel

Foreign Relations of the United States (FRUS)

Middle East Record 3 (1967) (Jerusalem: Israel Universities Press, 1971)

The Department of State During the Administration of President Lyndon B. Johnson,

November 1963–January 1969, 1: Administrative History

Oral History Interviews

Date of

Name Position in 1967 Interview

EGYPT

Amin Tantawi Company Commander, July 4, 2001

4th Division

Al-Shirbini Sa‘id Hamada Operations Officer, July 5, 2001

14th Armored Brigade

‘Abd al-Mun‘im Hamza Military Intelligence July 4, 2001

‘Izzat ‘Arafa Battalion Commander, 7th Division July 6, 2001

Fu’ad Hijazi Officer, 37th Commando Battalion July 5, 2001

Mahmud al-Suwarqa Driver, 6th Division July 7, 2001

‘Isam Darraz Historian July 7, 2001

Munir Zaki Mustafa Egyptian physician attached July 5, 2001

to Saudi forces in Jordan

Sa‘id Ahmad Rabi‘ Company Commander, July 4, 2001

Anti-Aircraft

JORDAN

Adnan Abu-Oudeh Military Intelligence Nov. 16, 1999

Shafiq ‘Ujeilat Armored Corps, Intelligence Nov. 17, 1999

‘Ata ‘Ali Haza‘ Brigade Commander, Jerusalem Nov. 18, 1999

Badi ‘Awad Battalion Commander, Jerusalem Nov. 21, 1999

Mahmud Abu Faris Company Commander, Jerusalem Nov. 17, 1999

Muhammad al-Farra Ambassador to the UN Nov. 17, 1999

Muhammad Fallah al-Fayiz Commander, Airborne Battalion Nov. 21, 1999

Fayiz Fahed Jaber Deputy Commander, Intelligence Nov. 21, 1999

‘Awad Khalidi Battalion Commander, Nov. 18, 1999

Jerusalem Corridor

‘Awad Bashir Khalidi Colonel, Infantry Brig., Nov. 17, 1999

Jerusalem Corridor

Yusuf Khawwash General, Jordanian Representative, Nov. 16, 1999

United Arab Command, Cairo

Suliman Marzuq King Hussein’s personal driver Nov. 17, 1999

Ghazi Isma‘il Ruba‘iyya Platoon commander, Jerusalem Nov. 21, 1999

SYRIA

Muhammad ‘Amer Captain, Infantry Jan. 10, 2001

Ibrahim Isma‘il Khahya Commander, 8th Infantry Brigade Jan. 10, 2001

404 Bibliography and Sources

Marwan Hamdan al-Khuli Captain, Ordnance Corps Jan. 11, 2001

George Tomeh Ambassador to the UN Nov. 17, 1999

PALESTINE

Sadiq Juda Volunteer, Palestinian forces July 5, 2001

attached to the Iraqi army

ISRAEL

Meir Amit Chief, Mossad Feb. 9, 1999

Rafi Benveniste Commander, Jerusalem Line Jan. 1, 1999

Abba Eban* Foreign Minister Nov. 26, 2000

Rafael Eitan Commander, 35th Airborne Brigade March 2, 1999

Miriam Eshkol Wife, Private Secretary of Aug. 30, 1999

Levi Eshkol

Ya‘akov Eshkoli Resident of Kfar Giladi; Dec. 11, 1999

northern settlements leader

Yeshayahu Gavish Chief, Southern Command Dec. 7, 1999

Mordechai Gazit Israel Foreign Ministry Feb. 4, 1999

Shlomo Gazit IDF Intelligence, Head of March 9, 1999

Research Branch

Motti Hod Commander, Israel Air Force

Yitzhak Hofi IDF, Deputy Chief of Operations July 14, 1999

Shimon Kahaner IDF, Deputy Battalion Commander, Oct. 18, 2000

55th Paratroop Brigade

David Kimche Mossad/IDF Intelligence Aug. 26, 1999

Arye Levavi Director-General, Israel Foreign Nov. 4, 1999

Ministry

Avraham Lif Strategic Planning, IDF Intelligence Sept. 13, 1999

Shlomo Merom IDF Intelligence, Southern Dec. 7, 1999

Command

Meir Pa‘il Deputy Commander, Tal Ugdah Dec. 6, 2000

Elad Peled Ugdah (Divisional) Commander Jan. 28, 2001

Israel Tal Ugdah (Divisional) Commander Aug. 23, 1999

Zorach Warhaftig Minister of Religious Affairs

(National Religious party)

Ezer Weizman IDF, Chief of Operations Jan. 13, 1999

Rehavam Ze’evi IDF, Deputy Chief of Operations Sept. 9, 2001

FORMER SOVIET UNION

Carun Brutenz Member, Supreme Soviet Jan. 21, 2001

General Makhmut A. Soviet military adviser, Egypt May 24, 1999

Gareev

Lt. Gen. Vadim Director, KGB liaison desk Dec. 25, 2000

Kirpitchenko with Egyptian and Syrian

security services

Nikolai Yegoroshev Member, Supreme Soviet Dec. 23, 2000

FRANCE

Eric Rouleau Middle East correspondent, Le Monde Dec. 17, 2000

Bibliography and Sources 405

UNITED STATES

Robert McNamara Secretary of Defense Feb. 11, 1999

Harry McPherson* White House counsel May 14, 1999

Anthony “Bud” Perna Colonel, U.S. Air Force Dec. 10, 2000

U.S. Military Attaché to Israel

Indar Jit Rikhye Commander, United Nations Feb. 22, 1999

Emergency Force

Eugene V. Rostow Undersecretary of State Aug. 5, 1999

Walt Whitman Rostow National Security Affairs Advisor July 27, 1999

Joseph Sisco Undersecretary of State for Aug. 6, 1999

Near Eastern Affairs

*Responded to written questions

Books in English, French, and Spanish

Abdel-Malek, Anouar. Egypt: Military Society—The Army Regime, the Left, and Social

Change Under Nasser. New York: Vantage Press, 1968.

Abu-Lughod, I., ed. The Arab-Israeli Confrontation of June 1967: An Arab Perspective.

Evanston, Ill.: Northwestern University Press, 1970.

Abu Oudeh, Adnan. Jordanians, Palestinians, and the Hashemite Kingdom in the Middle

East Peace Process. Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace, 1998.

Ahmed, J. M. The Intellectual Origins of Egyptian Nationalism. London: Oxford Univer-

sity Press, 1968.

Ajami, Fuad. The Arab Predicament: Arab Political Thought and Practice Since 1967. Cam-

bridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981.

Andrew, Christopher, and Oleg Gordievsky. KGB: The Inside Story. New York:

HarperCollins, 1990.

Aronson, Shlomo, with Oded Brosh. The Politics and Strategy of Nuclear Weapons in the

Middle East: Opacity, Theory, and Reality, 1960-1991: An Israeli Perspective. Al-

bany: State University of New York Press, 1992.

Bartov, Hanoch. Dado: 48 Years and 20 Days. Tel Aviv: Maariv Books, 1981.

Bar-Zohar, Michael. Ben-Gurion: A Biography. New York: Adama Books, 1978.

———. Embassies in Crisis: Diplomats and Demagogues Behind the Six Day War. Englewood

Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1970.

Beliaev, I. P., T. Kolesnichenko, and Y. M. Primako. Soviet Review of the Israeli-Arab June

1967 Conflict. Washington, D.C.: Joint Publications Research Service, 1968.

Black, Ian, and Benny Morris. Israel’s Secret Wars: The Untold History of Israeli Intelli-

gence. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1991.

Brecher, Michael. Decisions in Crisis. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980.

———. Decisions in Israel’s Foreign Policy. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1975.

Bull, Gen. Odd. War and Peace in the Middle East: The Experiences and Views of a U.N.

Observer. London: Lee Cooper, 1973.

Burns, William J. Economic Aid and American Policy Toward Egypt, 1955–1981. Albany:

State University of New York Press, 1985.

Caro, Robert A. The Years of Lyndon B. Johnson: The Path to Power. New York: Vin-

tage, 1990.