Парахина А.В., Шляхова В.А. Английский язык для дистанционного обучения. Книга 3

Подождите немного. Документ загружается.

stayer - стайер

jumping - прыжки

boxing - бокс

swimming - плавание

swimming-pool - бассейн

skating - катание на коньках

figure-skating - фигурное катание

skates - коньки

skis - лыжи

training - тренировка

team - команда

sportsman - спортсмен

gymnast - гимнаст

athlete - атлет

training group - спортивная секция

medal - медаль

match - матч

championship - чемпионат

Olympic Games - Олимпийские игры

victory - победа

stadium - стадион

fan - болельщик

Вопросы для самоконтроля

Герундий

(Gerund)

1. Что такое герундий?

2. Напишите формулу образования герундия.

3. Образуйте герундий от глаголов to play, to jump, to swim.

4. Свойствами каких частей речи обладает герундий?

5. Каким членом предложения может быть герундий?

6. Напишите предложение, в котором герундий является подлежащим.

7. Напишите предложение, в котором герундий является прямым до-

полнением.

8. Напишите предложение, в котором герундий является частью со-

ставного глагольного сказуемого.

9. Какими частями речи переводится герундий на русский язык?

10. Напишите предложение, в котором герундий является определе-

нием. (Употребляется он с предлогом или без него?)

11. Какой частью речи в данном случае переводится герундий?

12. Напишите предложение, в котором герундий является обстоятель-

ством.

13. Как переводится герундий в данном случае?

14. Если герундий является обстоятельством, употребляется он с

предлогом или без предлога?

15. Напишите предложение, в котором герундий является предлож-

ным дополнением.

16. Как переводится герундий в данном случае?

Отглагольное существительное

(Verbal Noun)

1. Дайте форму образования отглагольного существительного.

2. Образуйте отглагольные существительные от глаголов to smoke

(курить) и to sing (петь).

3. С какой частью речи отглагольное существительное совпадает по

форме?

4. Укажите признаки отглагольного существительного.

5. Каковы отличия отглагольного существительного от герундия?

Te s t

I. Выберите соответствующую форму герундия в следующих пред-

ложениях:

1. I like (reading, having read) English books.

2. He continued (studying, being studied) foreign languages.

3. After (having finished, having been finished) the translation the students

handed in their papers to the teacher.

4. On (working, having worked) at the plant he made some innovations

(усовершенствованный).

II. Укажите предложения с отглагольным существительным.

1. He likes translating from Russian into English.

2. At the beginning of the year we have tests.

3. He left the room without saying: “Good bye”.

4. His comings and leavings irritated (раздражали) everybody.

5. Call on him before leaving the house.

6. We succeeded in getting better results.

7. Her singing was perfect.

Ke y

I 1- reading; 2 - studying; 3- having finished; 4- working

II 2; 4; 7.

Контрольная работа

(Control work)

I Переведите текст со словарем.

Do you know that...

... the first Olympic Games took place in Olympia in Southern Greece in

776 B. C. Every athlete had to take part in all the sports events to prove his ver-

satility.

... athletes gathered 293 times for the Games but in A. D. 394 the Byzantine

Emperor Theodosius forbade the Games. They were restored in the 1890s by Pi-

erre de Coubertin, a man of deep culture.

... in July 1894 the Olympic Charter was adopted. It stated that the Olym-

pic Games would be held every four years.

... the Charter also states that when the winner is being decorated his coun-

try's national anthem w ill be played and the national flag hoisted.

... the first Olympic Games of our time were held in the land where the

Olympiads had been born – Greece. They took place in 1896 in Athens.

The Olympic Games (1896 – 1996)

Games in

their order

Year City Country

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

5th

7th

8th

9th

10th

11th

14th

15th

16th

17th

18th

19th

20th

21st

22nd

23d

24th

25th

26th

1896

1900

1904

1908

19I2

1920

1924

l928

1932

1936

1948

1952

l956

1960

l964

1968

1972

1976

1980

1984

1988

1992

1996

Athens

Paris

Saint Louis

London

Stockholm

Antwerp

Paris

Ams ter dam

Los Angeles

Berlin

London

Helsinki

Melbourne

Rome

Tokyo

Mexico City

Munich

Montreal

Moscow

Los Angeles

Seul

Barcelona

Atlanta

Greece

France

USA

England

Sweden

Belgium

France

Holland

USA

Germany

Great Britain

Finland

Australia

Italy

Japan

Mexico

GFR

Canada

USSR

USA

Korea

Spain

USA

The Olympic Games were not held in 1916, 1940, 1944 because of the First

and Second World Wars.

II Ответьте на вопросы:

1. When and where did the first Olympic Games take place?

2. When were they restored?

3. How often are the Olympic Games held?

4. When didn’t the Olympic Games take place?

5. Why were they not held?

III Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на герундий.

1. Our aim is mastering English in the shortest time.

2. Between saying and doing is a long distance.

3. He has begun studying mathematics.

4. We went without looking back.

5. After having waited for 10 minutes, she left the station.

6. We succeeded in getting the best results.

7. After having finished his lecture the professor put some questions to the

students.

Lesson Five (5)

The Fifth (5th) Lesson

Grammar: § 6. Независ имый причастный обо-

рот.

(The Absolute Participle Construction).

Text. Does Travel Broaden the Mind?

Dialogues. 1. At the Customs House.

2. At a Hotel.

Словарь урока (Vocabulary).

Вопросы для самоконтроля.

Тест.

Контрольная работа.

Grammar

§ 6. Независимый причастный оборот

(The Absolute Participle Construction)

Независ имый причастный оборот - это:

Существительное в общем падеже

местоимение в именительном падеже

Partic iple I

Существительное или местоимение выполняет роль

подлежащего по отношению к причастию, которое вы-

полняет роль сказуемого.

Независ имый причастный оборот всегда отделяется от главного предложе-

ния запятой и на русский язык переводится:

1 2

В начале предложения -

обстоятельственным придаточ-

ным предложением с союзами:

“так как”, “после того как”, “ко-

гда”, “если” и др. (союз подби-

рается по смыслу).

В конце предложения -

самостоятельным предложением

с союзами: “а”, “но”, “и”, “при-

чем”.

↓

My sister studying in the eve-

nings, I seldom see her.

Так как

моя сестра учится по

вечерам, я ее вижу редко

They went to the theatre

esterda

the performance being very in-

teresting.

Они вчера пошли в театр, при-

чем спектакль был очень инте-

ресным.

Grammar exercises

I. Выпишите в две колонки предложения, содержащие независимый

причастный оборот в зависимости от его местоположения, и пере-

ведите их на русский язык.

1. My friend translating an article, I helped her to find some words in the dic-

tionary. 2. The lessons being over, many students went to play valley-ball. 3. All

the work having been done, we could have a rest. 4. The text-book has many il-

lustrations, some of them being the pictures of famous English painters. 5. The

students having made many mistakes in their translation, the teacher put bad

marks. 6. The weather being fine, we shall go to the country tomorrow. 7. All

the students passed their winter exams, Nick and Mike being the best. 8. The

night being very cold, we wore coats and hats. 9. The meeting being over, the

concert began. 10. They went to the cinema yesterday, the film being very good.

11. The film being very good, they went to the cinema.

II. Соедините два предложения в одно, используя независимый прича-

стный оборот, и переведите их на русский язык.

Образец: The lesson is over. We shall go to play football. The lesson being

over, we shall go to play football.

Когда закончится урок, мы поедем играть в футбол.

1. Nic k w as ill. We didn’t see him at the University last time. 2. Last summer w e

visited Paris. Louvre made a great impression on us. 3. The goods were

unloaded. The ship was ready to return back to the country. 4. Americans like to

travel by car. The roads are fine there. 5. The text is very difficult. He couldn’t

translate it without a dictionary. 6. It was very late. We had to return home. 7. I

arrived at the station. My parents were waiting for me.

III. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. There being dark in the room, he couldn’t find his bag. 2. The work having

been finished, the scientists realised how they were tired. 2. We have three les-

sons a day, each lesson lasting an hour and a half. 4. The experiments having

been carried out, we could compare some results. 5. Many people like to watch

TV programs in the evening, some shows being uninteresting and it is waste of

time to see them. 6. I like to read English books in the original, my favourite

writer being Theodor Dreiser. 7. People are fond of travelling, some of them

making it their profession.

100

Предтекстовые упражнения

(The exercises to be done before reading the text)

IV. Прочтите и переведите интернациональные слова. Проверьте

выделенные слова по словарю.

Start, adapt, tolerant, actual, contact, marmalade, jam, idea, stop.

V. Прочтите новые слова и переведите предложения.

to travel - путешествовать. Do you like to travel? (travelling) Travelling is his

hobby.

mind - ум, кругозор. Travelling broadens the mind.

to mind - возражать. Do you mind my opening the window?

never mind - неважно (не имеет значения). When he was asked about the cost

of the ticket, he said “Never mind”.

custom - привычка (обычай). Their customs are very unusual.

to be accustomed (to) - быть привыкшим (привыкнуть к чему-либо). He was

so accustomed to his old things that he didn’t want to throw them off (избав-

ляться).

customs - таможня. Have you gone through the customs?

customer - пос етитель, клиент. The customer is always right.

to happe n - случаться. What happened? It so happened that first I saw the play

before reading the book.

a trip - поездка.

to go for a trip - отправляться в поездку. Will you go to France for a business

trip?

to decide (to make up one’s mind) - решать. What have you decided to do

with this house? I made up my mind to sell it.