Van Dyke R.M, Alcock S.E. (ред.) Archaeologies of Memory
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Archaeologies of Memory
Archaeologies of Memory
Edited by
Ruth M.Van Dyke
and Susan E. Alcock
© 2003 by Blackwell Publishers Ltd
a Blackwell Publishing company
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First published 2003 by Blackwell Publishers Ltd
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Archaeologies of memory / edited by Ruth M.Van Dyke and Susan E. Alcock.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-631-23584-1 (alk. paper) – ISBN 0-631-23585-X (pbk. : alk. paper)
1. Social archaeology. 2. Memory–Social aspects. I. Van Dyke, Ruth.
II. Alcock, Susan E.
CC72.4 .A733 2003
930.1–dc21
2002009132
A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library.
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Contents
List of Plates vii
List of Figures viii
List of Maps ix
Notes on the Contributors x
Preface xiii
1 Archaeologies of Memory: An Introduction 1
Ruth M.Van Dyke and Susan E. Alcock
Part I: Memory Studies with Access to Texts 15
2 Echoes of Empire:Vijayanagara and Historical Memory,
Vijayanagara as Historical Memory 17
Carla M. Sinopoli
3 Memory’s Materiality: Ancestral Presence, Commemorative
Practice and Disjunctive Locales 34
Lynn Meskell
4 Memory Tattered and Torn: Spolia in the Heartland of
Byzantine Hellenism 56
Amy Papalexandrou
5 Glories of the Past in the Past: Ritual Activities at Palatial
Ruins in Early Iron Age Crete 81
Mieke Prent
6 Concrete Memories: Fragments of the Past in the Classic
Maya Present (500–1000 ad) 104
Rosemary A. Joyce
Part II: Memory Studies in Prehistory 127
7 Creating Memory in Prehistory: The Engraved Slate
Plaques of Southwest Iberia 129
Katina T. Lillios
vi Contents
8 Mounds, Memory, and Contested Mississippian History 151
Timothy R. Pauketat and Susan M. Alt
9 Memory and the Construction of Chacoan Society 180
Ruth M.Van Dyke
Part III: Caveats and Commentaries 201
10 The Familiar Honeycomb: Byzantine Era Reuse Of Sicily’s
Prehistoric Rock-Cut Tombs 203
Emma Blake
11 The Translation of Time 221
Richard Bradley
Index 228
Figures
4.1 Church of the Virgin of Skripou. Reconstruction of south facade 66
5.1 Plan of the sanctuary at Palaikastro: (A and B) architectural remains
of the fifth century bc and later, (C) Early Iron Age ash altar, (D)
stepped area 86
5.2 Bronze tripod-cauldron and decorated shield from Palaikastro 88
6.1 Drawing of a Maya monument showing how ear spools were
worn.Yaxchilan Lintel 26 110
7.1 Anatomy of a classic Iberian plaque. Plaque from Folha da
Amendoeira, Beja (ht. 18cm) 133
7.2a–f Artifacts discussed in text. (a) Limestone hafted adze from São
Martinho de Sintra (Lisboa) (b) Plaque from Idanha-a-Nova (Castelo
Branco), ht. 19.5cm (c) Plaque from Anta 1 da Herdado do Passo
(Évora), ht. 16.2cm (d) Plaque (fragment) from Anta Grande do
Olival da Paga (Évora), ht. 12cm (e) Plaque from Folha da
Amendoeira (Beja), ht. 16.5cm (f ) Plaque fragment recycled into
pendant from Ribeira de Odivelas (Évora), ht. 12cm 135
7.3 Percentage of plaques by registers and motif 138
7.4a–d Register continuity by motif and tomb and tomb group: (a)
checkerboard, (b) chevron, (c) zigzag, (d) triangle 144
8.1 The Kings Crossing Site near Vicksburg, Mississippi 155
9.1 Plan of Pueblo Bonito, showing the two mounds and the early
construction stages 183
9.2 Red Willow great house 188
9.3 Plan of the great kiva Casa Rinconada, illustrating floor features 190
Plates
2.1 The Ramachandra temple 23
2.2a and b Hanuman sculpture in Vijayanagara metropolitan region 24
2.3 Sixteenth century temple gopuram (Kalahasti, Tamil Nadu) 26
2.4 Vijayanagara courtly architecture: Pavilion in the Royal Center 28
3.1 Statue of Amenhotep I, Turin Museum 38
3.2 Stela of Khonsu, Nineteenth Dynasty, from Deir el Medina 43
4.1 The “Little Metropolis,” Athens. General view from northwest 59
4.2 Church of the Virgin at Merbaka. Detail of north facade 60
4.3 Church of the Virgin of Skripou. Detail of south facade 65
5.1 Amnisos. Part of the more than 44m long Bronze Age wall 83
5.2 Phaistos. Early Iron Age and later sanctuary at the foot of
Bronze Age ashlar walls 84
6.1 Fragment of a bone ornament (possibly a hair pin) recovered
at Copan (Peabody Museum catalogue number
92-49-20/C202) 106
6.2 Jade pendant head recovered from the cenote at Chichen Itza,
inscribed on reverse with a text referring to events in the
history of Piedras Negras (Peabody Museum catalogue number
37-39-20/4885). 120
6.3 Upper right-hand section of a jade plaque in the form of a
celt, used in sets of three as pendants suspended below jade
masks on the belts of Classic Maya noble men (Peabody
Museum catalogue number 977-4-20/25516) 121
8.1 Mound A at the Toltec Site, Arkansas 156
8.2a and b Platform mounds compared: (a) Aztalan, and (b) Cahokia 159
10.1 Pantalica view 206
10.2 Pantalica, Filiporto settlement complex: prehistoric tomb
entrances with expanded Byzantine era doorway on the left 209
10.3 Pantalica: chapel of S. Micidiario, interior. Apse with niches
and modern-day graffiti visible 210
Maps
2.1 Vijayanagara urban core and key locations in the region’s
sacred geography 20
3.1 Map of New Kingdom Egypt, showing location of Deir el
Medina in the Theban West Bank 35
4.1 Map of sites mentioned in text 58
5.1 Map of Crete, with sites mentioned in the text: (1) Knossos,
(2) Amnisos, (3) Phaistos, (4) Ayia Triada, (5)Kommos, (6) Tylisos,
(7) Palaikastro, (8) Axos, (9) Gortyn, (10) Lato, (11) Praisos,
(12) Itanos 82
7.1 Number of slate plaques in study, by district (Portugal) or
province (Spain). Map also shows sources of amphibolite, in black 132
7.2a–d Plaque distributions, showing plaque with lowest number of
registers at site: (a) checkerboard, (b) chevron, (c) zig zag, (d)
triangle. 139–42
8.1 Map of selected sites and cultural complexes in the precolumbian
Mississippi Valley 153
9.1 Locations of Chaco Canyon and outlier communities 182
9.2 The Red Willow–Los Rayos road on Tohatchi Flats 193