Kolodziejczyk Dariusz. The Crimean Khanate and Poland-Lithuania (ENG)
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DOCUMENT 17 (14 MARCH 1516)
e instrument of agreement (dokončane) issued by Sigismund
as the grand duke of Lithuania and sent to Khan Mehmed Giray
e original document is missing.
Ruthenian copies:
A. RGADA, fond 389 = Litovskaja metrika, no. 7, pp. 621/622–629/630
1
[old foliation: 313a–317a].
A.* 18th-century Latin script transcription: AGAD, Metryka Litewska,
no. 193, pp. 389–393.
Тое доконъчанъе ѡт Господарѧ Его Милости, великого королѧ Жик-
гимонъта послано до Манметы Кгирѣѧ,
a
царꙗ перекопского паном
Скинъдерем:
Во имѧ боже станъсѧ!
Кꙋ векꙋистои тое то рѣчи памѧти, мы Жикгимонътъ, з ласки божеи
корол полскии, великии кнѧзь литовскии, рꙋскии, кнѧжа прꙋское,
жомоитъскии, и иныхъ, ꙗвно чинимъ тым то нашимъ листомъ, штож
вглѧновши есмо в старыи доконъчалъные привилѧ и листы счасное
памѧти предьковъ наших, то естъ дѣда
b
нашого, Королѧ Его Милости
Владыслава Ѧкгела, и великого кнѧзѧ Витовта, и Жикгимонъта, и
славное памꙗти ѡтца нашого, королѧ и великого кнѧзѧ Казимера, с
предки Великое Ѡрды великого царꙗ Магъмет Кириѧ, брата нашого,
то есть с царемъ Такмомышомъ
c
и иными цари, такъже и с царемъ
Ачжикгириемъ, и с царем Менъдликгириемъ, ѡтцомъ его, иж ѡни
часꙋ панованъѧ своего промежку себе были ꙋ верномъ братстве и
в сталои приꙗзни, ѡдин другого приꙗтелю были приꙗтелемъ, а
неприꙗтелю неприꙗтелемъ, и везде споломъ на всѧкого их неприꙗтелѧ
стоꙗли
d
за ѡдин, и с того панъство их ширилосѧ и множилосꙗ, а
неприꙗтелемъ их рꙋка слаба была. Мы бачачи, иж каждаѧ приꙗзнь
стараѧ тривала естъ, и новое дѣло подъ вонъпенъемъ сталости, по
смерти брата нашого Алексанъдра, королѧ и великого кнѧзѧ, седши
на столъцахъ тыхъ ѡтчизных и дедичныхъ наших панъствъ, то естъ
Короны Полское и Великого Кнѧзьства Литовского, не хотели есмо
1
Mistaken double pagination: two consecutive page numbers appear on each
page.
a
A*. Mahmet Girieja.
b
Written mistakenly: дѣла; cf. Document 10.
c
A copyist’s mistake; as the written Cyrillic т is similar to м, it should read: Так-
томышомъ; cf. Document 10.
d
Written mistakenly: стоꙗти; cf. Document 10.
document 17 (14 march 1516) 625
искати индеи приꙗтелеи мимо брата нашого ѡтца его, великого царѧ
Менъдликгиреѧ. По вси тыи лета ѡт оных часовъ и до сих мисть
склонилисꙗ есмо приꙗзнъю нашою и добротою к немꙋ, ѡбъсылаючи
его, и здоровꙗ его навежаючы многими послы и частыми гонъцы. А
какъ ѡтца его в животе не стало, Богъ дꙋшꙋ его с того света взиалъ,
а ѡн на столъцохъ ѡтчизныхъ ѡтца своего царемъ ѡсталъ, мы такъже
мимо его, брата нашого, великого царѧ Магъмед Киреѧ, инъде приꙗтелѧ
собѣ не искали. Тыми пакъ часы брат нашъ, Магъметь Киреи цар,
видечи справедливꙋю и сердечную нашу к немꙋ приꙗзнь, писал и
всказалъ к намъ черезъ свои велики послы, через Башибекъ мурзꙋ,
Ꙗбукъ мурзꙋ, а черезь писарѧ своего латинъского, Авкгустина
Кгарибалдꙋса, жадаючи нас, абыхмо длꙗ верного братства и веч-
нои нашои приꙗзни промежку нами доконъчалъными нашими льсты
списалисѧ и присѧгами ꙋтвердилисѧ по тому, какъ и з ѡтцомъ его,
братомъ нашимъ, славное памꙗти великимъ царемъ Менли Кгириемъ.
Ино мы Жикгимонт, королъ и великии кнѧзь, порадившисѧ ѡ томъ с
кнѧзи бискупы и со всими Паны Радами нашими Великого Кнѧзьства
Литовского, з божее ласки и з нашое воли к тому есмо призволили.
Через нашъ листь знаменито чиним, штож взꙗли есмо мир и веч-
ное доконченъе з братомъ нашимъ, Великое Ѡрды великим царемъ
Магъметъ Кгириемъ, штож жити нам с нимъ в ласце и приꙗзни
по тому, какъ предъкове наши были зъ его предки, и ѡтецъ нашъ
Казимер королъ зъ его дѣдомъ Ачжикгириемъ царемъ, и мы зъ
ѡтцомъ его великимъ царемъ Менликгириемъ, приꙗтелю его быти
намъ приꙗтелемъ, а неприꙗтелю непрꙗтелемъ, и везде на всꙗкого
е
его недрꙋга быти намъ с нимъ за ѡдинъ. Такъже брат нашъ, Магъ-
меткиреи цар [мает]
f
съ своими детми и внучаты, и з братею своею
молодъшою, и его правое рꙋки и левое великого влуса с темники, и
з тисѧчники, и сотники, и всими вланы, и мурзы, и кнѧзи, приꙗтелю
нашомꙋ быти приꙗтелемъ, а неприꙗтелю неприꙗтелемъ, и везде на
всꙗкого нашого неприꙗтелꙗ с нами быти за ѡдинъ.
И которые городы и волости, земли и воды неприꙗтел нашъ мос-
ковскии черезь свою присѧгꙋ и докончанъе здрадне подъ братомъ
нашимъ Алексанъдромъ, королемъ и великимъ кнѧземъ, и под нами
забрал и посел, тые городы и волости, земли и воды братъ нашъ, Магъ-
метъ Кгиреи царъ, помочю своею вынемъши з рꙋкъ того неприꙗтелѧ
нашого московского, мает засѧ нам в нашу моцъ подати, и на потомъ
завжды на того нашого неприꙗтелꙗ московского всими своими воиски
помоцонъ нам быти. Тежь естли бы сѧ пригодло на которогоколъве
иного неприꙗтелѧ нашого помочи намъ ѡт брата нашого, Магъметъ
Кгиреѧ, и брат нашъ, Магъмет Кгиреи цар, маетъ намъ сꙋмою людеи
послати, колъко намъ будетъ потребъ.
е
Mistakenly repeated.
f
Cf. Document 10.
626 document 17 (14 march 1516)
Такъже и тые городы, которыи ж предкове его, первые цари, и
дедь его Ачжикгиреи цар, и ѡтець его цар Менли Кгиреи, и братъ
нашъ вжо тыхъ часов Магъметъ Кгиреи цар, со тмами и зъ землꙗми,
и з водами, и всими доходы и данъми, в своихъ листехъ за золотыми
печатми писали к Великому Кнѧзьству Литовскому, ино некоторые
с тыхъ городовъ и волостеи, и земль, и водь, невеременемъ предъ-
ковъ наших впали в руки московского, братъ нашъ Магъметъ Кгиреи
цар подле докончалъныхъ листов предъковъ его, и ѡтца его Менъ-
дли Кгиреѧ царѧ, и подле приреченъѧ его крепкого царского слова,
вынемши з моци московского нам маеть засѧ подати.
А што брату нашому, Магъмет Кгирею царю, неприꙗтели ахматовы
а магъмутовы дети, то и намъ неприꙗтели, быти намъ с царем Магмет
Кгириемъ на нихъ за ѡдинъ. А неприꙗтелꙗ его, Ши-Ахъмата царѧ,
в литовскои земъли твердо будемъ стоꙗти,
g
а на его лихо не выпус-
кати, и до живота его, поки ѡт Бога смерть на него приидетъ; такъже
и слуг
h
его на его лихо не выпускати, естли теж Магъметъ Кгиреи
цар будетъ намъ слово свое царское крепъкое держати и присѧгу
полнити.
А которые лихие дѣла стали сꙗ были за ѡтца нашого, Казимера
королѧ, и за братю нашу старъшую Ѡлбрихта и Александра коро-
левъ, и вжо за нас, Жикгимонъта королѧ, ѡт брати и ѡт детеи его, и
ѡт иныхъ солтановъ, и ѡт всих влановъ и кнезеи, и ѡт всихъ слугъ
вашихъ панъствамъ нашимъ ѡтчизнымъ, Корꙋне Полское и Вели-
кому Кнѧзьству Литовскомꙋ, и штоколъве ѡни шкодь тымъ землꙗмъ
нашимъ по тыи лета вчинили, мы то все им ѡтпускаемъ, и тые их вси
лихие дѣла з мысли нашое складаемъ, и не хочемъ того памꙗтати.
Такъже з божего допущенъꙗ
i
Магъметъ Кгиреи цар, брат нашъ,
и сынъ его в головахъ Богатыр солътанъ, и Алпъ
j
солтанъ, и инъ-
шие солтанове в томъ еднанъи будꙋчи, до нас, к Великому Кнѧзьству
Литовскому в гостиною приедꙋть, або и мнѣ, Жикгимонъту королю,
на помочъ напротивку неприꙗтелꙗ моего, на нашо слово з воис-
комъ своимъ неприꙗтелю неприꙗзнь чинити, а нашо дѣло на добрыи
конецъ на неприꙗтелѧ доводити, ино ѡни маютъ в нас в ласце и в
чсти быти, а въ ласце
k
и во чсти ѡтехати, занюж ѡт нас шкоды имъ
не бꙋдетъ.
Такъже ѡт Магъметъ Кгиреиꙗ царѧ, брата нашого влусовъ, кото-
рые богатые а вбогие купцы коли до нашое земли приедꙋтъ, стародав-
ные ꙋставленые мыта ѡтдавши, звышъ того нашимъ врꙗдникомъ силы,
моцы им не делати, а которыи врадникъ нашъ с того бы росказанꙗ
g
Apparently it should read держати as in Document 10.
h
Written mistakenly: слуга; cf. Document 10.
i
Written mistakenly: допущенъе; cf. Document 10.
j
Written mistakenly with a metathesis: Аплъ.
k
Mistakenly repeated (а въ в ласце).
document 17 (14 march 1516) 627
нашого выступил, на звышъ пошлены што на нихъ възѧл, того намъ
сказънити, а имъ заплату сполна казати заплатити; нехаи вси
l
кꙋпци
брата нашого во здоровъи приедꙋтъ, а в цилости ѡтедꙋт.
Такъже брату нашому, Магъмет Кгирею царꙋ, з ласки нашое братс-
кое хотѧчи помочъ вчинити, абы ѡн своихъ вѣрныхъ слугъ ку помочи
нашои напротивку неприꙗтелеи наших вспомагал, и ѡбецаемъ ему в
каждыи годъ впоминъки слати с тыхъ ѡбеюхъ нашихъ панъствъ, с
Короны Полское и Великого Кнѧзьства
m
Литовского, пꙗтнадъцатъ
тисѧчи золотыхъ, а то тымъ ѡбычаемъ: с Короны Полское поль ѡсмы
тисѧчи золотыхъ, а з Великого Кнѧзьства поль ѡсмы тисѧчи золо-
тыхъ, половицꙋ пенезми, а половицꙋ товаромъ, кождого годꙋ на два
роки: первыи рокъ маетъ быти ꙋ брата нашого ѡ сеимои суботе пол
ѡсмы тисѧчи золотыхъ, дрꙋгии рокъ ѡ Светомъ Мартине дрꙋгаѧ по[л]
ѡсмы тисѧчи золотыхъ. А братъ нашъ, Магъметь Кгиреи цар, маетъ
на того нашого неприꙗтелѧ, коли намъ надобе, завжды без вымовы
помочон быти, и на всихъ иныхъ нашихъ неприꙗтелеи, и во всемъ
намъ по тому правити, какъ вышеи в семъ нашемъ листе
n
выписано.
А мы теж сь своего слова брату нашому ни в чомъ не выступимъ,
и на тые на вси правдивые наши слова с кнѧзи бискупы, и со всими
Паны Радами нашими Великого Кнѧзьства Литовского присѧгу
твердꙋю вчинивши, дали есмо сеи нашъ листь з нашою печатъю Вели-
кого Кнѧзьства Литовского маистатъною болъшею, и с печатми Панов
Рад нашихъ при томъ будꙋчихъ:
o
кнѧзь Воитехъ бискупъ виленскии;
воевода виленъскии, панъ канцлер наш, панъ Миколаи Миколаевичъ
Радивиловича; пан виленъскии, гетманъ наивышии, староста луц-
кии, маршалокъ волынъское земли, кнѧзь Костантинъ Ивановичъ
Ѡстрозки; воевода троцъкии, маршалокъ нашъ дворныи, панъ Григо-
реи Станиславовичъ Ѡстиковича; пан троцкии, староста жомои тскии,
пан Станислав Ꙗновичъ; маршалок земъскии, державца слонимъскии,
панъ Ꙗн Миколаевичъ Радивиловича; воевода полоцкии, державца
мозырскии, панъ Ѡлъбрыхтъ Мартиновичъ Кгаштовтовича; воевода
новогородскии, маршалокъ наш Ꙗн Ꙗнович Заберезинъскии; мар-
шалокъ нашъ, староста берестеискии и лидскии, панъ Юрьи Ивано-
вичъ Илинича; подскарбии земскии, староста ковенскии, панъ Аврам
Езоѳовичъ.
Стало сѧ и дано ꙋ Вилни лѣта божего тисѧча пꙗтъсотъ шостого-
надъцатъ, месеца марта д҃ı҃ [14], индикт д҃ [4].
l
Written mistakenly: вели; cf. Document 10.
m
Written mistakenly: Кнuзьстви; cf. Document 10.
n
Written mistakenly: листемъ; cf. Document 10.
ο
Written mistakenly: будyчимъ.
628 document 17 (14 march 1516)
Translation:
is letter of agreement was sent from His Majesty, the hospodar [i.e., grand
duke], the great king Sigismund, to Mehmed Giray, the khan of Perekop [i.e.,
the Crimean khan], through Pan Skinder:
2
Let it happen in the name of God!
For eternal memory, we, Sigismund, by the grace of God the king of Poland, the
grand duke of Lithuania, Ruthenia, the duke of Prussia, Samogitia,
3
and other
[lands], we make known with our present letter that as we have inspected the
old privileges and letters of agreement of our ancestors of felicitous memory,
namely our grandfather, His Royal Majesty Vladislaus Jagiełło, Grand Duke
Vytautas, Sigismund,
4
and our father of glorious memory, the king and grand
duke Casimir, [exchanged] with the ancestors of our brother Mehmed Giray,
the great khan of the Great Horde, namely Khan Tokhtamısh and other khans,
also with Khan Hadji Giray, and with his [i.e., Mehmed Giray’s] father, Khan
Mengli Giray, [we have concluded] that as during their reigns they had mutu-
ally cultivated loyal brotherhood and constant friendship, being a friend to the
other’s friend, and an enemy to the other’s enemy, and together they had faced
every enemy everywhere, in result their domain[s] had widened and multi-
plied, and their enemies had had their hands weakened. Seeing that every old
friendship is durable while a new venture is subject to doubt in regard to its
stability, having ascended the thrones of our ancestral and hereditary states,
namely the Polish Crown and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, aer the death
of our brother, the king and grand duke Alexander, we did not want to seek
friends beyond our brother’s father, the great khan Mengli Giray. For all these
years since those times and until this point, we have been amiably and well
disposed towards him, having dispatched multiple envoys and frequent couri-
ers to inquire about his health. And when his father was no longer among the
living and God took his soul from this world, as our brother, the great khan
Mehmed Giray, ascended the ancestral thrones
5
of his father, we also did not
seek friends beyond him. Upon seeing our loyal and sincere friendship towards
him, our brother Mehmed Giray Khan wrote and notied us through his great
2
On Stanisław Skinder, also the envoy to the Crimea in the years 1512–1514, see
Document 12, n. 29.
3
I.e., Žemaitija (Pol. Żmudź).
4
Sigismund (Lith. Žygimantas), younger brother of Vytautas and grand duke of
Lithuania in the years 1432–1440.
5
ough in theory the plural might refer to the two hordes—the Crimean and
Trans-Volgine—, to which the Girays claimed hereditary rights (cf. Document 7), it is
rather a calque of the entry referring to the two thrones of Sigismund (i.e., of Poland
and Lithuania).
document 17 (14 march 1516) 629
envoys, Bashıbek Mirza,
6
Yabuk
7
Mirza, and his Latin scribe, Augustino [de]
Garibaldis,
8
demanding that for the sake of loyal brotherhood and eternal
friendship between us we exchange letters of agreement [Ruth. dokončalnyi
lysty] and conrm them with oaths, in the same manner as we had done with
his father and our brother, the great khan of glorious memory, Mengli Giray.
And we, the king and grand duke Sigismund, having taken counsel with the
reverend bishops and with all our Lords Councilors of the Grand Duchy of
Lithuania, have given consent for it with the grace of God and our will.
With our letter we make known that we have councluded peace and eter-
nal agreement with our brother Mehmed Giray, the great khan of the Great
Horde, to live with him in harmony and amity, as our ancestors had with his
ancestors, and our father King Casimir had with his grandfather Hadji Giray
Khan, and we had with his father, the great khan Mengli Giray, to be a friend
to his friend and an enemy to his enemy, and to face jointly with him any of
his enemies from any direction. Also our brother, Mehmed Giray Khan, along
with his children and grandchildren, his younger brothers, the commanders
of ten thousands [tümens], thousands, hundreds, and tens of the great people
[ulus] of his right hand and le, all the ulans, mirzas, and beys [Ruth. knezy],
should be a friend to our friend and an enemy to our enemy, and face jointly
with us any of our enemies from any direction.
And whichever towns, estates, lands, and waters our Muscovian enemy
treacherously captured and took in possession in violation of his oath and
agreement under [the reign of] our brother, the king and grand duke Alexan-
der, and under our [reign],
9
our brother, Mehmed Giray Khan, by his [military]
6
Bashıbek (Bakšibek in the Russian sources), a member of the Shirin clan referred
to in a Russian diplomatic report as the brother of Hüdayar (Kudojar in the Rus-
sian sources), hence also the brother of Evliya (a future envoy to Poland-Lithuania
in the years 1520–1522) and son of Devletek; see Pamjatniki diplomatičeskix snošenij,
vol. 2, p. 293; on the Shirins’ genealogy, cf. Document 9, n. 16 and Document 19,
notes 8–9. e Crimean embassy was received by King Sigismund in Cracow on 25
August 1515, aer his return from the diplomatic congress in Vienna; see Kazimierz
Pułaski, “Machmet-Girej,” p. 288, and Feliks Šabul’do, “Jarlyki,” pp. 257 and 261–262.
Šabul’do suggests that Bashıbek delivered a presently lost yarlıq, issued by the new
khan, which served as the basis for the document issued in 1517 by Bahadır Giray
(cf. Document 18). e argument is convincing, especially as in 1516 Mehmed Giray
referred to the great embassy of Bashıbek Mirza that had arrived “with an oath and
[a letter of] agreement” (z przysięgą i dokończeniem); see his letter to Sigismund, pub-
lished in Acta Tomiciana, vol. 4, p. 88.
7
e envoy’s name was alternatively pronounced Chabuk (Czabuk); see Acta
Tomiciana, vol. 4, p. 88.
8
On Augustino de Garibaldis, a Genovese from Caa in the khan’s service, fre-
quently sent in diplomatic missions, see Document 16, n. 18; in February 1514 he
brought Mengli Giray’s yarlıq to Vilnius (Document 12) and in November 1514 issued
the Italian version of the khan’s instrument regarding Poland (Document 16).
9
e mention of territorial losses under the reign of King Sigismund especially
refers to Smolensk, captured by the Muscovian army in 1514; cf. Document 10, where
this clause was not yet entered.
630 document 17 (14 march 1516)
assistance should recapture these towns, estates, lands, and waters from the
hands of the Muscovian enemy, and restore them into our might, and in the
future always assist [us] with all his troops against the Muscovian enemy. And
if it so happens that we [ask] our brother, Mehmed Giray, for help against any
other of our enemies, then our brother, Mengli Giray Khan, should send us as
many men as we need.
Moreover, [in regard to] the towns that his ancestors, the rst khans, and his
grandfather, Hadji Giray Khan, and his father, Khan Mengli Giray, and—also
in the recent times—our brother, Mehmed Giray Khan, have written down in
their letters with golden seals [and granted] to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
along with their tümens, lands, waters, all incomes and levies, as some of these
towns, estates, lands, and waters have fallen into the hands of the Muscovian
[ruler] in the unfortunate times of our ancestors, our brother, Mehmed Giray
Khan, should—in conformity with the letters of agreement of his ancestors and
his father, Mengli Giray Khan, and with the tenor of his rm royal word—
recapture them from the might of the Muscovian [ruler] and restore to us.
And as the children of Ahmed and Mahmud
10
are enemies of our brother,
Mehmed Giray Khan, they are our enemies, too, and we will face them jointly,
along with Mehmed Giray Khan. And we will detain in Lithuania his enemy,
Sheikh Ahmed, for life, until he is reached by death sent by God; and we will
not let him go so that he does not commit any harm to him [i.e., Mehmed
Giray]; likewise, we will not let his [i.e., Sheikh Ahmed’s] servants go so that
they do not commit any harm to him [i.e., Mehmed Giray], if only Mehmed
Giray Khan keeps his rm royal word and fullls his oath [given] to us.
As regards the harm committed during [the reigns of] our father, King Casi-
mir, and our elder brothers, the kings [John] Albert and Alexander, and also
recently during [the reign of] us, King Sigismund, by his brothers and children,
and other sultans [i.e., princes], and by all ulans and beys, and all your servants
towards our ancestral states, the Polish Crown and the Grand Duchy of Lithu-
ania, and whatever damage they have caused to our lands up till the present,
we forgive them, we release all this harm from our memory, and we do not
intend to remember it.
Moreover, if by God’s permission our brother, Mehmed Giray Khan, his son
Bahadır Sultan
11
—to begin with, Alp Sultan,
12
or other sultans [i.e., princes] par-
ticipating in this reconciliation, come to us, to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania,
10
“e children of Ahmed and Mahmud”—on this customary formula, referring to
the khans of the Great Horde and of Astrakhan, who were the traditional enemies of
the Girays; see Document 10, n. 7.
11
e oldest son of Mehmed Giray; in 1519, aer the rebellion of Mehmed Giray’s
brother, Ahmed Giray, Bahadır replaced the latter as the qalga; in 1523, during the
Astrakhan campaign, he was killed along with his father by the Nogays; cf. Pamjat-
niki diplomatičeskix snošenij, vol. 2, p. 636 and index, columns 23–24; Syroečkovskij,
“Muxammed-Geraj i ego vassaly,” pp. 53–57.
12
e second son of Mehmed Giray; he sided with his brother, Bahadır Giray; in
1519 he killed their uncle, Ahmed Giray, aer the latter rebelled against the khan; cf.
Pamjatniki diplomatičeskix snošenij, vol. 2, index, columns 9–10.
document 17 (14 march 1516) 631
to seek hospitality or to assist me, King Sigismund, against my enemy and—on
our request—to show enmity to [our] enemy along with their troops and to
bring our case against this enemy to a propitious conclusion, they should enjoy
favor and reverence among us, they should be able to depart enjoying favor and
reverence, as they will suer no harm from us.
Moreover, when merchants—either rich or poor—come to our land from
among the peoples [uluses] of our brother, Mehmed Giray Khan, aer they
have paid the ancient, established tolls, our ocials should not employ force
or violence against them; and if any of our ocials breaks our present order
and collects from them more than the [customary] tax, we should punish him
and order to fully restore them the [illegal] payment; may all merchants of our
brother come safe and depart sound.
Moreover, as—with our brotherly favor—we intend to help our brother,
Mehmed Giray Khan, so that he may provide his loyal servants [sent] to assist
us against our enemies, we promise to send him each year gis [upomynky]
from our two states, the Polish Crown and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, [in
the amount of] 15,000 orins [zolotys], in the following manner: 7,500 orins
from the Polish Crown and 7,500 orins from the Grand Duchy, one half in cash
and one half in goods, every year in two rates: the rst rate—7,500 orins—
should reach our brother on the seventh Saturday [i.e., the Saturday before
the Pentecost], the second rate of another 7,500 orins on St. Martin’s Day.
13
And [in return] our brother, Mehmed Giray Khan, should always, whenever
we need it and without any excuse, be of assistance against our present [i.e.,
Muscovian] enemy and against all our other enemies, and he should fulll all
his duties towards us, as it is written above in our present letter.
And neither will we depart in any detail from our word [given] to our
brother; and having conrmed with rm oath[s] the veracity of all our pres-
ent words along with the reverend bishops and with all our Lords Councilors
of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, we have issued our present letter with our
great majestic seal of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania,
14
and with the seals of
our Lords Councillors, who have been present: the Reverend Wojciech,
15
the
bishop of Vilnius; Pan Mikołaj Mikołajewicz Radziwiłł,
16
the palatine of Vil-
nius and our chancellor; Prince Kostjantyn Ivanovyč Ostroz’kyj,
17
the lord [i.e.,
castellan] of Vilnius, the highest hetman, the starosta of Luc’k, the marshal of
Volhynia; Pan Hryhoryj Stanisławowicz Ościkowicz,
18
the palatine of Trakai
and our court marshal; Pan Stanisław Janowicz,
19
the lord [i.e., castellan] of
13
I.e., 11 November.
14
On the great majestic seal used in the Lithuanian chancery, see Document 10,
n. 9.
15
On Wojciech Radziwiłł, the bishop of Vilnius from 1507 till 1519, see Document
9, n. 23.
16
On Mikołaj Radziwiłł, see Document 10, n. 11.
17
On Kostjantyn Ostroz’kyj, see Document 10, n. 12.
18
On Grzegorz Ościkowicz (Hryhoryj Ostykovyč), see Document 10, n. 13.
19
On Stanisław Janowicz Kieżgajło, see Document 10, n. 14.
632 document 17 (14 march 1516)
Trakai and the starosta of Samogitia; Pan Jan Mikołajewicz Radziwiłł,
20
the
land marshal and the tenant of Slonim; Pan Olbracht Marcinowicz Gasztołd,
21
the palatine of Polack and the tenant of Mazyr; Jan Janowicz Zabrzeziński,
22
the palatine of Navahrudak and our marshal;
23
Pan Jurij Ivanovyč Ilinič,
24
our
marshal, the starosta of Brest and Lida; Pan Avram Ezofovyč,
25
the land trea-
surer, the starosta of Kaunas.
Took place and given in Vilnius anno Domini 1516, on the 14th day of the
month of March, during the 4th indiction.
26
20
Jan Radziwiłł, lieutenant of Slonim since 1505, Lithuanian land marshal since
1514, castellan of Trakai since 1522; see his biography by Krzysztof Pietkiewicz in
PSB, vol. 30, pp. 191–192.
21
Olbracht Gasztołd, starosta of Bielsk and Mazyr and palatine of Polack since
1513, palatine of Trakai since 1519, palatine of Vilnius and Lithuanian chancellor
since 1522; see his biography by Władysław Pociecha in PSB, vol. 7 (Cracow, 1948–
1958), pp. 299–303.
22
On Jan Janowicz Zabrzeziński, see Document 10, n. 16.
23
On this title, not to be confused with the titles of land marshal and court marshal,
see Document 10, n. 17.
24
On Jurij Ivanovyč Ilinič, see Document 10, n. 19.
25
On Jan Abraham Ezofovyč, see Document 10, n. 23.
26
e fourth indiction lasted from 1 September 1515 till 31 August 1516.
DOCUMENT 18 (MAY–JUNE 1517
1
)
A copy of the donation yarlıq cum şartname (lyst dokončannyj) sent
by Khan Mehmed Giray to King Sigismund, corroborated and sworn
by Prince Bahadır Giray
2
e original document is missing.
Ruthenian copies:
A. RGADA, fond 389 = Litovskaja metrika, no. 223, fol. 185b–188a [old
foliation: 178b–181a].
A.* 18th-century Latin transcription: AGAD, Metryka Litewska,
no. 196, pp. 241–244 [new pagination: pp. 586–589].
Божъимъ именемъ починаемъ, которыи щасте дает и милость тым,
которыи братскую приꙗзнь правдиве держать и слово свое правдивое
сполнꙗют без ѡбмылы, съ чистого серъца своего.
Деда моего Мелли Кириꙗ слово, ѡтца моего Магмет Кириꙗ слово,
Багатырь солтаново слово, брата моего Алпъ Киреи солтаново слово:
Праваꙗ рꙋка, леваꙗ рꙋка
a
великого влуса темъникомъ, тисꙗчникомъ,
сотником, десꙗтником, вланом, кнѧземъ, теж рꙋскимъ кнѧземъ, мѣстомъ
и городом, митрополитомъ, ꙋладыкамъ, белыголовымъ, чернъцомъ,
1
is document is preserved in the Lithuanian Register among the documents
recorded in 1521. Yet, it refers to Olbracht Gasztołd as the Lithuanian envoy and to
Hemmet Sultan as still present in the khan’s retinue (on them, see notes 35 and 32
below). Besides, it is based on Mengli Giray’s yarlıq from 1514 (Document 14) or
probably on Mehmed Giray’s unpreserved yarlıq from 1515 rather than on Mehmed
Giray’s document from 1520 (Document 19). ese arguments allow us to date it
in 1517. is dating was already proposed by Borys Čerkas and Feliks Šabul’do; cf.
Čerkas, “Ukrajina v polityčnomu protystojanni Velykoho knjazivstva Lytovs’koho z
Moskovs’koju deržavoju i Krymom u 20-x–30-x rr. XVI st.,” p. 23; Šabul’do, “Jarlyki,”
pp. 264 and 268–270. Quoting a royal letter, announcing Gasztołd’s arrival at Kiev four
weeks aer Easter (that fell on 12 April in 1517), Šabul’do concluded that Gasztołd
might have arrived at Kiev on 10 May, and at Čerkasy between 15 and 20 May. Allow-
ing for a delay, I would propose to date this document in May-June 1517.
2
It is interesting that Bahadır Giray issued his own sealed document of peace even
before he became a qalga in 1519. It was not his rst overture in this regard. Already in
the instruction for the Muscovian envoy, Ivan Mamonov, drawn in 1515 in Moscow,
the envoy was ordered not to accept any separate instrument of peace from Bahadır
Giray if the Tatar prince proposed to draw such a document (a nečto carevič stanet
davati Ivanu svoju opričnjuju šertnuju gramotu, i Ivanu u careviča gramoty ego ne
imati); see Pamjatniki diplomatičeskix snošenij, vol. 2, p. 215.
a
It should read: Правое рyки, левое рyки.