Neamen D. Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design
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1.43 (a)
V
D
= 0.7V
I
D
= 26.7 μA
(b)
V
D
= 0.45 V
I
D
= 0
1.45 (a)
V
O
= I
I
·
(
1
)
,
I
D
= 0
;
for
0 ≤ I
I
≤ 0.7
mA
V
O
= 0.7
V,
I
D
=
(
I
I
−0.7
)
mA;
for
I
I
≥ 0.7
mA
(b)
V
O
= I
I
·
(
1
)
,
I
D
= 0
;
for
0 ≤ I
I
≤ 1.7
mA
V
O
= 1.7
V,
I
D
=
(
I
I
−1.7
)
mA;
for
I
I
≥ 1.7
mA
(c)
V
O
= 0.7
V,
I
D1
= I
I
and
I
D2
= 0
;
for
0 ≤ I
I
≤ 2
mA
1.47 (a) (i)
I = 0.215
mA,
V
O
= 0.7
V
(ii)
I = 0.220
mA,
V
O
= 0.6
V
(b) (i)
I = 0.2325
mA,
V
O
=−0.35
V
(ii)
I = 0.235
mA,
V
O
=−0.30
V
(c) (i)
I = 0.372
mA,
V
O
= 0.14
V
(ii)
I = 0.376
mA,
V
O
= 0.12
V
(d) (i)
I = 0
,
V
O
=−5
V
(ii)
I = 0
,
V
O
=−5
V
1.49 (a)
V
D
= 0.7
V,
V = 2.42
V
(b)
P = 0.28
mW
1.51 (a)
v
d
= 1.30
mV
(b)
v
d
= 1.30
mV
1.53 (b) For
I = 1mA
,
v
o
/v
s
= 0.0909
For
I = 0.1mA
,
v
o
/v
s
= 0.50
For
I = 0.01 mA
,
v
o
/v
s
= 0.909
1.55
I
S
= 4.87 ×10
−12
A
1.57 (a)
V
O
= 5.685 V
(b)
V
O
= 0.0392 V
(c)
V
O
= 5.658 V
1.59 (a)
V
O
= 6.921 V
(b)
V
O
=−0.13 V
1.61
V
D
= 0, I
D
= 0.2
A
V
D
= 0.60, I
D
= 0.1995
A
V
D
= 0.70, I
D
= 0.1754
A
V
D
= 0.7545, I
D
= 0
CHAPTER 2
2.1 (a)
v
O
= 0
for
v
I
≤ 0.6
V
v
O
=
1000
1020
(
v
I
−0.6
)
for
v
I
≥ 0.6
V
(b) (ii)
v
O
(
avg
)
= 2.89
V
(iii)
i
d
(
max
)
= 9.216
mA
(iv) PIV
= 10
V
1338 Appendix E Answers to Selected Problems
2.3 (a)
v
O
(
peak
)
= 16.27
V
(b)
i
D
(
peak
)
= 8.14
mA
(c) 48.7%
(d)
v
O
(
avg
)
= 5.06
V
(e)
i
d
(
avg
)
= 2.53
mA
2.5 (a)
R = 4.417
(b)
i
D
(
avg
)
= 0.436
A
(c) 27.6%
2.7 (a)
N
1
N
2
= 6.06
(b)
N
1
N
2
= 1.58
(c) For (a), PIV
= 52.1
V
For (b), PIV
= 202.1
V
2.9 (a)
v
S
(
rms
)
= 8.98
V
(b)
C = 4444 μ
F
(c)
i
D
(
max
)
= 4.58
A
2.11 (a)
10.3 ≤ v
O
≤ 12.3
V
(b)
0.490 ≤ V
r
≤ 0.586
V
(c)
C = 513 μ
F
2.13 (a)
v
S
(
rms
)
= 11.6
V
(b)
C = 2857 μ
F
2.15 (a)
N
1
N
2
= 13.3
(b)
C = 0.0116
F
(c)
i
D
(
peak
)
= 13.3
A
(d)
i
D
(
avg
)
= 0.539
A
(e)
PIV = 24.8
V
2.19 (a)
I
Z
= 0.367
mA,
I
L
= 0.975
mA,
P = 1.43
mW
(b)
I
Z
= 0.952
mA,
I
L
= 0.39
mA,
P = 3.71
mW
2.21 (a)
15 ≤ I
Z
≤ 259.74
mA
(b)
54.5 ≤ R
L
≤ 410
2.23 (a)
R
i
= 8.08
(b)
P
Z
= 11.9
W,
P
L
= 5
W
2.25 (a)
R
i
= 257
(b)
7.450 ≤ V
L
≤ 7.556
V; 4.42%
(c)
7.50 ≤ V
L
≤ 7.586
V; 1.15%
2.27 (a)
R
i
= 200
(b)
V
O
= 0.35 V
(c)
3.5%
2.29
5.0%, C = 0.0357 F
2.31 (a)
v
O
= 0
for
−10 ≤ v
I
≤ 3
V
v
O
=
[
(
0.5
)
v
I
−1.5
]
V for
v
I
≥ 3
V
nea80644_appE_1337-1358.qxd 8/6/09 10:09 AM Page 1338 pmath DATA-DISK:Desktop Folder:UDAYVEER/Neamen:
Appendix E Answers to Selected Problems 1339
(b)
−i
1
=
0 − v
I
10
mA for
v
I
≤ 0
i
1
= 0
for
0 ≤ v
I
≤ 3
V
i
1
=
v
I
−3
20
mA for
v
I
≥ 3
V
2.33 (a) (i)
v
O
= v
I
for
v
I
≥ 1.1
V
v
O
= 1.1
V for
v
I
≤ 1.1
V
(ii)
v
O
= v
I
for
v
I
≥−2.5
V
v
O
=−2.5
V for
v
I
≤−2.5
V
(b) (i)
v
O
= 2.5
V for
v
I
≥ 2.5
V
v
O
= v
I
for
v
I
≤ 2.5
V
(ii)
v
O
=−1.1
V for
v
I
≥−1.1
V
v
O
= v
I
for
v
I
≤−1.1
V
2.35 (a) (i)
v
O
= v
I
−5.7
V for
v
I
≥ 5.7
V
v
O
= 0
for
v
I
≤ 5.7
V
(ii)
v
O
= v
I
+4.3
V for
v
I
≥−4.3
V
v
O
= 0
for
v
I
≤−4.3
V
(b) (i)
v
O
= 0
for
v
I
≥ 4.3
V
v
O
= v
I
−4.3
V for
v
I
≤ 4.3
V
(ii)
v
O
= 0
for
v
I
≥−5.7
V
v
O
= v
I
+5.7
V for
v
I
≤−5.7
V
2.37
v
O
(
max
)
= 6.7
V,
v
O
(
min
)
=−4.7
V
2.39 (a) Square wave between
+40
V and 0.
(b) Square wave between
+35
V and
−5
V.
(c) Square wave between
+5
V and
−35
V.
2.41 Circuit similar to Figure 2.31(a)
with
V
B
=−10
V.
2.43 (i)
v
O
=
(
10 sin ω t − 5
)
V
(ii)
v
O
=
(
10 sin ω t − 15
)
V
2.45 (a)
I = I
D1
= I
D2
= 0
,
V
O
= 10
V
(b)
I = I
D2
= 0.94
mA,
I
D1
= 0
,
V
O
= 1.07
V
(c)
I = I
D2
= 0.44
mA,
I
D1
= 0
,
V
O
= 5.82
V
(d)
I = 0.964
mA,
V
O
= 0.842
V,
I
D1
= I
D2
= 0.482
mA
2.47 (a)
R
1
= 25
k
,
R
2
= 10
k
,
R
3
= 4.4
k
(b)
V
1
= 4.4
V,
V
2
=−0.6
V,
I
D1
= 0.5
mA,
I
D2
= 0.75
mA,
I
D3
= 0.75
mA
(c)
V
1
= 6.07
V,
V
2
=−0.6
V,
I
D1
= 1.11
mA,
I
D2
= 0
,
I
D3
= 0.65
mA
(d)
V
1
= 4.4
V,
V
2
= 1.27
V,
I
D1
= 0.833
mA,
I
D2
= 0.211
mA,
I
D3
= 0
2.49 (a)
I
D1
= 1.0
mA,
I
D2
= 6.0
mA,
V
A
= 2.30
V
(b)
I
D1
= 0
,
I
D2
= 5
mA,
V
A
= 8.2
V
(c)
I
D1
= 2.15
mA,
I
D2
= 7.15
mA,
R
2
= 0.60
k
2.51
v
O
= v
I
for
−4.65 ≤ v
I
≤ 4.65
V,
v
O
= 4.65
V for
v
I
≥ 4.65
V,
v
O
=−4.65
V for
v
I
≤−4.65
V
2.53 (a)
V
O
= 0, I
D1
= 0.86 mA
(b)
I
D1
= 0, V
O
=−3.57 V
2.55 (a)
I
D1
= 0.93 mA, V
O
=−15 V
(b)
I
D1
= 1.86 mA, V
O
=−15 V
2.57 (a)
I
D
= 0
,
V
D
= 0
,
V
A
= V
B
= 3
V
(b)
I
D
= 0.08
mA,
V
D
= 0.7
V,
V
A
= 1.4
V,
V
B
= 2.1
V
(c)
I
D
= 0
,
V
D
=−0.5
V,
V
A
= 2.5
V,
V
B
= 2.0
V
(d)
I
D
= 0.23
mA,
V
D
= 0.7
V,
V
A
= 2.15
V,
V
B
= 2.85
V
2.59 (a)
I
D1
= I
D2
= I
D3
= 0
,
v
O
= 0.5
V
(b)
I
D1
= 0.0667
mA,
I
D2
= I
D3
= 0
,
v
O
= 1.23
V
(c)
I
D1
= 0.171
mA,
I
D2
= 0.0615
mA,
I
D3
= 0,v
O
= 2.069
V
(d)
I
D1
= 0.275
mA,
I
D2
= 0.20
mA,
I
D3
= 0.05
mA,
v
O
= 2.90
V
2.61 (a)
V
O1
= V
O2
= 0
(b)
V
O1
= 4.4V, V
O2
= 3.8V
(c)
V
O1
= 4.4V, V
O2
= 3.8V
Logic 1 level degrades
2.63
(V
1
AND V
2
) OR (V
3
AND V
4
)
2.65
V
I
= 2.3V
2.67
V
PS
= 2.6
V
CHAPTER 3
3.1 (a) (i)
I
D
= 0
(ii)
I
D
= 82.5 μ
A
(iii)
I
D
= 0.2325
mA
(iv)
I
D
= 0.3825
mA
(b) (i)
I
D
= 0
(ii)
I
D
= 0.27
mA
(iii)
I
D
= 1.92
mA
(iv)
I
D
= 5.07
mA
3.3 (a) Enhancement-mode
(b)
V
TN
= 1.5V, K
n
∼
=
0.064 mA/V
2
(c)
i
D
(sat) = 0.256 mA
, for
v
GS
= 3.5V
i
D
(sat) = 0.576 mA
, for
v
GS
= 4.5V
3.5 (a) Saturation
(b) Nonsaturation
(c) Cutoff
3.7
W
L
= 5.79
nea80644_appE_1337-1358.qxd 8/6/09 10:09 AM Page 1339 pmath DATA-DISK:Desktop Folder:UDAYVEER/Neamen:
1340 Appendix E Answers to Selected Problems
3.9 (a)
K
n
= 1.40
mA/V
2
(b)
I
D
= 3.58
mA
(c)
V
DS
(sat) = 1.6
V
3.11
W = 3.22 μ
m
3.13
V
TP
=−0.571
V,
W
L
= 4.41
3.15 (a) Enhancement-mode
(b)
V
TP
∼
=
−0.5
V,
K
p
∼
=
0.20
mA/V
2
(c)
i
D
(sat) = 1.8
mA,
i
D
(sat) = 3.2
mA
3.17 (a)
I
D
= 0.21
mA
(b)
I
D
= 0.66
mA
(c)
I
D
= 0.81
mA
(d)
I
D
= 0.844
mA
(e)
I
D
= 0.844
mA
3.19
K
n
= K
p
= 41.3 μ
A/V
2
,
W
n
= 7.09 μ
m,
W
p
= 12.8 μ
m
3.21
λ = 0.00926
V
−1
,
V
A
= 108
V
3.23 (a)
I
D
= 0.739
mA
(b)
I
D
= 0.296
mA
3.25
t
ox
= 1200
Å
3.27 (a)
V
DS
= 1.88
V,
I
D
= 2.12
mA
(b)
V
DS
= 0.741
V,
I
D
= 1.42
mA
3.29 (a)
V
SD
= 1.90 V, I
D
= 1.33 mA
(b)
V
SD
= 0.698 V, I
D
= 1.08 mA
3.31
V
S
= 2.21 V, V
SD
= 5.21 V
3.33
W
L
= 20.8
,
R
1
= 360
k
,
R
2
= 450
k
3.35
V
GS
= 1.71
V,
I
D
= 2.58
mA,
V
DS
= 5.62
V
3.37 (a) (i)
V
GS
= 1.516 V
,
V
DS
= 6.516 V
(ii)
V
GS
= 2.61 V
,
V
DS
= 7.61 V
(b) (i)
V
GS
= V
DS
= 1.516 V
(ii)
V
GS
= V
DS
= 2.61 V
3.39 (a)
R
D
= 8k
,
R
S
= 4.38 k
(b) Let
R
D
= 8.2k
,
R
S
= 4.3k
Then
V
GS
= 2.82 V
,
I
D
= 0.504 mA
,
V
DS
= 3.70 V
(c) For
R
S
= 4.73 k
,
I
D
= 0.476 mA
For
R
S
= 3.87 k
,
I
D
= 0.548 mA
3.41
I
DQ
= 1.25 mA
,
R
2
= 59.4k
,
R
1
= 20.6k
3.43
R
D
= 0.8k
,
R
1
= 408 k
,
R
2
= 99.5k
3.45
W
L
1
= 2.78
3.47 (a)
W
L
1
= 2.31
,
W
L
2
= 1.59
,
W
L
3
= 3.69
(b) (i)
V
1
= 2.5
V,
V
2
= 6
V
(ii)
V
1
= 2.5
V,
V
2
= 6
V
(c)
V
1
= 2.469
V,
V
2
= 5.916
V
3.49
W
L
D
= 3.31
3.51
R
D
= 271
,
W
L
= 231
3.53 (a)
W
L
= 0.623
(b)
V
O
= 0.297
V
3.55 (a)
W
L
A
=
W
L
B
= 12.5
,
W
L
C
= 7.81
(b)
R
D
= 11
k
3.57
I
D
= I
DSS
3.59
V
P
= 3.97 V, I
DSS
= 5.0mA
3.61
V
TN
= 0.221 V, K
n
= 1.11
mA/V
2
3.63
V
GS
=−1.17 V
,
I
D
= 5.85 mA
,
V
DS
= 7.13 V
3.65
V
GS
= 0.838 V
,
V
SD
= 7.5V
,
R
1
= 109 k, R
2
= 1.21 M
3.67
V
G
= 6V, V
GS
=−1.30 V
,
I
D
= 3.65 mA, V
DS
= 2.85 V
3.69
I
D
= I
DSS
= 4mA
,
R
D
= 1.75 k
3.71
R
D
= 15 k, R
1
= 100 k
R
2
= 50 k
CHAPTER 4
4.1 (a) (i)
W
L
= 2.5
(ii)
V
GSQ
= 2.4
V
(b) (i)
W
L
= 8.33
(ii)
V
GSQ
= 1.0
V
4.3
λ = 0.0308 V
−1
, r
o
= 12.5k
4.5 (a)
λ = 0.01826
V
−1
,
r
o
= 225
k
(b)
I
D
= 0.2655
mA
4.7
I
D
= 0.25
mA,
r
o
= 400
k
4.9 (a)
W
L
= 6.02
(b)
W
L
= 10.4
4.13 (a)
I
DQ
= 0.270
mA,
V
DSQ
= 1.14
V
(b)
g
m
= 2.078
mA/V,
r
o
= 185
k
(c)
A
v
=−15.3
nea80644_appE_1337-1358.qxd 8/6/09 10:09 AM Page 1340 pmath DATA-DISK:Desktop Folder:UDAYVEER/Neamen:
Appendix E Answers to Selected Problems 1341
4.15 (a)
I
DQ
= 0.608
mA,
V
DSQ
= 1.96
V
(b)
A
v
=−2.44
(c)
R
L
= 12
k
4.17 (a) From Problem 4.16,
R
S
= 0.5
k
,
R
D
= 3
k
,
R
1
= 894
k
,
R
2
= 347
k
(b)
A
v
=−7.99
4.19 (a)
g
m
= 1
mA/V,
R
D
= 16
k
(b)
R
S
= 0.6
k
4.21 (a)
R
S
= 38.6
k
,
R
D
= 6.43
k
(b)
g
m
= 0.583
mA/V,
r
o
= 500
k
(c)
A
v
=−3.19
4.23 (a)
R
S
= 9
,
I
DQ
= 1.244
mA
(b)
A
v
=−3.10
4.25 (a)
R
S
= 7.76
k
,
R
D
= 10.2
k
(b)
A
v
=−1.50
4.27 (a)
I
Q
= 1.518
mA
(b)
A
v
=−11.8
(c)
A
v
=−8.29
4.29 Let
R
D
= 8
k
,
R
S
= 2
k
,
Then,
R
1
= 778
k
,
R
2
= 269
k
4.31
g
m
= 0.98
mA/V,
r
o
= 50
k
4.33 (a)
I
DQ
= 0.15
mA,
V
GSQ
= 0.594
V
(b)
A
v
= 0.938
(c)
R
o
= 605
4.35 (a)
I
Q
= 1
mA
(b)
W
L
= 19.6
(c)
A
v
= 0.990
(d)
R
o
= 223
4.37 (a) (i)
A
v
= 0.927
(ii)
R
o
= 219
(b) (i)
A
v
= 0.907
(ii)
R
o
= 349
4.39
R
S
= 1.2
k
,
A
v
= 0.878
,
R
o
= 91.9
4.41 Set
g
m
= 5
mA/V,
R
S
= 4.09
k
,
A
v
= 0.870
4.45
W
L
= 80
,
R
D
= 10
k
4.47
A
v
= 11.3
,
R
i
= 342
4.49 (a)
R
S
= 3.70
k
,
R
D
= 1.63
k
(b)
R
i
= 0.816
k
,
R
o
= 1.63
k
(c)
i
o
= 1.84 sin ω t (μ
A),
v
o
= 3.68 sin ω t
(mV)
4.51 (a)
R
D
= 0.554
k
(b)
g
m
= 5.657
mA/V,
R
i
= 177
(c)
A
v
= 2.75
4.53 (a)
W
L
D
= 25
,
V
GSDQ
= 0.825
V
(b)
I
DQ
= 0.0633
mA,
V
DSDQ
= V
O
= 1.575
V
4.55 (a)
r = 900
(b)
I
D
= 3.56
mA,
r = 337
4.57 (a)
V
GG
= 5.95 V
(c)
A
v
= 0.691
4.59 (a)
W
L
D
= 14.4
(b)
V
B
= 1.393
V
(c)
V
GSDQ
= 1.233
V
4.61
A
v
=−73.7
4.63 (a)
V
O
=
2
3
V
I
−
1
3
(0.4)
(b)
I
D
= 0.5
2
3
V
I
−0.533
2
(c)
A
v
= 0.667
4.65 (a)
V
GSDQ
= 1.307
V,
V
SGLQ
= 2.014
V,
V
DSDQ
= 2.593
V
(b)
A
v
=
K
n
K
p
(c)
A
v
= 2
4.67 (a)
g
m1
= g
m2
= 0.8944
mA/V,
r
o1
= r
o2
= 100
k
(b)
A
v
=−44
(c)
R
o
= 49.7
k
4.69 (a)
R
1
= 586
k
,
R
2
= 436
k
,
R
D1
= 20
k
,
R
S2
= 3.6
k
,
R
D2
= 2.4
k
(b)
A
v
= 13.6
4.71 (a)
I
DQ1
= 0.757
mA,
I
DQ2
= 0.757
mA,
V
DSQ1
= 12.4
V,
V
DSQ2
= 8.65
V
(b)
g
m1
= g
m2
= 3.48
mA/V
(c)
A
v
= 2.42
4.73 (a)
R
1
= 38.8
k
,
R
2
= 35
k
,
R
3
= 26.2
k
,
R
D
= 0.6
k
(b)
A
v
=−5.37
4.75
g
m
= 1.569
mA/V,
A
v
=−3.62
,
A
i
=−45.2
4.77 (a)
R
S
= 1.2
k
,
R
1
= 265
k
,
R
2
= 161
k
(b)
A
v
= 0.495
,
R
o
= 0.273
k
4.79
R
S
= 0.516
k
,
R
D
= 2.61
k
R
1
= 65
k
,
R
2
= 335
k
CHAPTER 5
5.1 (a)
β = 115
,
α = 0.9914
,
i
C
= 322 μ
A
(b)
β = 89
,
α = 0.9889
,
i
C
= 1.78
mA
5.3 (a)
0.99099 ≤ α ≤ 0.99448
(b)
5.50 ≤ I
C
≤ 9.0
mA
nea80644_appE_1337-1358.qxd 8/6/09 10:09 AM Page 1341 pmath DATA-DISK:Desktop Folder:UDAYVEER/Neamen:
1342 Appendix E Answers to Selected Problems
5.5 (a)
β = 9, 19, 49, 99, 199, 999
(b)
α = 0.9524, 0.9804, 0.9901,
0.9934, 0.9955, 0.9975
5.7
V
BE
= 0.6109
V,
I
C
= 0.7928
mA,
I
B
= 7.21 μ
A,
V
C
= 3.41
V
5.9 (a)
I
E
= 1.785
mA,
I
B
= 25 μ
A
(b)
V
EB
= 0.7154
V
5.11
I
EO1
= 6.94 ×10
−15
A,
I
EO2
= 1.69 ×10
−13
A, Ratio
= 24.4
5.13 (a)
I
C
= 0.622
mA
(b)
r
o
= 137
k
5.15
β = 60.6
5.17 (a)
I
C
= 1.836 mA, R
C
= 3.65 k
(b)
V
B
= 0.164 V, R
C
= 8.11 k
(c)
I
C
= 1.744 mA, V
CE
= 1.96 V
(d)
I
B
= 4.61 μA, V
C
= 1.49 V
5.19 (a)
V
BB
= 0.7091
V
(b)
V
BB
= 2.127
V
5.21 (a)
I
C
= 0.7273
mA,
V
EC
= 0.9
V
(b)
I
C
= 1.185
mA,
V
EC
= 0.2
V
(c)
I
C
= 0
,
V
EC
= 2
V
5.23 (a)
β = 134.4
,
α = 0.9926
,
I
C
= 0.269
mA,
V
CE
= 4.7
V
(b)
β = 10.63
,
α = 0.9140
5.25 (a)
I
E
= 0.245
mA,
I
C
= 0.242
mA,
β = 80.67
,
α = 0.9878
,
V
EC
= 1.73
V
(b)
V
E
= 0.8371
V,
V
EC
= 1.70
V
5.27
V
C
=−4.39
V,
V
E
= 1.68
V
5.29
I
E1
= I
E2
= 0.5
mA,
V
C1
= V
C2
= 3
V
5.31 (a)
R
C
= 18
k
,
R
B
= 2.656
M
(b)
I
CQ
= 0.375
mA,
V
CEQ
= 2.25
V
5.33 (a) (i)
V
O
= 3.33
V, (ii)
V
O
= 1.83
V,
(iii)
V
O
= 0.2
V
5.35 (a)
I
Q
= 0.2017
mA
(b)
I
Q
= 0.605
mA
(c)
I
Q
= 1.008
mA
5.37
I
E
= 2.075
mA,
I
C
= 2.06
mA,
V
BC
= 4.47
V
5.39
1.86 ≤ V
1
≤ 3.96
V
5.41
V
O
= V
T
ln
(
10
)
5.43
V
O
= 0
for
4.3 ≤ V
I
≤ 5
V,
V
O
= 4.8
V for
0 ≤ V
I
≤ 1.6
V
5.45
R
B
= 3.58
k
5.47
R
B
= 4.69
k
5.49
R
1
= 399
k
,
R
2
= 401
k
,
V
CEQ
= 1.30
V
5.51
I
EQ
= 4.62
mA,
V
B
= 4.68
V
5.53 (a)
I
BQ
= 10.98 μ
A,
I
CQ
= 0.8782
mA,
V
CEQ
= 3.50
V
(b) For
I
CQ
:
+7.21%
; for
V
CEQ
:
−11.2%
5.55 (a)
R
TH
= 1.714
k
,
V
TH
=−3.571
V
(b)
I
CQ
= 1.41
mA,
V
CEQ
= 2.32
V
(d)
1.332 ≤ I
CQ
≤ 1.467
mA
1.59 ≤ V
CEQ
≤ 2.97
V
5.57 (a)
I
CQ
= 0.0888
mA,
V
CEQ
= 3.55
V
(b)
I
CQ
= 0.266
mA,
V
CEQ
= 3.56
V
5.59 (a)
R
1
= 44.1
k
,
R
2
= 5.70
k
,
R
C
= 5.75
k
(b)
6.75%
(c)
R
1
= 63.6
k
,
R
2
= 12.0
k
,
6.63%
5.61
I
CQ
= 2.73
mA,
V
CEQ
= 6
V,
R
1
= 23.2
k
,
R
2
= 2.83
k
5.63 (a) Let
R
E
= 0.333
k
,
R
C
= 2
k
,
R
1
= 22.3
k
,
R
2
= 3.96
k
(b)
2.90 ≤ I
CQ
≤ 3.10
mA
5.65
R
E
= 0.496
k
,
R
1
= 32.3
k
,
R
2
= 7.37
k
5.67
R
E
= 4.92
k
,
R
1
= 72.5
k
,
R
2
= 51.2
k
5.69
R
1
= 152
k
,
R
2
= 37.8
k
5.71 Let
R
E
= 10
k
,
R
C
= 14
k
,
R
1
= 70.0
k
,
R
2
= 474
k
5.73 (a)
R
TH
= 54.7
k
,
V
TH
=−3.03
V
(b)
I
CQ
= 0.227
mA,
V
CEQ
= 7.51
V
5.75 (a)
R
E
= 19.8
k
,
R
C
= 80
k
,
R
1
= 573
k
,
R
2
= 123
k
(b)
I
CQ
= 0.0514
mA,
V
CEQ
= 4.86
V
5.77 (a)
R
E
= 7
k
,
R
C
= 23
k
,
R
1
= 103
k
,
R
2
= 316
k
(b)
I
CQ
= 0.1027
mA,
V
ECQ
= 2.914
V
5.79
I
B1
= 0.0144
mA,
I
C1
= 1.73
mA,
I
E1
= 1.75
mA,
I
B2
= 0.0232
mA,
I
C2
= 2.785
mA,
I
E2
= 2.808
mA,
V
CEQ1
= 2.99
V,
V
CEQ2
= 5.96
V
5.81
R
1
= 130
k
,
R
2
= 60
k
,
R
3
= 60
k
,
R
E
= 2.5
k
,
R
C
= 10.5
k
5.83
R
E1
= 2.93 k, R
E2
= 4.25 k,
R
C1
= 5.21 k, R
C2
= 3.21 k
CHAPTER 6
6.1 (a) (i)
g
m
= 19.23
mA/V,
r
π
= 9.36
k
,
r
o
= 300
k
(ii)
g
m
= 76.92
mA/V,
r
π
= 2.34
k
,
r
o
= 75
k
(b) (i)
g
m
= 9.615
mA/V,
r
π
= 8.32
k
,
r
o
= 400
k
nea80644_appE_1337-1358.qxd 8/6/09 10:09 AM Page 1342 pmath DATA-DISK:Desktop Folder:UDAYVEER/Neamen:
Appendix E Answers to Selected Problems 1343
(ii)
g
m
= 3.077
mA/V,
r
π
= 26
k
,
r
o
= 1250
k
6.3
30.77 ≤ g
m
≤ 46.15
mA/V,
1.95 ≤ r
π
≤ 5.85
k
6.5 (a)
g
m
= 16.78
mA/V,
r
π
= 7.15
k
,
r
o
= 183
k
(b)
A
v
=−4.0
(c)
v
s
(t) =−0.125 sin(100t)
(V)
6.7 (a)
R
i
= 56.24
k
(b)
R
i
= 5.87
k
(c)
R
i
= 6.24
k
6.9
i
B
(t) = 15 +2.89 sin ω t(μA)
i
C
(t) = 1.5 +0.289 sin ω t(mA)
v
C
(t) = 4 −1.156 sin ω t(V)
A
v
=−231
6.11
v
be
(
t
)
=−12 sin ω t
(mV)
i
b
(
t
)
=−6 sin ω t(μ
A)
6.13 (a)
I
CQ
= 0.506
mA,
V
ECQ
= 1.78
V
(b)
A
v
=−1.884
(c)
1.871 ≤
|
A
v
|
≤ 1.895
6.15
R
E
= 16.4
k
,
R
C
= 11.3
k
,
A
v
=−55.1
,
R
i
= 14.5
k
6.17 (a) (i)
R
B
= 20.25
k
,
R
C
= 2.53
k
(ii)
G
f
=−11.63
mA/V
(b) (i)
R
B
= 30.3
k
,
R
C
= 2.52
k
(ii)
G
f
=−11.62
mA/V
6.19 (a) (i)
A
v
=−26.97
,
G
f
=−5.39
mA/V
(ii)
v
o
(t) =−0.108 sin ω t
(V)
i
o
(t) =−21.6 sin ωt
(
μ
A)
(b) (i)
A
v
=−30.5, G
f
=−6.1
mA/V
(ii)
v
o
(t) =−0.122 sin ω t
(V)
i
o
(t) =−24.4 sin ωt
(
μ
A)
6.21 (a)
V
B
=−0.0347
V,
V
E
=−0.735
V
(b)
R
C
= 6.43
k
(c)
A
v
=−81.7
(d)
A
v
=−74.9
6.23 (a)
R
E
= 11.0
k
(b)
R
C
= 3.71
k
(c)
A
v
=−43.9
(d)
R
i
= 4.81
k
6.27
r
e
= r
π
1
g
m
r
0
6.29 For Figure 6.28,
Let
R
E
= 0.5
k
,
R
C
= 12.7
k
,
R
1
= 555
k
,
R
2
= 55
k
6.31 Let
R
E
= 2
k
,
R
C
= 15.1
k
,
R
1
= 164
k
,
R
2
= 28.4
k
6.33 3.24 V, peak-to-peak
6.35
i
o
= 0.546
mA, peak-to-peak
6.37
R
1
= 34.9
k
,
R
2
= 18.6
k
6.39 (a) 2.59 V, peak-to-peak
(b)
i
C
= 1.294
mA, peak-to-peak
6.41 (a)
R
E
= 0.586
k
,
I
CQ
= 0.832
mA
(b)
R
o
= 29.3
6.43 (a)
I
Q
= 2.37
mA
(b)
A
v
= 0.9993
6.45 (a)
I
CQ
= 2.09
mA,
V
CEQ
= 3.69
V
(c)
A
v
= 0.484
(d)
R
ib
= 122
k
,
R
o
= 32.4
6.47 (a)
V
B
= 0.0617
V,
V
E
= 0.7617
V
(b)
g
m
= 19
mA/V,
r
π
= 4.21
k
,
r
o
= 304
k
(c)
A
v
= 0.906
,
A
i
= 14.8
(d)
A
v
= 0.728
,
A
i
= 14.8
6.49 (a)
I
CQ
= 1.29
mA,
V
ECQ
= 5.7
V
(b)
A
v
= 0.974
,
R
ib
= 85.7
k
,
R
o
= 19.8
(c)
i
s
(t) = 32.7 sin ωt(μ
A)
i
o
(t) = 2.73 sin ωt
(mA)
v
o
(t) = 2.73 sin ωt
(V)
v
eb
(t) =−72.5 sin ωt
(mV)
6.51
0.789 ≤ A
v
≤ 0.811
17.0 ≤ A
i
≤ 19.6
6.53
0.9066 ≤ A
v
≤ 0.9999
6.55
R
1
= 318
k
,
R
2
= 886
k
6.57 Let
R
E
= 33.3
k
,
R
1
= 594
k
,
R
2
= 981
k
,
v
o
(min) = 3.73 sin ω t
(V),
v
o
(max) = 3.86 sin ω t
(V)
6.59 (a)
A
v
= 76.9
(b)
A
i
= 0.9917
(c)
R
i
= 25.8
(d)
R
o
= R
C
= 2
k
6.61 (a)
A
v
= 3.77
(b)
A
i
= 0.991
(c)
R
i
= 1.052
k
(d)
R
o
= R
C
= 4
k
6.63 (a)
I
CQ
= 0.921
mA,
V
ECQ
= 6.10
V
(b)
A
v
= 161
6.65 (a)
V
CEQ
= 3.72 V
(b)
A
v
= 63.6
6.67 (a)
I
CQ
= 0.4663
mA,
V
CEQ
= 4.79
V
(b)
R
m
= 2.12
V/mA
(c)
A
v
= 6.73
6.69 (a)
I
CQ
= 0.984
mA,
V
CEQ
= 2.34
V
(b)
A
v
= 25.4
nea80644_appE_1337-1358.qxd 8/6/09 10:09 AM Page 1343 pmath DATA-DISK:Desktop Folder:UDAYVEER/Neamen:
1344 Appendix E Answers to Selected Problems
6.71 (a)
I
CQ
= 1.91
mA,
V
ECQ
= 13.3
V
(b)
2.70 ≤ A
v
≤ 2.71
(c)
0.0302 ≤ R
i
≤ 0.0305
k
R
o
= R
C
= 6.5
k
6.73 (a)
A
v1
= 0.4927
(b)
A
v2
= 153.8
(c)
A
v
= 75.8
6.75 (a)
g
m1
= 42.74
mA/V,
r
π1
= 2.34
k
,
g
m2
= 48.65
mA/V,
r
π2
= 2.06
k
,
r
o1
= r
o2
=∞
(b)
A
v1
=−85.48
,
A
v2
=−97.3
(c)
A
v
= 3909
,
A
v
= A
v1
· A
v
2
= 8317
6.77 (a)
I
C1
= 2.253
mA,
I
C2
= 69.73
(b)
A
v
= 0.990
(c)
R
ib
= 467.6
k
,
R
o
= 0.512
6.79 (a)
R
o
= 30.77
k
(b)
R
o
= 31.38
k
(c)
R
o
= 19.17
k
6.81 (a)
¯
P
Q
= 2.564
mW,
¯
P
RC
= 3.123
mW,
¯
P
RE
= 3.175
mW
(b)
¯
P
RC
= 0.721
mW
6.83 (a)
¯
P
RL
= 0.286
mW,
(b)
¯
P
RL
= 0.499
mW
CHAPTER 7
7.1 (a)
T(s) =
1
1 + sR
1
C
1
(b)
f
H
= 159 Hz
(c)
v
O
(t) = 1 −exp
−t
R
1
C
1
7.3 (a)
T(s) =
R
2
R
1
+ R
2
·
1
1 + s(R
1
R
2
)C
1
(b)
τ = 66.7
ms
(c)
f = 2.39
Hz
7.5 (a)
V
o
V
i
=
R
2
R
1
+ R
2
= 0.667
(b)
V
o
V
i
= 1
(c)
T (s) =
R
2
R
1
+ R
2
·
[
1 + sR
1
C
1
]
[
1 + s(R
1
R
2
)C
1
]
K =
R
2
R
1
+ R
2
,
τ
A
= R
1
C
1
,
τ
B
= (R
1
R
2
)C
1
7.7 (a)
|
T ( f
T
)
|
dB
=−9.03
dB,
φ =−135
◦
(b) Slope
=−18
dB/octave
=
−60
dB/decade,
φ =−270
◦
7.9 (a) (ii)
ω
1
= 1
rad/s,
ω
2
= 10
rad/s,
ω
3
= 100
rad/s,
ω
4
= 1000
rad/s
(iii)
|
T (0)
|
= 10
(iv)
|
T (∞)
|
= 10
(b) (ii)
ω = 5
rad/s
(iii)
|
T (0)
|
= 0
(iv)
|
T (∞)
|
= 200
7.11 (a)
|
T
|
midband
= 159
(b)
τ
S
= 5.31
ms,
τ
P
= 0.332 μ
s
(c)
C
C
= 0.932 μ
F,
C
L
= 55.3
pF
7.15 (a)
R
C
= 2.49 k
(b)
I
CQ
= 0.503
mA
(c)
|
A
v
|
max
= 48.1
7.17 (a)
f
L
= 959 Hz
(b)
|
A
v
|
= 6.69
7.19 (a)
R
S
= 2.59 k, R
D
= 4.41 k
(b)
T (s) =
I
o
(s)
V
i
(s)
=
−g
m
R
D
(1 + g
m
R
S
)(R
D
+ R
L
)
×
s(R
D
+ R
L
)C
C
1 + s(R
D
+ R
L
)C
C
τ = (R
D
+ R
L
)C
C
(c)
C
C
= 1.89 μF
7.21 (a)
R
1
= 79.6
k
,
R
2
= 124
k
(b)
A
v
= 0.991
(c)
R
o
= 17.25
(d)
f
L
= 19.8
Hz
7.23 (a)
T (s) =
g
m
(R
D
R
L
)
1 + g
m
R
S
·
1
1 + s
1
g
m
R
S
C
i
·
s(R
D
+ R
L
)C
C
1 + s(R
D
+ R
L
)C
C
(b)
τ =
1
g
m
R
S
C
i
(c)
τ =
(
R
L
+ R
D
)
C
C
7.25 (a)
f
H
= 8.30 MHz
(b)
f = 82.6 MHz
nea80644_appE_1337-1358.qxd 8/6/09 10:09 AM Page 1344 pmath DATA-DISK:Desktop Folder:UDAYVEER/Neamen:
Appendix E Answers to Selected Problems 1345
7.27 Let
I
DQ
= 0.2
mA,
V
DSQ
= 5
V,
V
TN
= 0.5
V
R
D
= 20
k
,
W
L
= 6.25
,
R
1
= 192.5
k
,
R
2
= 32.5
k
,
C
C
= 0.0284 μ
F,
C
L
= 2.65
nF
7.29 (a)
R
E
= 6
k
,
R
B
= 532
k
(b)
C
C
= 0.0257 μ
F
(c)
A
v
= 0.983
7.31 (a)
C
C1
= 12 μ
F, (b)
C
C2
= 0.050
F
7.33 (a)
R
S
= 6.4k, R
D
= 5.6k
(b)
f
A
= 4.97 Hz, f
B
= 36.8Hz
(c)
f
A
→ 0, f
B
= 31.8Hz
7.35 (a) Same expression as Equation (7.59)
with
R
S
= 0
.
(b)
τ
A
= R
E
C
E
τ
B
=
r
π
R
E
C
E
r
π
+(1 +β)R
E
7.37 (a)
A
v
= 118
(b)
f = 15.9
MHz
7.39
C
L
= 121
pF
7.41 (a)
A
v
(s) =−g
m
(R
D
R
L
)
·
1
1 + s(R
D
R
L
)C
L
(b)
τ = (R
D
R
L
)C
L
(c)
τ = 6.67 ×10
−8
s,
f
H
= 2.39
MHz,
A
v
=−4.7
7.45
g
m
= 9.615
mA/V,
f
β
= 33.3
MHz,
C
π
= 0.303
pF
7.47 (a)
f
β
= 4.5
MHz,
C
π
= 1.87
pF
(b)
f
T
= 2.16
GHz,
f
β
= 18.0
MHz
7.49 (a)
Z
i
= 2700 − j3.33
(b)
Z
i
= 2700 − j33.3
(c)
Z
i
= 2656 − j327
(d)
Z
i
= 1100 − j1200
7.51
f = 307
kHz
7.53
f
L
= 159
Hz,
f
H
= 489
kHz
7.55
f
T
= 1.84
GHz
7.57 (a)
f
T
= 1.25
GHz
(b)
f
T
= 3.05
GHz
(c)
I
D
= 290 μ
A
(d)
C
gs
= 70
fF
7.59 (a)
C
M
= 344.3
fF
(b)
f
3-dB
= 37.5
MHz
7.61 (a)
r
s
= 43.5
(b)
g
m
g
m
= 94.5%
7.63 (b)
C
M
= 96.28
fF
(c)
f
3-dB
= 1.095
GHz,
A
v
=−10.96
7.65 (a)
C
π
= 2.20 pF, C
M
= 27.6pF
(b)
f
H
= 3.61 MHz
,
A
v
=−19.7
7.67 (a)
C
M
= 6.785 pF
(b)
f
H
= 4.84 MHz
,
A
v
=−5.67
7.69 (a)
f
H
=−10.4
MHz
(b)
C
M
= 18.2
pF
(c)
A
v
=−4.66
7.71 (a)
f
Pπ
= 1.20
GHz,
f
Pμ
= 56.3
MHz
(b)
A
v
= 2.76
(c)
f = 3.75
MHz,
C
L
dominates
7.73
f = 119
MHz,
A
v
= 1.19
CHAPTER 8
8.1 (b) (i)
R
D
= 6
,
P
D,max
= 24
W
(ii)
R
D
= 13.3
,
P
D,max
= 30
W
(c) (i)
I
D,max
= 4
A
(ii)
I
D,max
= 3
A
8.3 (a)
R
L
= 25
,
R
B
= 3.91
k
,
P
Q,max
= 9
W
(b)
I
C,max
= 0.8944
A,
V
CC
= 22.36 V
(c) For (a):
¯
P
L
= 4.5
W
For (b):
¯
P
L
= 2.5
W
8.5 (b)
V
GG
= 5V, P = 9.375 W
;
V
GG
= 6V, P = 30 W
;
V
GG
= 7V, P = 39.375 W
;
V
GG
= 8V, P = 10.8W
;
V
GG
= 9V, P = 7.16 W
8.7 (b)
T
j,max
= 145
◦
C
(c)
θ
dev−amb
= 2
◦
C/W
8.9 (a)
P
T
= 19.39
W
(b)
T
case
= 90.9
◦
C,
T
snk
= 79.3
◦
C
8.11 (a)
P
T
= 13.4
W
(b)
V
CE,max
= 8.96
V
8.13 (b) (i)
I
C
= 29.25
mA
(ii)
I
C
= 61.75
mA
(iii)
I
C
= 108
mA
8.15 (a)
A
v
= 0.9928
(b)
A
v
= 0.9872
(c)
A
v
= 0.939
8.17
v
O
(
min
)
=−3.93
V,
v
I
(
min
)
=−3.43
V;
v
O
(
max
)
= 4.43
V,
v
I
(
max
)
= 5.76
V
8.19 (a)
I
Q
= 0.12
A,
R = 187
(b)
P
Q1
= 2.88
W,
P = 5.88
W
(c)
η = 11.4%
nea80644_appE_1337-1358.qxd 8/6/09 10:09 AM Page 1345 pmath DATA-DISK:Desktop Folder:UDAYVEER/Neamen:
1346 Appendix E Answers to Selected Problems
8.23 (a)
V
+
=−V
−
= 52
V
(b)
I
P
= 2.04
A
(c)
η = 74%
8.25 (b) (i)
A
v
= 0
(ii)
A
v
= 0.472
(iii)
A
v
= 0.739
8.27 (a) (i)
V
BB
= 4
V
(ii)
P = 12
mW
(b) (i)
v
O
(
max
)
= 10.39
V
(ii)
i
Dn
= 10.39
mA,
i
Dp
= 0
,
i
L
= 10.39
mA,
v
I
= 11.5
V
(iii)
P
RL
= 108
mW,
P
Mn
= 16.7
mW,
P
Mp
= 0
8.29 (a)
K
n3
= K
p4
= 200 μ
A/V
2
(b) (i)
A
v
= 0
; (ii)
A
v
= 0.876
8.31 (a)
I
CQ
= 50.57
mA
(b)
R
L
= 237
(c)
¯
P
L,max
= 255
mW
(d)
η = 42%
8.33 (a)
I
CQ
= 98.91
mA
(b)
a = 3.89
(c)
¯
P
L
= 333.9
mW
(d)
η = 28.1%
8.35 (a)
v
e
v
i
=
(1 + β)R
E
r
π
+(1 +β)R
E
v
o
v
i
=
1
(n
1
/n
2
)
·
(
1 + β
)
R
E
r
π
+(1 +β)R
E
where
R
E
=
n
1
n
2
2
R
L
(b)
a
2
=
V
CC
5
(c)
R
o
= 0.255
8.37 (a)
a = 2.86
(b)
P
Q
= 4.95
W
8.39 (a)
V
BB
= 1.473
V
(b)
I
CQ
= 14
mA
8.41 (a)
V
BB
= 1.4845
V
(b)
v
BEn
= 0.75124
V,
v
EBp
= 0.73322
V
(c)
i
Cn
= i
Cp
= 2.828
mA
(d)
v
I
=−0.73322
V
8.43 (a) For
v
O
(max) = 4V
,
R
1
= R
2
= 32.5
(b)
I
E1
= I
E2
= 0.286 A
,
I
E3
= I
E4
= 2.86 A
(c)
R
o
= 5.34 m
8.45 (b)
R
1
= R
2
= 4
k
(c)
I
DQ1
= I
DQ2
= 2
mA
(d)
I
Dn3
= 23.33
mA,
I
Dp1
= 0.835
mA,
I
Dn2
= 3.188
mA,
I
Dp4
= 0
,
¯
P
L
= 81.7
mW
8.47
R
o
= 7.46
8.49 (a)
V
BB
= 1.742 V, I
C1
∼
=
10
mA,
I
C2
= 0.20
A,
I
C3
∼
=
0.5
mA,
V
BE1
= 0.58065
V,
V
BE2
= 0.6585
V
V
EB3
= 0.50276
V
(b)
i
C1
= 4.47
mA,
i
C2
= 93.9
mA,
i
C3
= 2.267
mA,
i
C4
= 45.3
mA,
i
C5
= 0.952
A,
P
Q2
= 4.13
W,
P
Q5
= 13.3
W
CHAPTER 9
9.1 (a)
A
od
= 500
, (b)
v
2
= 3mV
,
(c)
v
1
= 0.990 V
, (d)
v
o
= 0
,
(e)
v
2
=−0.506 V
9.3 (a)
v
O
=−5
V
(b)
v
1
= 3.00265
V
(c)
A
od
= 9 ×10
4
9.5 (a)
A
v
=−10
(b)
A
v
=−3
(c)
A
v
=−1
9.7 (a)
A
v
=−10
,
R
i
= 10
k
(b)
A
v
=−5
,
R
i
= 10
k
(c)
A
v
=−5
,
R
i
= 20
k
9.9 (a)
−10
, (b)
−1
, (c)
−0.20
,
(d)
−10
, (e)
−2
, (f)
−1
9.11 (a)
R
1
= 5
k
,
R
2
= 32.5
k
(b)
v
I
= 0.6154
V,
i
1
= i
2
= 0.123
mA
9.13 (a)
−9.5%
to
+10.5%
(b)
±2%
9.15
R
1
= 18.5
k
,
R
2
= 599.6
k
0.731 ≤
|
v
O
|
≤ 0.769
V
9.17
R
1
= 10
k
,
R
2
= 100
k
,
R
3
= 10
k
,
R
4
= 100
k
9.19 (a)
v
O
= 8.8
V
(b)
v
O
= 8.7597
V
(c)
A
od
= 1.1477 ×10
4
9.21 (a)
v
I
=−0.7011
V,
v
1
=−1
mV
(b)
A
od
= 2.5 ×10
4
,
v
I
= 0.50022
V
9.23 (a)
R
1
= 500
k
,
R
2
= R
3
= 500
k
,
R
4
= 6.41
k
(b)
i
1
= i
2
=−0.1 μ
A,
i
4
=−7.80 μ
A,
i
3
=−7.90 μ
A
9.25 For Figure P9.25,
A
v
=−8
;
For Figure 9.12,
A
v
=−3
nea80644_appE_1337-1358.qxd 8/6/09 10:09 AM Page 1346 pmath DATA-DISK:Desktop Folder:UDAYVEER/Neamen:
Appendix E Answers to Selected Problems 1347
9.27 (a) (i)
v
O
= 0.79936
V
(ii)
0.08%
(b) (i)
v
O
= 0.79208
V
(ii)
0.99%
9.29
R
2
= 111
k
9.31 (a)
R
1
= 83.3
k
,
R
2
= 40
k
,
R
3
= 400
k
,
R
F
= 250
k
(b)
|
i
F
|
= 0.75 μ
A
9.33
v
O
=
[
−0.707 sin
(
2πft
)
±2
]
(V)
9.35 (a)
R
1
= 250
k
,
R
2
= 31.25
k
,
R
3
= 62.5
k
,
R
F
= 125
k
(b)
−3 ≤ v
O
≤+3
V,
|
i
F
|
max
= 24 μ
A
9.37 (b)
R
F
= 10
k
(c) (i)
v
O
= 0.3125
V, (ii)
v
O
= 4.6875
V
9.41 (a)
R
1
= 4.17
k
,
R
2
= 58.33
k
(b)
v
O
= 3.75
V,
i
1
= i
2
= 60 μ
A
9.43 (a)
A
od
= 250.5
(b)
v
O
= 49.9
V
9.45 (a)
v
O
=
6
7
·v
I1
+
3
7
·v
I2
(b)
v
O
= 0.3
V
(c)
v
O
= 42.86
mV
9.47 (a)
A
v
=
1
1 − x
(b)
1 ≤ A
v
≤∞
(c)
x = 1
9.49 (a)
A
v
= 1
(b)
A
v
= 0.999993
(c)
A
od
= 99
9.51 (a)
A
v1
=
1 +
R
2
R
1
,
A
v
2
=
−
1 +
R
2
R
1
(b)
v
O1
=−2
V,
v
O2
= 2
V
(c)
(
v
O1
−v
O2
)
= 6.4
V
9.53 (a) (i)
v
O
= 1
V
(ii)
v
O
= 1 .67
V
(b) (i)
v
O
= 1
V
(ii)
v
O
= 1 .67
V
(c) (i)
v
O
= 0.667
V
(ii)
v
O
=−1.111
V
9.55 From Figure P9.54, let
R
F
= 1
k
9.57 (a)
R
2
= 1
k
, Let
R
3
= 1
k
,
R
1
= R
F
= 10
k
(b)
i
1
= i
2
=−0.6
mA,
v
O
= 7
V,
i
3
= 6
mA,
i
4
= 1
mA,
i
O
= 6.6
mA
9.59 (b)
R
o
=∞
9.61 (a)
R
2
= R
4
= 250
k
,
R
1
= R
3
= 6.25
k
(b)
R
2
= R
4
= 250
k
,
R
1
= R
3
= 10
k
(c)
R
2
= R
4
= 250
k
,
R
1
= R
3
= 50
k
(d)
R
2
= R
4
= 125
k
,
R
1
= R
3
= 250
k
9.63 (a)
v
O
=−4
V,
v
X
= v
Y
= 1.273
V,
i
1
= i
2
= 0.0527
mA,
i
3
= i
4
= 0.0127
mA
(b)
v
O
= 4
V,
v
X
= v
Y
= 3.273
V,
i
1
= i
2
=−0.00727
mA,
i
3
= i
4
= 0.0327
mA
(c)
v
O
=−1.5
V,
v
X
= v
Y
=−1.227
V,
i
1
= i
2
= 0.00273
mA,
i
3
= i
4
=−0.0123
mA
9.65 (b)
A
cm
= 0.3
(c)
|
A
cm
|
max
= 0.0325
9.67 (a)
v
O1
= 1.2 −0.72 sin ω t
(V)
v
O2
= 1.2 +0.72 sin ω t
(V)
v
O
= 4.32 sin ω t
(V)
(b)
v
O1
=−0.85 + 0.45 sin ω t
(V)
v
O2
=−0.40 − 0.45 sin ω t
(V)
v
O
= 1.35 −2.7 sin ω t
(V)
9.69 (a)
i
O
=
v
I1
−v
I2
R
(b)
R = 100
(c)
v
O1
= 5.25
V,
v
O2
=−0.25
V
(d)
i
O
=−1
mA,
v
O1
=−1.75
V,
v
O2
= 1.75
V
9.71
R
1
(
fixed
)
= 1
k
,
R
2
= 39.5
k
,
R
1
(
var
)
= 78
k
9.73 (a)
f = 398
Hz, phase
= 90
◦
(b) (i)
f = 66.3
Hz, (ii)
f = 663
Hz
9.75 (b)
A
v
(
0
)
=−
R
2
R
1
(c)
f =
1
2π R
2
C
2
9.77 (b)
A
v
(
∞
)
=−
R
2
R
1
(c)
f =
1
2π R
1
C
1
9.79
i
2
= 1.52
mA,
v
O
=−1.52
V,
i
z
= 0
9.83 From Figure 9.40,
R
F
= 500
k
,
R
1
= 50
k
,
R
2
= 500
k
,
R
A
= 500
k
,
R
B
= 333.3
k
,
R
C
= 142.8
k
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