Basic BJT differential pair—(Cont.)
differential-mode voltage gain with emitter
degeneration, 777–778
g
m
mismatch, 770
one-sided output, 763–765
R
c
mismatch, 769–770
small-signal equivalent circuit analysis,
762–765
two-sided output, 761, 769–770
Basic BJT differential-pair configuration, 755
Basic common-base circuit, 431
Basic common-emitter amplifier circuit, 399–400
Basic common-emitter differential pair, 952
Basic common-source configuration, 217–222
Basic complementary push-pull output stage, 577
Basic differential amplifier circuit, 1256
Basic diode-transistor logic gate, 1277–1279
Basic DTL NAND circuit operation, 1277–1279
Basic ECL logic gate, 1258–1259
Basic feedback concepts, 853–862
Basic FET amplifier, 205–284
common-drain amplifier, 227–233, 238
common-gate amplifier, 234–237, 238
common-source amplifier, 216–226
design application (two-stage amplifier),
264–266
JFET amplifier, 258–263
MOSFET amplifier, 206–216
multistage amplifier, 254–258
single-stage IC amplifier. See Single-stage
integrated circuit MOSFET amplifier
source-follower amplifier, 227–233, 238
Basic FET differential pair, 779–790
dc transfer characteristics, 779–784
differential-/common-mode input
impedances, 784
g
m
mismatch, 788
JFET differential amplifier, 788–789
R
D
mismatch, 787–788
small-signal equivalent circuit analysis,
784–787
two-sided output, 787–788
Basic inverting Schmitt trigger, 1087–1090
Basic MOSFET differential pair configuration, 779
Basic random access memory architecture, 1210
Basic series-pass voltage regulator, 84, 1116
Basic three-transistor current source, 693–696
Basic transistor applications, 323–330
Basic TTL gate, 1280
Basic TTL NAND circuit, 1282–1284
Basic two-input ECL OR/NOR logic circuit, 1258
Basic two-transistor current source, 688
Basic two-transistor MOSFET current source
current relationship, 707–708
output resistance, 708–709
reference current, 709–710
Basic two-transistor NMOS current source, 707
Battery charger, 70
Beta cutoff frequency, 505
Bias
bipolar transistor biasing. See Bipolar transistor
biasing
BJT. See Bipolar transistor biasing
constant-current, 170–175
constant-current biasing, 170–175
diode biasing, 592–594
forward, 27
IC. See Integrated circuit biasing and active
loads
integrated circuit biasing, 342–343
linear amplifying device, 688
positive and negative biasing, 339–341
reverse, 25
single base resistor biasing, 331–333
V
BE
multiplier, 594–596
voltage divider biasing, 333–339
Bias current compensation, 1043–1044
Bias current effects, 1042–1043
Bias-independent current source, 715–716
Bias-independent MOSFET current mirror, 715
Bias resistor, 590
Bias stable, 336
Bibliography. See Reading list
BiCMOS circuits, 801–805
basic amplifier stages, 801–803
BiCMOS diff-amp, 804, 805
current sources, 803–804
BiCMOS Darlington pair configuration, 802
BiCMOS diff-amp, 804, 805
BiCMOS digital circuits, 1296–1298
BiCMOS double cascode constant-current source,
803
BiCMOS folded cascode amplifier, 982
BiCMOS folded cascode op-amp, 982–983
BiCMOS inverter, 1296–1297
BiCMOS logic circuit, 1297–1298
BiCMOS operational amplifier circuits, 981–989
BiCMOS folded cascode op-amp, 982–983
CA3140 BiCMOS circuit description, 983–984
CA3140 dc analysis, 984–986
CA3140 small-signal analysis, 986–989
BiCMOS technology, 801
Bipolar ac analysis, 384
Bipolar cascode constant-current source, 803
Bipolar cascode current mirror, 696
Bipolar class-AB output stage, 582
Bipolar common-emitter circuit, 719
Bipolar Darlington pair configuration, 802
Bipolar digital circuits, 1255–1314
BiCMOS digital circuits, 1296–1298
design application (static ECL gate),
1298–1299
ECL. See Emitter-coupled logic (ECL)
modified ECL circuit configurations,
1267–1276
Schottky TTL. See Schottky transistor-
transistor logic
TTL. See Transistor-transistor logic
Bipolar fuse-linked user-programmable ROM,
1223
Bipolar inverter circuit, 326
Bipolar junction transistor (BJT), 285–367
amplifier, 327–330. See Basic BJT amplifier
asymmetry, 287
basic applications, 323–330
basic transistor principle, 286
bias. See Bipolar transistor biasing
breakdown voltage, 299–301
circuit symptoms/conventions, 293–295
common-emitter circuit, 302–306
common used bipolar circuits, 313–322
cross section, 287
current-voltage characteristics, 295–297
current-voltage relationship, 294
dc analysis, 301–322
design application (diode thermometer with
bipolar transistor), 348–350
digital logic, 325–327
doped region, 286
frequency response, 502–514
leakage currents, 298–299
load line, 306–307
modes of operation, 307–310, 350
multistage circuits, 344–348
npn transistor. See npn bipolar transistor
pn junction, 286
pnp transistor, 292–293
power, 561–565
simple geometry, 286
small-signal two-port network, as, 378
switch, 323–325
voltage transfer characteristics, 310–313
Bipolar linear amplifier, 371–396
ac equivalent circuit, 377–378
alternative form of equivalent circuit, 380
base-emitter loop, 377
bipolar transistor inverter circuit, 371
collector-emitter loop, 377
common-emitter current gain, 381
data sheet, 393–396
graphical analysis, 372–378
h-parameters, 390–392
harmonic distortion, 375–376
hybrid-π equivalent circuit, 380
hybrid-π equivalent circuit (Early effect),
385–389
input base-emitter port, 378–379
other small-signal parameters/equivalent
circuits, 390–396
small signal, 374–375
small-signal hybrid-π equivalent circuit,
378–381
small-signal voltage gain, 381–384
T-model, 396
Bipolar NOR logic circuit response, 326
Bipolar NOR logic gate, 326
Bipolar operational amplifier circuit, 812, 950–970
bias circuit and input stage, 954–956
circuit description, 950–953
dc analysis, 953–960
frequency response, 968–969
gain stage, 952–953, 956–957, 963–966
input diff-amp, 951–952
input stage, 961–963
output resistance, 966–968
output stage, 953, 958–960
overall gain, 966
short-circuit protection circuitry, 960
small-signal analysis, 961–968
Bipolar transistor biasing, 330
bias stability, 333–339
integrated circuit biasing, 342–343
positive and negative biasing, 339–341
single base resistor biasing, 331–333
voltage divider biasing, 333–339
Bipolar transistor current sources, 688–707
basic three-transistor current source, 693–696
cascode current source, 696–697
improved current-source circuits, 693–698
multitransistor current mirror, 704–706
two-transistor current source, 688–693
Widlar current source, 698–704
Wilson current source, 697–698
Bipolar transistor inverter circuit, 371
Bistable multivibrator, 1087
BJT amplifier. See Basic BJT amplifier
BJT current source circuits, 698
BJT diff-amp with active load, 791–792
BJT diff-amp with three-transistor active load, 806
BJT differential amplifier with three-transistor active
load, 792
BJT Hartley oscillator, 1083
BJT op-amp circuit, 811–815
BJT small-signal equivalent circuit, 380
Black, Harold, 852
Bode, H., 474
Bode plot, 474–479
Bode plot of gain magnitude, 492
Body effect, 143–144, 1160–1162
Body-effect parameter, 144
Bottom-up design process, 616
Brattain, Walter, 1
Break-point frequency, 475
Breakdown, 31
Breakdown effect, 144–145
Breakdown voltage, 30–32, 52, 299–301
Bridge circuit, 663, 664
Bridge power amplifier, 1113
1360 Index
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