Durham.
13. The Urals are a mountain system stretching across
the territory of Russia from the Kara Sea in the north
to the Aral Sea.
1. Watling Street is a long Roman road stretching from
Dover in the east to the river Severn in the west of
England.
2. Wessex is one of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of
England including Hampshire, Dorset, Wiltshire,
Berkshire, Somerset and Devon.
3. The Boer War was a war in South Africa in which the
British Army fought against the Boer Republics of
the Transvaal and the Orange Free State.
4. The Gulf States are the small Arab states on the Gulf:
Bahrain, Kuwait, Quatar and the United Arab
Emirates
5. Hadrian's Wall was built across the north of England
by order of the Roman ruler Hadrian between 122 and
128 AD to defend the border of Roman Britain
6. The Maghreb is the area in north-west Africa which
includes the countries of Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia,
and Libya where the people are Arab and Berber.
7. Mesopotamia is the area in west Asia around the
Tigris and Euphrates rivers in Modern Iraq, which
was a center of civilization in the ancient world.
8. The Middle East includes the countries of Asia and
Africa around the eastern end of the Mediterranean,
from Libya to Iran and the Arabian Peninsula.
9. The Midwest is an area in the US including the states
of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota,
Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa, Missouri, Michigan, North
Dakota, South Dakota and Oklahoma.
10. Niger is a country in Africa bordered by Burkino Faso
and Mali in the west and by Nigeria and Benin in the
south.
11. Nigeria is an oil producing country in West Africa
bordered by Benin, Niger, Chad and Cameroon.
12. The Oregon Trail is the path that early American set-
tlers followed to reach the Northwest, crossing the
Great Plains and the Rocky Mountains before turning
towards Idaho, Washington and Oregon.
13. The French Quarter is a part of the city in New
Orleans, Louisiana, that was originally settled by
French people; now it is famous as a tourist attraction.
Упражнение 14. Топонимика, фоновые знания: студен-
ты переводят на русский язык прочитанный препо-
давателем абзац.
Выполнению упражнения на занятии должно предше-
ствовать домашнее задание, выполняя которое студенты
знакомятся с историческими фактами и географическими
названиями, которые им потребуются для перевода моно-
логической речи (лекции), посвященной истории Великого
шелкового пути.
1. The Silk Road (sometimes known as the Silk Route)
started from present-day Sian and struck north-west-
wards to the oasis in the Gobi desert and then divided,
giving caravans a choice of two routes around the
perimeter of the Taklamakan desert.
2. From there the Silk Road continued westwards, start-
ing with a long and perilous ascend of the High
Pamir, "the Roof of the World", and passed out of
Chinese territory into Central Asia, through Persia
and Iraq to the Mediterranean coast.
3. The Silk Road was entirely dependent for both its
existence and survival upon the line of strategically
situated oases, which in turn depended for their sur-
vival upon the glacier-fed rivers flowing down from
the vast mountain ranges around three sides of the
great desert.
4. The point of departure for travellers using the Silk