Moulson A.J., Herbert J.M. Electroceramics: Materials, Properties, Applications
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Jackson’s parameter 122
Johnson noise 417
Jolleying 107
Josephson junction 233
Junctions
metal–ceramic 49
n–p 51
Kaolinite 270
Kerr effect 441, 444, 456
Kiln, rotary 102, 519
Kirchhoff’s radiation law 414
Klystron 285
Kro
¨
ger and Vink notation 22
LTCC 3, 288, 308
Lande
´
factor 471
Lanthanide
contraction 11
oxide
in garnets 490, 517, 534
NTCRs 160
in ZrO
2
186
Lanthanum
barium copper oxide 223
chromite 35, 141, 191
doped BaTiO
3
23, 24, 40, 167
Larmor frequency 503, 512
Lattice
structures 14
vibrations 60
Lead
in BaTiO
3
81
complex perovskites 320
lanthanum zirconate titanate, see PLZT
magnesium niobate 320
niobate 369
oxide, volatility 359
selenide 431
sulphide 431
titanate 364
La doped 359
zirconate 364
resistivity control 422
titanate, see PZT
Lichtenecker’s rule 84, 150, 300, 312
Light
guides 463
polarized 434
processing 465, 533
scattering 448
Line
defects 21
width, microwave 517
Liquid phase
epitaxy (LPE) 130
sintering 114
Lithium
iodide 185
niobate 21, 371, 464, 465
crystal growth 371
tantalate 371, 400, 420
crystal growth 371
radiometer 425
Lodestone 2, 486
Lorentz field 56
Loss factor
dielectric 244
magnetic 477, 494
Loudspeaker 543
LTCC 3, 287, 308
Lubricants 104, 107
Magneli phases 292
Magnesium
chromite 216
ferrite 530
microwave 541
oxide 299
band structure 32
titanate 299
Magnet, permanent
applications 523
properties 510
Magnetic
anisotropy 474, 481, 492
critical field 220
dipole moment 471
energy product 509
induction 472
loss factor 477, 494, 501
moment 371, 373, 388
shielding 493, 528
Magnetite 2, 486
Magnetization 473
precession 512
saturation 480, 488, 529
spontaneous 478
Magnetocrystalline anisotropy 481, 492
Magnetostriction 483, 494
Magnets, permanent 505
Manganese oxide
in BaTiO
3
23, 315
in dielectrics 294
in NTCRs 161
in PTCRs 170
in ZnO varistors 158
Manganese zinc ferrite 126, 492, 523
Maxwell mixture law 83
552
INDEX
TEAMFLY
Team-Fly
®
Meissner effect 219
Memory
ferroelectric 329
magnetic 532
magneto-optical 535
optical 454, 461
Metallizing 119
Microstructure
alumina 278
barium titanate 75
ferrite 495, 499, 506, 543
oriented 506
Microwave
bands 301, 512
ceramics 300
measurement 306
circulator 537
ferrites 511
isolator 537
phase-shifter 539
striplines 309
waveguide 511
Mn
3þ
control in ferrites 519
Mobility
charge carrier 25
electronic 37, 43
ionic 44
Moisture effects 96, 256, 294
Molybdenum disilicide 141
Moly-manganese 119, 283
Morphotropic boundary 354, 367, 370
Multilayer 3
base metal electrode 323
capacitor 110, 263
ferrites 528
gas-sensor 201, 203
package 287, 309
Nasicon 207
Nee
´
l
ferrite theory 488
temperature 479
NEP (Noise Equivalent Power) 417
Nernst–Einstein equation 44
Nernst filament 2, 144
Nickel-chromium electrodes 119, 362
Nickel
electrodes 324
electroless 119, 171
ferrite 488
microwave 541
zinc ferrite 488
Noise
circuit 417
equivalent power, see NEP
Johnson 418
Nonlinearity, optical 441, 445, 464
Non-stoichiometry 20
NTCR (Negative Temperature Coefficient
Resistors) 160
characteristics 162
n-type semiconduction 33
Nucleation of crystals 117, 122
Optical
axis 438
frequency mixing 447
indicatrix 440
isolator 535
scattering 448
Optics, nonlinear 445, 464
Orientation of crystallites 521
Orthoclase 270
Oxalates 100, 518
Oxide structures 14
Oxygen
adsorption in sensors 208
ion conduction 145
pressure and conduction 35, 142
sensor 199
in sintering of ferrite 519
vacancies 37, 186, 224, 294, 324, 358
Packaging 117, 286, 310
Packing of ions 15
Palladium–silver electrodes 265, 324
Paraelectric state 59
Paramagnetism 478
Pauli principle 8
Permeability 474
complex 475
definitions 485
effective 474
of ferrites 492
frequency effect 504
microwave 514
and stress 483, 527
Permittivity 55
calculation 57
complex 63
of ferrites 501
field effects 317, 322
Perovskite
layer structure 223
structure 15, 71, 142
tolerance factor 71
Phase transitions 19, 319
Phenomenological theory 60
INDEX 553
Phonons 29
Photoconductive layer 462
Piezoelectric
accelerometer 386
acoustic generators 390, 398
activator 389, 394
bimorphs 390
coefficients 404
composites 373
converse effect 339
coupling coefficient 345, 347
crystals 18
direct effect 339
equivalent circuit 350
gas ignition 382
hydrostatic coefficient 347
intravascular catheter 401
measurements 351
parameters 341
property summary 380
resonance 351
rotary motor 395
stress depoling 363
transformer 385
ultrasonic cleaner 397
wave filters 400
Pinning, domain walls 503
Plasticizer 109
PLZT 359, 449
dielectric 322
display 460
electro-optic behaviour 454
image storage 461
memory 454
phase diagram 450
scatter mode 457, 461
slim loop 457
thick film 464
Pockels effect 441, 456
Point defects 21
Polar structures 18, 340
Polarity 3
Polarizability 57
Polarization
electric 53, 67
of light 434, 533
of microwaves 514
remanent, control 455
spontaneous 17, 59
Polarons 42
Poling 18, 75, 340, 355, 362
corona 362
Polyvinylidene fluoride 420, 428
Porcelain 269
Pores
in dielectrics 248
condensation in 215
in fabrication 109, 119
in ferrites 503, 516
in sensors 210, 214
Porous structures 119
Positive
hole 28
temperature coefficient resistors,
see PTCR
Potassium
dihydrogen phosphate 449
fluoride flux 124
Pot cores 477, 493, 496, 528
Powders
barium titanates 99 et seq.
‘b-aluminas’ 188
FeRAMS 332
ferrites 518, 533
HT superconductors 227
PLZT 450
zirconates 187
Power
capacitors 266, 295
dissipation
in dielectric 60
in thermistor 162
factor 63
transmission lines 270
Pressing
dry 104
wet 521
Processing, see Fabrication
Protoenstatite 276
Protons in ceramics 204, 294
PTCR 51, 159, 167
p-type conduction 33, 142
Pyrochlore 322
Pyroelectric
coefficients 412
definitions 412
determination of 422
crystals 18
detectivity 417
figures of merit 417, 420
materials 420
piezoelectric compensation 423
PZT 21, 354, 364
aliovalent substituents 358, 365
depoling 365
fabrication 361
isovalent substituents 364
phase diagram 355
poling 355
resistivity 359
554
INDEX
Quality factor, Q 244
of dielectrics 302, 307
ferrites 527, 531
lead niobate 370
mechanical 354
microwave 492
PZT-polymer composite 374
Quantum
numbers 8, 471
tunnelling 153, 233
Quartz 124, 270
a-, b- 123
Radar 536
Radiometry 424
Rare earth, see Lanthanide
Rayl 374
Reaction bonding 139
Reactivity 97
surface 99
Recording tape 2, 532
Rectification 50
optical 446
Refractive index 70
Relaxation 66
Relaxors 320
Remanence 507
Representation quadric 439
Resistivity 25
of a dispersion 83, 150
ferrites 497
measurement 51, 280
mixtures 83
surface 148, 297
Resistors
NTC 160
ohmic 145
PTC 51, 159, 167
thick film 147
thin film 146
voltage sensitive 2, 51, 150, 169
Resonance
control 399
dielectric 65
dimensional 505, 531, 538
ferrimagnetic 503
frequency control, PZT 366
gyromagnetic 513
Responsivity 415
Reticulation 428
Rochelle salt 59
Rotary
kiln 102
motion, piezoelectric 395
Rubidium silver iodide 185
Ruby 127
Ruthenium dioxide 148, 216
conductivity 150
Rutile 22
structure 15, 22, 291
ceramic 291
conductivity 293
dielectric properties 292
Sapphire
fabrication 127
properties 280
see also Alumina
SAW, see Surface acoustic waves
Scandium in ZrO
2
186
Schottky
barrier 48, 152
defects 21, 45
Screen printing 103
Second harmonic generation, see SHG
Semiconduction 26–43
BaTiO
3
167, 327
low mobility 42
oxides 34
Sensors
CO 213
CO
2
207
gases and vapours 214
humidity 214
hydrogen in Al 204
lambda 200
Na in metals 206
NO, NO
2
203, 213
oxygen 200, 203
oxygen in steel 201
O
3
213
temperature 51, 159, 160, 167
Shape anisotropy 474
Shaping 103
Shear mode 340, 347, 386
SHG 445
Silica, see also Quartz with CaO in ferrites
501
Silicate structures 16
Siliciding 139
Silicon
carbide 116, 136
band-gap 136
self-bonded 139
varistor 151
nitride 116
semiconduction 26
Silver
migration 250, 324
paint 265
INDEX 555
Silver (Contd)
–palladium electrodes 265, 324
rubidium iodide 185
Single crystal
growth 121
magnetic 126, 535
seed 122, 128
YBCO 231
Sintering 98, 114
ferrites 499, 519
liquid phase 115
rapid 183, 361
shrinkage 110
zirconia 187
Skin effect 296
Slim loop PLZT 457
Slip-casting 108
Soapstone, see Talc
Sodium
chloride, conduction 43
ion conduction 44, 46, 188
sulphur cell 182, 196
Soft
magnetic material 489, 492
mode 60
Sonar 373
medical use 401
Space charge 49, 153, 168
Spark generator 382
Sparking plugs 107
Spark suppression 154
Sphene 299
Spin quantum number 8, 471, 488
Spin waves 516
Spinel 14
ferrites 486
frequency dispersion 502
resistivity 497
inverse 14, 488
structure 161, 487
Spiralling 139, 147
Spontaneous
magnetization 478
polarization 17, 59, 412
Spray drying 104
Sputtering 114, 146
Square loop ferrites 530, 532
SQUIDS 233
Steatite porcelain 273
Strontium
barium niobate 421
barium titanate 81, 129
ferrite 520
titanate 299
barrier layer capacitors 327
Structures, lattice 14
cubic close packed, CCP 14
fluorite 186
hexagonal close packed, HCP 14
perovskite 14, 71, 142
rutile 15, 291
spinel 14, 161, 487
tungsten bronze 370
wurtzite 157
Substrates 149
Superconductors, high T
c
4
Bi–2223 224, 225, 227
coherence length (x) 225
Cooper pairs 221
critical current 220
ciritical field 220
fault current-limiter 228
films 234
fluxon 220
irreversibility field (H
irr
) 226, 227
Josephson junction 233
leads and cables 228, 230
levitation 231, 236
load-levelling 232
mechanical strength 232
medical application 235
Meissner effect 219
microwave filter 235
penetration depth (l) 220
single crystal 231
SQUID 235
trapped field magnet 226, 231
types I and II 220
vortex pinning 222, 227, 231
YBCO 223, 225
Superexchange 488
Surface
acoustic waves (SAW) 395, 400
charge 54
discharge 246, 250, 268
resistance 148, 297
states 51, 152, 168, 215
Susceptibility
electric 55
magnetic 473
Switch mode power supplies 258, 529
Talc 273
tan d
dielectric 63, 244
equivalent resistance 253
magnetic 476
Tantalum electrolytic capacitors 258
Tape casting 109
556
INDEX
Temperature coefficient
loss factor 247
magnetization 491
mixtures 85
permeability 494, 527
permittivity 298
resistivity 27, 47
resonance frequency 302, 366
Temperature sensitive resistors 159
see also NTCR and PTCR
Tetrahedral lattice sites 14, 487
Thermal
breakdown 247
conduction module 287
conductivity 102, 428
alumina 279
diffusion 247, 428
expansion 299
fluctuations 418
imaging 426
shock 250
Thick films 147
Thin film 146
electrodes 142, 460
resistors 146, 147
switch, optical 463
Tin oxide 34, 142
electrodes 142, 460
gas sensor 210
Titanite, see Sphene
Titanium
dioxide, see Rutile
isopropoxide 129
vacancies 37, 170
Tolerance factor 71, 306
Transformer
ferrite cored 528, 529
piezoelectric 384
Transistor 51
Transitions
see Phase transitions
Transparent
ceramics 448
electrodes 146, 451, 461
Transport number 182
Trapped energy filter 400
Tridymite 123
Triglycine sulphate 419, 420
Tubular capacitors 262
Tungsten bronze structure 370
Tweeter 398
Ultrasonic
cleaning 396
imaging 375, 402
Uniaxial
anisotropy 507
crystals 438
Uranium
in PbZrO
3
421
in PZT 366
Vacant lattice sites 21, 44, 186, 223
Vacuum deposited films, see Thin films
Valence band 27
Varistors 2, 51, 150
VDRs, see Varistors
Verneuil crystal growth 128
Vidicon 427
Viscous plastic processing 394
Vitreous state 17
Voltage dependent resistors, see Varistors
Volumetric efficiency 251
van der Waals forces 103
Wave
filters 372, 399
front 438
-guide 511
mechanics 7
Weiss
domain 482
field 480
Wien’s displacement law 425
Work function 49, 210
Wurtzite structure 157
YIG 490, 542
Yttrium
barium copper oxide (YBCO) 223
gadolinium garnet 542
iron garnet, see YIG
in ZrO
2
186
ZEBRA 182, 184, 197
Zinc
chromite 161
ferrite 488
oxide crystal growth 124
oxide varistors 151
sulphide 116
Zircon 180, 271
Zirconates of alkaline earths 305
Zirconia 2, 144, 186
stabilizers 186
Y-stabilized 89
Zirconium titanium tin oxide 304
INDEX 557